The Electric & Magnetic Fields

Virtual Laboratory:

MAGNETIC INDUCTION ROTATING

FIELD

This is a part of a Learning Object

produced for the EU GUARDIANS Project

Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino

Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
Magnetic induction rotating field
in an infinite cylindrical three-phase machine

Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino

Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
 Hypothesis
• Quasi-stationary magnetic model.
• Cylindrical rotor and stator.
• Symmetric three-phase stator coil.
• Indefinite machine along z axis.
•    in the stator and in the rotor.

Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino

Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
 Symmetric 3-phase feeding
3-phase current system
• Let us feed the 3
phases with a
1

0.8

0.6

0.4
phase 1
phase 2
phase 3
symmetric current
0.2
system.
0

-0.2

-0.4
I 1  cos(t )
2
I 2  cos t  
-0.6

 3 
-0.8

-1

4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

I 3  cos t  
t (ms)

 3 
Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino
Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
 Magnetomotive Force / I
•Let us imagine the machine cut with a plane
belonging to the z axis pencil, and the stator and the
rotor rectified as shown in the figure:

G(a)

Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino

Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
 M.m.f. / II
•Apply the Ampere-Maxwell law to the rectangular
line named G(a), dependent on a; one has:

Br (a , t )
f.m.m.(a , t )      iG (t)
0

 – gap amplitude
Br – radial component of B
iG(t) – current linked by G

Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino

Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
 M.m.f. / III
• Three-phase sym-
metric current system:
•Taking into account
the particular nature
of the current
system, we report
the magnetomotive
force diagram at
t=0: m.m.f.
at t=0
Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino
Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
 M.m.f. / IV
• This function can be developed into Fourier
series.
• Considering only the first harmonic (the real
configuration of the coil allows this assumption),
one can say:
• At any instant the spatial distribution of m.m.f.
is sinusoidal, and so is the magnetic induction B.

Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino

Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
 Rotating Field / I
• In these hypotheses, developing the calcula-
tions, one obtains:
3
B r (a , t )  k sin(a  t )

• k is a constant which takes into account the
coil structure.

•  is the pulsation of the three-phase current

system.

Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino

Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
 Rotating Field / II
• The function Br is a progressive wave having
propagation velocity . In fact, if Br has a certain
value at time t and at angle a, it will assume the
same value at time t+Dt and at angle a+Da, so that:

sin( a  t )  sin( a + Da  ( t + Dt ))
• Comparing the arguments, we obtain the velocity:
Da  Dt  0 ; Da

Dt
Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino
Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
 Rotating Field / III

• The movie shows the time evolution of the

magnetic induction field produced by a three-phase
current system having frequency 50 Hz:

Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino

Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
Numerical example / I : input

Parameters
• n_phases – number of
phases being fed.
• Seq_type – direct
sequence (1), inverse (2),
homopolar (0).
• N_points – number of
points in the time interval.

Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino

Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy
 Numerical example / II : output

Current
Rotating System
Field
Movie

Phasorial
Diagram
Conductor
Detail

Author: Dr. Massimiliano d’Aquino

Università di Napoli FEDERICO II - Italy