IGNITION SYSTEMS

(Conventional)

TEKNIK KENDARAAN RINGAN

XI CLASS SEM 4TH
KOMPETENSI KEJURUAN
SK-KD 17TH
DIAGRAM ALUR PENCAPAIAN KOMPETENSI
IGNITION FUNCTION

30,000 volt spark across spark plug

High voltage spark to each spark plug
in correct sequence
The spark so it occurs as piston is
nearing top dead center
Spark timing with load, speed, and
other conditions

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BASIC IGNITION SYSTEM
COMPONENTS

 BATTERY
 IGNITION SWITCH
 IGNITION COIL
 SWITCHING DEVICE
 SPARK PLUG
 IGNITION SYSTEM WIRES

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BASIC IGNITION SYSTEM

 Battery supplies power

to entire system
 Ignition Switch turns
engine on or off
 Coil transforms volts
 Switching device
triggers ignition coil
 Spark Plug and wires
distribute spark

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PRIMARY CIRCUIT
Consists of low
voltage wiring and
components
Uses conventional
type automotive
primary wires
Controls when
ignition will take
place. (When coil
fires)

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SECONDARY CIRCUIT

 Distributes current
to individual
cylinders to jump
spark plug gap
 Must have thicker,
heavier insulation
on wires
 Typical voltage to
jump gap - 10K
Volts

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IGNITION COIL

 TRANSFORMER
 2 SETS OF
WINDINGS
Primary windings
Secondary
windings
 IRON CORE
 PRODUCES
MAGNETIC FIELD

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IGNITION COIL

IGNITION COIL WITH RESISTOR

RESISTOR FUNCTION:

• To reduce the decline in Secundary Coil voltage at

high engine cycles
• To stabilize the flow into the coil primary

2 RESISTOR TYPE:

1. External resistor
2. Internal resistor

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IGNITION COIL

EXTERNAL RESISTOR TYPE

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IGNITION COIL

INTEGRATED RESISTOR TYPE

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IGNITION COIL

RESISTOR

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IGNITION COIL

DIODE

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DISTRIBUTOR

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BREAKER POINT/PLATINA

Function:

To disconnect and
connect the current
that flows to the
coil primer,
induction voltage
that occurs on the
secondary coil.

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BREAKER POINT/PLATINA

IGNITION ANGLE:
Turn the corner and when the distributor cam distributor opened
(B) to begin a protrusion on the next (C)

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BREAKER POINT/PLATINA

DWEEL ANGLE
The angle of distributor cam at the
time of breaker point start to open (A)
until breaker point close (C)
The influence of dwell angle:

Large dwell angle

• Small slit platinum
• Currents that flow to the primary coil too long
• Saturated magneting
• Platinum hot

Small dwell angle

• Platinum slit width
• Currents that flow to the primary koil too short
• Magnet not reached maximum
• Secondary induction coil voltage less
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CONDENSER

CONDENSER FUNCTION:
Prevent the occurrence of take-off fireworks in the electricity distributor,
how to absorb the flow of induction

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CONDENSER

CONDENSER CAPACITY

Capacity of condenser can be

identified with the color of the
cord

Green 0.18 Micro Farad

Yellow 0.22 Micro Farad
Blue 0.25 Micro Farad
White 0.27 Micro Farad

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ADVANCER

GOVERNOR ADVANCER

Function:
To advance the ignition
when the engine based on
the cycles

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ADVANCER

GOVERNOR ADVANCER

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ADVANCER

VACUUM ADVANCER
Function:
To advance the ignition time in
accordance with the size of the load
machine

How vacuum advancer:

At the time of low or middle load, low
speed for burning a mixture of air and
fuel lean. As a result, a mixture of
combustion air and fuel to be slow.
So that the maximum combustion
pressure obtained after TMA 10 degree
on the ignition timing must advanced

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ADVANCER

VACUUM ADVANCER

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ADVANCER

DOUBLE VACUUM ADVANCER

Function:
To reduce HC degree in waste gas at the time machine in a state of stationer (idling)
Note:
At the time we check or set ignition timing and vacuum hose secondary (sub) we need
to release.

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SPARK PLUG

Heat Range:
Is the index shown how much heat
transfer by spark plug

Heat Spark Plug :

Difficult to heat transfer

Cold Spark Plug :

Fast to heat transfer

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 SPARK PLUG TYPES

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SPARK PLUGS

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SPARK PLUG

Center
Electrode
Resistor
A. Using Resistor

B. Platinum Spark Plug

Center
Electrod
e
C. Iridium Spark Plug
Ground
Electrode

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SPARK PLUG

1.Normal 1 2 3 4 5
2.Overheated
3.Pre-ignition
4.Cracked 6 7 8 9 10
insulator
5.Bridged gap
6.Deposit
fouled
7.Carbon
glazed
8.Splashed
9.Glazed
10. Oil fouled

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SPARK PLUG

CONDITION Normal conditions:

Insulator yellow or brown young
The peak insulator net (young brown
or gray)

Burn condition:
Electrode burned. Insulator on the surface
of the foot have particles - small particles that
stick up. Insulator white or yellow

Causes:
Octane value is too low
The mixture is too lean
Knocking
When ignition is too early
Type plug is too hot
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SPARK PLUG

KONDISISI BUSI
Encrustation because of oil:
Foot insulator electrode is very dirty,
brown engine oil
Causes:
Worn piston ring
Bush valve guide/ valve is worn
There is oil through the ventilation
system (blow by gass)

There are carbon:

Insulator foot pole plug is lampblack
Causes:
• The mixture is too rich (carburettor
flooding)
• Type plug too cold
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Teknologi dan Rekayasa
IGNITION TIMING

Ignition timing is a time

issue a spark plug to
initiate combustion,
measured in crankshaft
degrees.

Terms of burning:
Start time of ignition
until the burning end of
time required (+ / - 2
milli seconds)

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COMBUSTION GRAPHIC AT
FUEL ENGINE SYSTEM

1. Ignition time
2. Start burning fuel
3. Maximum combustion
pressure
4. End of the combustion

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BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Kevin Sullivan, www. Autoshop101.com

www.carrersnet.com

Step 2 Electrical Group, Toyota Astra Motor

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 THE END

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