TOPIC 1

I N TRO DUC TI O N TO
W O RL D W I D E W E B
(WWW)
P R E P A R E D B Y :

F A R A H I Z A M O H A M E D Y A C O B

F A R A H I Z A @ P O L I S A S . E D U . M Y

F A R A H I Z A . Y A C O B @ G M A I L . C O M
LESSON LEARNING OUTCOME (LLO)
Upon completing this lesson, the students should be able to:

 define internet and www

 distinguish types of websites
 differentiate between static and dynamic websites
TOPIC 1 (Part A)
WHAT IS THE INTERNET?

• The Internet is a massive network of networks, a networking

infrastructure. It connects millions of computers together globally,
forming a network in which any computer can communicate with any
other computer as long as they are both connected to the Internet.
• Information that travels over the Internet does so via a variety of
languages known as protocols.
WHAT IS THE WEB (WORLD
WIDE WEB)?
• The World Wide Web, or simply Web, is a way of accessing
information over the medium of the Internet. It is an information-
sharing model that is built on top of the Internet.
• The Web uses the HTTP protocol, only one of the languages spoken
over the Internet, to transmit data. Web services, which use HTTP to
allow applications to communicate in order to exchange business
logic, use the Web to share information.
WWW?

• With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text,
images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them by
using hyperlinks.
• 1990 by CERN company
• Many web addresses begin with www, because of the long-standing
practice of naming Internet hosts (servers) according to the services
they provide. The hostname for a web server is often www.
• Web is just a portion of the Internet
Who Owns the Internet?
• There are many organizations, corporations, governments, schools,
private citizens and service providers that all own pieces of the
infrastructure, but there is no one body that owns it all.
• No one actually owns the Internet, and no single person or
organization controls the Internet in its entirety.
HOW INTERNET WORKS
WEB BROWSERS

• A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software

application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information
resources on the World Wide Web.
• Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate
their browsers to related resources.
• Although browsers are primarily intended to use the World Wide
Web, they can also be used to access information provided by web
servers in private networks or files in file systems. The major web
browsers are Google Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera, and
Safari.
IN ORDER OF RELEASE :

• WorldWideWeb, February 26, 1991

• Mosaic, April 22, 1993
• Netscape Navigator and Netscape Communicator, October 13, 1994
• Internet Explorer, August 16, 1995
• Opera, 1996
• Mozilla Navigator, June 5, 2002
• Safari, January 7, 2003
• Mozilla Firefox, November 9, 2004
• Google Chrome, September 2, 2008
TYPES OF WEBSITES
a) Personal Websites
b) File Sharing Websites
c) Social Websites
d) Blogs/Forum
e) Informational Websites
f) E-Commerce Websites
g) Mobile Device Websites
h) Hybrid Websites
PERSONAL WEBSITES
• The purpose of this type of website is to provide information about an
individual. The Internet address has a variety of endings
FILE
SHARING
WEBSITES
• Dropbox
• 4shared
• Google Drive
• OneDrive
SOCIAL
WEBSITES
• Social media
networks are a major
resource for both
small and big
businesses that are
looking to promote
their brands on the
Internet. And figuring
out the most popular
social media sites for
the audience you are
trying to reach is
extremely important.
BLOGS/FORUM
• With both blogs and
forums, you can post a
comment and reply to
other comments, thus
developing discussions. In
both cases, you can leave
comments which may or
may not be moderated and
you may have to identify
yourself with a name and
email address.
BLOG

• Blogs are like online diaries (the irony is, though you keep your
hardcopy diary under lock-and-key, you want more and more visitors
to read the online one).
• Blogs can be created by anyone using free services like Blogger.com
(Google) or Windows Live Spaces (Microsoft).
INFORMATIONAL WEBSITES

• Those sites which are created in order to provide

a customized and branded resource for potential
and active customer/user.
• Example: About.com
 EDUCATIONAL WEBSITES
• The purpose of this type of website is to provide information about an
educational establishment. The Internet address ends in .edu.
 ORGANIZATIONAL WEBSITES
• The purpose of this type of website is to advocate an individual's opinion or a
group's point of view. The Internet address often ends with.org
 ENTERTAINMENT WEBSITES
• The purpose of this type of website is to entertain and provide amusement. The
Internet address often ends with .com
 NEWS WEBSITES
• The purpose of this type of website is to provide information about current
events. The Internet address often ends with .com
E-COMMERCE WEBSITES
• The purpose of this type of website is to sell products or services. The
Internet address often ends with .com
MOBILE
DEVICE
WEBSITE
• The mobile
web refers
to browser-
based Internet servi
ces accessed from
handheld mobile
devices, such
as smartphones or f
eature phones,
through a mobile or
other wireless
network.
HYBRID WEBSITES

• Hybrid” website consist of a website, Blog and

Social Media and combine them to make a hybrid website.
STATIC WEBSITES

• A static web page (sometimes called a flat page/stationary page)

is a web page that is delivered to the user exactly as stored, in
contrast to dynamic web pages which are generated by a web
application.
• Consequently a static web page displays the same information for all
users, from all contexts, subject to modern capabilities of a web
server to negotiate content-type or language of the document where
such versions are available and the server is configured to do so.
STATIC WEBSITES

• Static web pages are often HTML documents stored as files in the file
system and made available by the web server over HTTP.
• However, loose interpretations of the term could include web pages
stored in a database, and could even include pages formatted using a
template and served through an application server, as long as the page
served is unchanging and presented essentially as stored.
STATIC WEBSITES

Advantages
• No programming skills are required to create a static page.
• Inherently publicly cacheable (ie. a cached copy can be shown to anyone).
• No particular hosting requirements are necessary.
• Can be viewed directly by a web browser without needing a web server or
application server, for example directly from a CD-ROM or USB Drive.
Disadvantages
• Any personalization or interactivity has to run client-side (ie. in the browser),
which is restricting.
• Maintaining large numbers of static pages as files can be impractical without
automated tools.
 STATIC WEBSITES
• Static sites are the most basic type of website and are the easiest to create.
 DYNAMIC WEBSITES
• In a dynamic web site a web page is one that has been prepared with fresh
information and content for each individual viewing. It is not static because it
changes with the time, the visitor, the owner, the context, or any combination of
all this.
• Behind a web site with dynamic web pages is a web-based system that does
real-time processing of data - data that originates in the environment (like time),
is supplied by input or feedback from the visitor, the owner, or is stored in and
retrieved from databases.
THE ADVANTAGES OF A
DYNAMIC WEBSITE
• It provides a much more functional website, i.e. it can "do things"
• It is much easier to update because the user, the system or the owner
cause updates
• New content brings people back to the site and helps in the search
engines
• It can work as a system to allow the owner, staff or users to
collaborate and share data
 TWO TYPES OF DYNAMIC
WEBSITES
• Client-side Scripting
• Server-side Scripting
CLIENT-SIDE SCRIPTING

• Client-side scripting is changing interface behaviors within a specific

web page in response to mouse or keyboard actions, or at specified
timing events. In this case, the dynamic behavior occurs within
the presentation. The Client-side content is generated on the user's
local computer system
SERVER-SIDE SCRIPTING

• A program running on a web server (server-side scripting) is used to

change the web content on various web pages, or to adjust the
sequence of or reload of the web pages. Server responses may be
determined by such conditions as data in a posted HTML form,
parameters in the URL, the type of browser being used, the passage of
time, or a database or server state.
SERVER-SIDE SCRIPTING

• Such web pages are often created with the help of server-side
languages such as PHP, Perl, CSP, ASP, ASP.NET, JSP, ColdFusion and
other languages. These server-side languages typically use the
Common Gateway Interface (CGI) to produce dynamic web pages.
These kinds of pages can also use, on the client-side, the first kind
(DHTML, etc.).
COMBINATION

• Ajax is a web development technique for dynamically interchanging

content with the server-side, without reloading the web page. Google
Maps is an example of a web application that uses Ajax techniques and
database.