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MICROORGANISMS
Group 1
Bernas, Boris et.al
INTRODUCTION
Microorganisms grow and multiply by using raw materials
found in their environment. The available nutrients in the
environment may consist of simple to complex molecules. They
can oxidize these nutrient to obtain energy and modify then to
build precursors for the synthesis of necessary cellular
components. Microorganisms utilize nutrients in a variety of
ways and the metabolism often produces by-products that can
be used in the differentiation of microorganisms. The
production of the visible pigments is often used in
distinguishing groups of microorganisms particularly bacteria.
Objectives
• Perform the biochemical tests used in identification of
bacteria
• Explain the principle behind the production of
metabolic by-products
• Emphasize the importance of fermentation reactions
in the identification of bacteria
• Become aware on the importance of enzyme
production by bacteria
Materials
• inoculating loop
• Clean test tube
• Disinfectant
• 24 hr-old broth cultures of
• E.coli
• P.vulgaris
• E.aerogenes
• S.epidermidis
• M.luteus
• S.aureus
• P.aeruginosa
• S.Faecalis
Culture media
Basal medium
› Glucose
› Maltose
› Sucrose
› Lactose
› Mannitol
• Reagents
– 10% ferric chloride
– Methyl red
– 40%KOH
– 5% alpha naphthol
– Oxidase reagent
– Catalase reagent
– Kovac’s reagent
– Methyl red voges proskauer broth (MRVP)
– SIM
– LDC
– DC
– PA
– SCA
– CUA
– NA
Results and Discussion
Table 1.1
E.coli + -
E. aerogenes - +
Unknown - +
Methyl red (MR)
Bubbles appear
indicating a
positive result
Oxidase
E.coli + + - -
E. aerogenes - - + -
Identity of unknown bacteria
Salmonella typhii
Conclusion and Recommendation
Different tests are needed to be conducted for us
to better understand to what certain chemicals
and enzymes they might react for easier
determination of the different reactivity and
identity of the bacteria.
Based on the unknown bacteria that was
assigned to us we have identified it as Salmonella
typhii
Conclusion and Recommendation
We recommend that practicing of these tests
regularly will ensure the accuracy and
preciseness of the tests being conducted in the
perspective of being a microbiologist.