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ASTM D 2434
Q = kiA
Where:
Q = flow rate (volume/time)
i = hydraulic gradient (unitless)
A = cross-sectional area of flow (area)
k = coeff. of permeability (length/time)
Purpose:
Significance:
There are four laboratory methods typically used for measuring the
permeability coefficient:
Generally, soils which contain 10% or more particles passing the No. 200
sieve are tested using the falling-head method. The constant-head
method is limited to disturbed granular soils containing not more than
10% passing the No.200 sieve.
Typical Soil Permeability
The constant head test method is used for permeable soils (k>10-4
cm/s), and the falling head test is mainly used for less permeable soils
(k<10-4 cm/s).
Test Apparatus
Permeameters
Ruler
Tamper
Balance
Thermometer
Filter
Test Procedure
• Sample Weight
W= Volume * γd
• Water Head
H=H1-H2
• Gradient
i=H/L
• Flow
Q=(Hstart-Hfinish)*A
Where A=area of reservoir tube - area of bubble tube
KT =Q/iA
K20=KTηT/ η20
Where:
η20 and ηT are the viscosities at the temperature 20 and T, respectively,
and can be found from tables;
Graph
Void ratio
Permeability at 20oC
The End