HOW ANIMALS SURVIVE:

NUTRITION
BY: LAWRENCE A. PAYUMO
WHAT IS NUTRITION?
Nutrition refers to the activities by which living things
obtain raw materials from the environment and transport
them into their cells.
Nutrients refers to the elements and compounds taken
by living things in order to grow and function properly.
WHAT IS NUTRITION?
 WHAT IS NUTRITION?
Nutrients can be classified into six:
Nutrient Primary Function
Carbohydrates Provides energy
Proteins Builds tissues, antibodies, enzymes, hormones, and other
compounds
Fats Provides long-term energy, insulation, and protection
Vitamins Facilitates use of other nutrients
Minerals Help builds bones and teeth
Water Dissolves and carries nutrients, removes waste, and regulate
temperature
WHAT IS NUTRITION?
Carbohydrates, proteins, fats and vitamins are called
organic nutrients.
Water and minerals are called inorganic nutrients.
WHAT IS NUTRITION?
Examples of the nutrients:
Carbohydrates – Glucose (C6H12O6), ex. starch, rice, dairy
Proteins – Folic Acid (C19H19N7O6), ex. leafy vegetables
Fats – Saturated Fat (long carbon chains), ex. animal fat
Vitamins – Ascorbic Acid (C6H8O6), ex. citrus fruits
Minerals – Calcium (Ca2+), ex. milk, yoghurt
Water – Water (H2O), ex. water haha
TYPES OF NUTRITION
Nutrition can be classified into two – Autotrophs and
Heterotrophs.
Autotrophs refers to ‘self-feed’, such as the
photosynthesis of plants to obtain energy.
Heterotrophs refers to intake and digestion of organic
substances to obtain energy.
TYPES OF NUTRITION
TRIVIA:
Are there organisms which are both Autotroph and
Heterotroph??
TYPES OF NUTRITION
TRIVIA:
Yes, and they are called Mixotroph. An example of
mixotrophic organism is the Venus flytrap.
HOW FOOD GETS INTO CELLS?
Metabolism refers to the general term for all the chemical
reactions that happen in the cells of living organisms to
sustain life.
A cell’s metabolism involves thousands reactions occurring
in the cell. These reactions are arranged as intersecting
metabolic pathways.
HOW FOOD GETS INTO CELLS?
HOW FOOD GETS INTO CELLS?
The metabolic pathways involves two major processes.
Catabolism – the metabolic reactions
that breaks down the molecules.
Anabolism – the metabolic reactions
that builds up complex molecules.
METABOLIC PATHWAYS
There is a very large number of metabolic pathways. The
most important metabolic pathways are – glycolysis,
Krebs' cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, pentose phosphate
pathway, urea cycle, fatty acid oxidation and
gluconeogenesis.
IN A NUTSHELL
Animals which are heterotrophic survives by absorbing
nutrients from the food they eat. This process is called
nutrition. After the food is eaten, the process called
metabolism occurs to convert the nutrients into energy.
Metabolism is composed of thousands of reactions called
metabolic pathways.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!!