CHARACTERISTIC AND RISK FACTORS OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

PATIENTS IN DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL

Muhammad Rhema A*, Arief Wildan**, Andhika Guna D***

 Introduction
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a retinal vascular disorder resulting from
diabetes. The disease is the second most causes of blindness after
cataracts in Indonesia
According to WHO, 75% of patients with DM for 20 years will become
DR. Classification of DR consisted of NPDR (8.3%) and PDR (1.8%)

Aim
This study aim is to determine the characteristics of DR patients in
Diponegoro University teaching hospital (dr. Kariadi and Nasional
Diponegoro)
 Design
Method  Descriptive Observational

Inclusion criteria were :

Exclusion criteria were :
1.Newly diagnosed Diabetic
Retinopathy 1. Anterior segment
abnormalities
2.Fullfill the questionnaire
2. Previous history of ocular
3.No previous laser or
surgery
vitrectomy history
 Subject & Methods
Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy in
Diponegoro University Teaching Hospital
since January – April 2018
Inclusion & Exclusion Criteria
50 Patients

Funduscopy measured body weight measured body measured blood

Height pressured

Quesionare

Data Analysis
 Results Body Mass Index (WHO)
underweigh
12%
22% normoweight
20% overweight
46% obese

40
Normal
Blood Pressured Prehipertensi
68%
Distribution
20 Hipertensi grd 1
24%
2% 6% Hipertensi grd 2
0
 Distribution Diabetic
Retinopathy bassed on
Duration Diabetic Family History
Mellitus 26 % No of The
7%
74% Unclear Diabetes
CHART TITLE Mellitus
Yes
0-5 Years 6-10 years Patients
11-15 years >15 years
50

40
44%
36% 30 Classification
20 of Diabetic
84% Retinophaty
12%
8%
10 16%
0
Category 1
NPDR PDR
 Results Multivariate Regresi Logistic Analysis

Variabel p OR IK 95%
Age 0,100 0,901 0,795-1,020

Blood Pressure 0,082 3,088 0,868-10,987

Duration of DM 0,405 1,451 0,604-3,484


Discussion
Who had an average age of 54.40 ±
9.234 SD
According to other studies “ it is
found that the age of 51-60 years
and at least at the age of < 30
years “
Setyoputri NT, Adi S, Sasono W. Prevalensi dan
Karakteristik Pasien Retinopati Diabetik di Poli Mata RSUD
DR. Soetomo. JUXTA ISSN 1970-3623. Surabaya; 2017.
Volume IX, No.1: 20-25
• BMI  overweight which is 23 people
(46%).
• Blood pressure  prehypertension by 34
respondents (68%).
• Average blood sugar level of 217.04 ± 79.2
SD.
• Diabetic Retinopathy in patients with type 2
DM where BMI has a correlation with poor
sugar control, hypertension, blood glucose
level and dyslipidemia associated with the
development of Diabetic Retinopathy.
Setyoputri NT, Adi S, Sasono W. Prevalensi dan Karakteristik Pasien Retinopati
Diabetik di Poli Mata RSUD DR. Soetomo. JUXTA ISSN 1970-3623. Surabaya;
2017. Volume IX, No.1: 20-25.
Kastelan S, Tomic M, Antunica AG, Ljubic S, Rabatic JS, Karabatic M. Body Mass
Index: A Risk Factor for Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Hindawi
Publishing Corporation. Croatia; 2013. Article ID 436329. 1-8
 Discussion
• The duration of diabetes mellitus affects diabetic retinopathy. In Diponegoro
University Teaching Hospital are bassed on duration of DM at most is 6-10
years (44%), second place is 0-5 years (36%)

Diabetic Retinopathy is found in less than 5% of patients.

• 10 years has increased to 40-50%
• 20 years more than 90%.
Type 2 diabetes when the diagnosis is established
• 25% have from NPDR
• 20 years has increased to more than 60% in various degrees.

Pandelaki K. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam. Pusat Penerbitan Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta;
2009. Pp. 1911-15
 Discussion
• The results of Family history of DM • Based on the type of Diabetika
in this study were 37 respondents Retinopathy, the results is PDR with a
(74%). total of 84% and 16 % NPDR

• One of the factors causing DM is • The most common stage in Diabetika

the family history. Retinopathy is the PDR unit compared
• Other study got results that to the NPDR.
respondents with a family history • The exact cause is not yet known, so
had greater DM compared to further research is needed
respondents who did not have a
history of DM in the family. Manulang YR, Rares L, Sumual V. Prevalensi retinopati Diabetik pada
Penderita Diabetes melitus di Balai Kesehatan Mata Masyarakat
(BKMM) Propinsi Sulawesi Utara Periode Januari-Juli 2014. Fakultas
Santoso A, Trijayanto PA, Endiyono. Hubungan Riwayat Garis Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Manado; 2014.
Keturunan dengan Usia Terdiagnosis Diabetes Melitus Tipe II.
Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang. Magelang; 2017.ISSN
 Discussion
• The results of multivariate multiple logistic regression test showed p > 0.05,
so it can be concluded that there are no variables that influence the
incidence of PDR and NPDR.

• Risk factors such as hypertension, blood sugar levels, BMI, age, duration of
suffering from DM and history of DM in the family have an influence on the
development of Diabetika Retinopathy.
• This difference is caused by a sample that is too small

Manulang YR, Rares L, Sumual V. Prevalensi retinopati Diabetik pada Penderita Diabetes melitus di Balai Kesehatan Mata Masyarakat
(BKMM) Propinsi Sulawesi Utara Periode Januari-Juli 2014. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Manado; 2014.
 Conclusion

In this study, DR patients were 54.40 ± 9.234 SD, BMI overweight,

prehypertension, blood sugar level 217.04 ± 79.2 SD, duration of DM
6-10 years, family with history of DM and most with PDR