HUMIDITY

SENSOR
Nama Kelompok :
1. RR. Astrid Maharani W.P (0517040059)
2. Bagas Ari Eka Prasetya (0517040069)
3. Karimatun Niswah (0517040077)
 Kelembaban adalah ukuran
jumlah uap air di udara. Dimana
jumlah uap air ini mempengaruhi
proses-proses fisika, kimia dan
Apa yang biologi di alam, oleh karena itu akan
dimaksud mempengaruhi lingkungan. Jika
kelambaban? besarnya kandungan uap air
melebihi atau kurang dari
kebutuhan yang diperlukan maka
akan menimbulkan gangguan atau
kerusakan.
 Humidity Sensor is one of the most
important devices that has been widely in
consumer, industrial, biomedical, and
environmental etc. applications for
What is measuring and monitoring Humidity.
humidity
Sensor kelembaban adalah suatu alat
sensors? ukur yang digunakan untuk membantu
dalam proses pengukuran atau
pendefinisian suatu kelembaban uap air
yang terkandung dalam udara.
 Sensing, measuring, monitoring and controlling
humidity is a very important task. Some of the important
areas of application for sensing, measuring and
controlling Humidity are mentioned below.
- Domestic: Sensing and controlling humidity in our
homes and offices is important as higher humidity
conditions will affect the blood flow. Other areas include
Application cooking, indoor plantation etc.
- Industrial: In industries like refineries, chemical, metal,
of Humidity or other industries where furnaces are used, high
Sensors humidity will reduce the amount of oxygen in the air and
hence reduces the firing rate. Other industries like food
processing, textile, paper etc. also need control of
humidity.
- Agriculture: Irrigation techniques like drip irrigation need
accurate moisture content for plants. Also, the moisture
in the soil plays an important role in the proper growth of
the plant. Other areas where humidity control is required
is indoor vegetation.
 - Electronics and Semiconductor: Almost all
electronic devices are rated with a range of
humidity values in which they work as expected.
Generally, this value will be something like 10% –
50% Humidity. Semiconductor Fabs (Fabrication
Plants) should maintain very precise
Application temperature and humidity values as even minute
of Humidity difference can show a huge impact in the
production.
Sensors
- Medical: Medical equipment like ventilators,
incubators, sterilizers etc. need humidity control.
It is also used in pharmaceutical plants and
biological processes.
 Humidity Sensors are very important
devices that help in measuring the environmental
humidity. Technically, the device used to measure
the humidity of the atmosphere is called
Hygrometer. Humidity Sensors or Hygrometers can
be classified based on the type of humidity it is
used for measuring for example Absolute Humidity
Example of (AH) sensors or Relative Humidity (RH) sensors.
Humidity Sensors can also be classified based on
Humidity the parameter used for measuring Humidity for
Sensors example Capacitive Humidity Sensors, Electrical
Conductivity (or Resistive) Humidity Sensors and
Thermal Conductivity Humidity Sensors.
Let us see about different types of Humidity
Sensors or Hygrometers along with their working
principles.
Capacitive Humidity
Sensors
 Sebuah Capasitive Sensor terbuat dari kapasitor
yang terisi-udara digunakan sebagai suatu sensor
kelembaman relatif karena uap dalam atmosfer
merubah permivitas elektrik udara menurut persamaam
di bawah ini:

Capacitive
Humidity Dimana :
Sensors T = ketentuan suhu (dalam K)
P = tekanan udara basah (dalam mHg)
Ps = tekanan saturasi uap air ditemperatur T (dalam
mHg)
H = kelembaban relative (dalam %)
Rumus tersebut menunjukan konstanta dielektrik dari
udara basah, dan untuk itu kapasitansi sebanding
dengan kelembaban relative.
 Pada gambar 13.3 menunjukkan sebuah block diagram
system pengukuran kapasitif, dimana konstanta dielektrik dari
contoh/sample material tersebut merubah frekuensi osilator.
Metode tersebut memiliki beberapa keterbatasan;
sebagai contohnya,keakuratannya kurang ketika pengukuran
kelembaban dibawah 0,5%, material yang dijadikan contoh
tersebut harus bersih dari parikel asing yang memiliki konstanta
dielektrik relative yang tinggi (contohnya: benda metal dan
plastic), dan suatu penentuan contoh pengukuran harus
dipertahankan.
 Prinsip kerja
Memanfaatkan perubahan kapasitif
perubahan posisi bahan dielektrik diantara kedua
keping
pergeseran posisi salah satu keping dan luas keping
yang berhadapan langsung
Prinsip kerja, Perubahan jarak antara kedua keping
contoh sensor, Contoh sensor : Sensor Relative Humidity HS-15P
dan Karakteristik sensor HS15P
Karakteristik 1. Bekerja pada rating temperatur 0°C sampai dengan 50°C
2. Bekerja pada rating kelembaban 20 % sampai dengan 100
sensor H515P % RH
3. Tegangan kerja adalah tegangan AC 1 Vrms
4. Frekuensi kerja adalah 50 Hz sampai dengan 1 KHz
5. Konsumsi daya adalah 0,3 mW
6. Dengan perubahan temperatur dengan kenaikan 5°C
maka kurva karakteristik Relative Humidity akan bergeser
berbanding terbalik (logarimatik) dengan perubahan
impedansi.
 Advantages of Capacitive Humidity Sensors
 The output voltage is near linear.
 They provide stable results over long usage.
 Can detect wide range of RH.
Advantages, Disadvantages of Capacitive Humidity Sensors
Disadvantages,  The distance from the sensor and signalling circuit is very
limited.
and Applications of Capacitive Humidity Sensors
Applications of Capacitive Humidity Sensors are used in a wide range of
applications including but not limited to:
Capacitive  HVAC Systems
Humidity  Printers and Fax Machines
Sensors  Weather Stations
 Automobiles
 Food Processing
 Refrigerators, Ovens and Dryers
Electrical
Conductivity Sensors
 Electrical Conductivity Sensors are
another important type of Humidity
Sensors that measure the resistance
(impedance) or electrical conductivity.
Electrical The principle behind resistive humidity
Conductivity sensors is the fact that the conductivity in
non – metallic conductors is dependent
Sensors on their water content.
 Prinsip kerja
1.Terdiri dari film tipis polimer / oksida logam
antara dua elektroda konduktif.
2.Permukaan penginderaan / sensor dilapisi
dengan logam berpori elektroda untuk
melindunginya kontaminasi. bahan kaca,
keramik, atau silikon.
Prinsip Kerja, 3.Perubahan dalam konstanta dielektrik sensor
kelembaban kapasitif hampir berbanding lurus
contoh, dan dengan kelembaban relatif lingkungan
karakteristik sekitarnya
sensor ABS-300  Contoh Sensor : Sensor ABS-300
 Karakteristik sensor ABS-300
1.Perubahan kapasitansi 0,2-0,5 pF untuk RH 1%
2.Kapasitansi antara 100 dan 500 pF sebesar 50%
RH pada 25 ° C.
3.Rentang waktu respon antara 30 hingga 60 s
untuk perubahan RH 63%.
 Advantages of Resistive Humidity Sensors
 Low cost
 Small Size
 The distance between the sensor and signal
circuit can be large (suitable for remote
operations).
Advantages,  Highly interchangeable as there are no
Disadvantages, calibration standards.
and Disadvantages of Resistive Humidity Sensors
Applications of  Resistive Humidity Sensors are sensitive to
Resistive chemical vapors and other contaminants
Humidity  The output readings may shift if used with water
soluble products.
Sensors
Applications of Resistive Humidity Sensors
 Resistive or Electrical Conductive Humidity
sensors are low cost sensors with relatively small
size. They are often used in several industrial,
domestic or residential and commercial
applications.
Thermal Conductivity
Humidity Sensors
 Thermal Conductivity Humidity Sensors are also
known as Absolute Humidity (AH) Sensors as they
measure the Absolute Humidity. Thermal
Conductivity Humidity Sensors measure the thermal
conductivity of both dry air as well as air with water
vapor. The difference between the individual thermal
conductivities can be related to absolute humidity.
Thermal Contoh sensor : Sensor TCG-3880
Conductivity Prinsip kerja
Humidity 1. Terdiri dari dua ruang masing-masing dengan
sebuah sensor identik konduktivitas termal.
Sensors 2. Satu ruang yang ditutup dan diisi dengan gas
referensi, dan yang lainnya menerima gas
sampel.
3. Perbedaan konduktivitas termal dari sampel
gas referensi dan diterjemahkan ke dalam
angka konsentrasi oleh sirkuit mikroprosesor
dalam unit elektronik.
 Advantages of Thermal Conductivity Humidity Sensors
 Suitable for high temperature environments and
high corrosive situations.
 Very durable
 Higher resolution compared to other types
Advantages, Disadvantage of Thermal Conductivity Humidity
Disadvantages, Sensors
and  Exposure to any gas with thermal properties
Applications of different than Nitrogen might affect reading
measurement.
Thermal
Applications of Thermal Conductivity Humidity
Conductivity Sensors
Humidity  Some of the common applications of Thermal
Conductivity Humidity Sensors are:
Sensors
 Drying kilns
 Pharmaceutical plants
 Owens
 Clothes dryers and drying machines
 Food dehydration
 The following are some of the factor that
must be taken into consideration when selecting a
Humidity Sensor.
Important Accuracy of the sensor.
Considerations Calibration – requirements and methods
when Size of the sensor
Selecting a Cost of the sensor and cost of replacement
Humidity
Output repeatability
Sensor
Circuit complexity
Resistance to contamination
Reliability of the sensor