Land Transportation

 Movement of goods or people via land

 Earliest and most common method of

transportation since ancient times
 Major breakthrough - invention of wheel &
mechanization of transport
 Land Transport

Pipeline
Road Transport Rail Transport
Transport

Animal Passenger/ Hyper loop

Powered Freight Train (under progress)

Metro Rail/
Cycles
Mono Rail

Light Rail/
Motor Vehicles
Tramway
Road
 Less Capital Investment
and costs of construction
and maintenance
 Wider Domestic Coverage
connecting urban and
rural areas.
 Affordable & Accessible
even in rural setting
 Flexible timings & service
 Basis for other modes of
transport (ground transfer
to airports or ports)
 Suitable for short and long
distances
Rail
 Best suitable to carry
goods in bulk through
longer distances
 Unaffected by changes
in weather conditions
 Lesser rate of accidents
compared to road
transport
 Quicker and regular
form of transport
 Higher carrying capacity
compared to motor
vehicles.
 Road
 More prone to accidents/
breakdowns
 Less carrying capacity, hence
not suitable for bulky goods
 Delays due to ill-maintained
roads, quality varies
according to seasonality
 Slower&limited destinations
 Private run transport rates
are usually high due to lack
of standardization
 No fixed time schedules and
regulation
 Contributes to global
warming, causes noise/air
pollution
Rail
 Large investment capital
and higher costs of
construction and
maintenance
 Less prone to accidents/
breakdowns
 Higher maintenance costs
for rails and tracks
 Less flexibility due to fixed
routes & timings
 Doesn’t provide door to
door service(road transport
necessary to get to location)
 Contributes to depletion of
natural resources(fossil
fuels),causes pollution
Road
 Road Construction
Materials- Cement, Asphalt,
Concrete, Gravel etc.
 Road Construction
Equipment's- Road rollers,
Crawler excavator, Wheel
loader etc.
 Supervisory authorities and
Traffic Law Implementation
Authorities
 Street lights, signboards,
traffic signals etc.
 Safety measures for roads
prone to landslides or
flooding's.
Rail
 Railway track
construction materials-
overhead electric power
line for electric trains
 Machinery & manpower
for construction
 Supervisory authorities
and government bodies
 Maintenance and
operational costs
 Safety measures to avoid
derailing and other
accidents.
 Costs effective and sustainable transport
 Flexible according to the user
 Renting or Private ownership is affordable
 Convenient and efficient for traveling to places
within a country
 Less travel related paperwork- no visas/tickets
 Safety Regulations ensure security of goods
and passengers