TRADE UNION

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 Development of Trade Union, in the  Western
countries, can be traced back to the 18th century
 Industrial development in India on Western lines,
commenced from the middle of the 19th century

 The first organised Trade Union in India: “Madras

Labour Union”- formed in 1918

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 “Trade Unions are the groups set-up with the aim of
trying to create fairness and job security in a
workplace”
 Section 2(h) of the Trade Union Act,1926 has define
a trade union as:
“Any combination, whether temporary or
permanent, former primarily for the purpose of
regulating the relation between workman and
workmen or between employers, or for imposing
restrictive conditions on the conduct of any trade or
business, and includes any federation of two or
more trade unions”

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

Features of trade unions

I.It is an organisation formed by employees or workers

II.Formed on a continuous basis. A permanent body, not a

casual or temporary one

III.It is formed to protect and promote all kinds of interests

–economic, political and social-of its members

V. It achieves its objectives through collective action and

group effort.

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 Because an individual worker has very little power to
influence decisions that are made about his or her job
 By joining together there is more chance of having a voice
and influence
 All sorts of jobs and industries are covered by trade unions
 Some unions represent people who do a particular job or
work in a specific industry –
e.g. National Union of Journalists (NUJ), as its name
suggests, Union for Finance Staff (UNIFI) ……

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 The main service a union provides for its
members is
 Negotiation
 Representation
 Information and advice
 Member services

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

Negotiation
•Negotiation is where union representatives discuss with
management issues which affect people working in an organisation.

• finding out the members' views and relays these views to

management.
• possibility of difference of opinion between management and
union members.

'Negotiation' is about finding a solution to these differences. This

process is also known as 'collective bargaining'.

•Reorganization for 'collective bargaining'

• What are the Issues for collective bargaining….?

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

Representation

•Representing individual members to solve their problems at

work.

•If the problem cannot be resolved amicably, the matter may go

to an industrial tribunal

•People can ask their union to represent them at industrial

tribunals.
• Most cases that go to industrial tribunals are about pay, unfair
dismissal, redundancy or discrimination at work.

•Normally this is to help people get financial compensation for

work-related injuries or to assist people who have to take their
employer to court

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 Information and advice

•Unions can advise on a range of issues like how

much holiday you are entitled to each year, how
much pay you will get if you go on maternity leave,
and how you can obtain training at work

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

Member services

•Education and training

•Legal assistance

•Financial discounts

•Welfare benefits

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 ‘Collective bargaining' takes place quietly and agreements
are quickly reached by the union and the employer
 Industrial action takes under strict laws of action
 A strike is only called as a last resort
 The Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS) is
often used to help find a solution to a dispute which is
acceptable to both sides

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

Tri party relation with respect to different nations

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

1. Better Wages
2. Better Working conditions
3. Bonus
4. Resist unsuitable schemes
5. Secure welfare
6. Project Interest of workers
7. Social welfare
8. Organisational gowth and stablilty

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 Greater Bargaining Power
 Makes their voice heard
 Minimise discrimination
 Sense of security
 Sense of Participation
 Sense of Belongingness

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 Protection
 Social pressure
 Compulsion
 Political beliefs
 Solidarity
 Tradition
 Pay and conditions
 Communication
 Health and safety

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 Lack of education
 Strike on Illogical basis
 Undue demands relating to wages

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

Type of Union Description / Example

Craft of skills To represent skilled workers e.g. Musicians

union Union (MU)
Industrial To represent the members of one particular
unions industry e.g. Fire Brigades Union
(FBU)

General Unions which recruit workers from all types

unions of industries and with any level or range of
skills e.g. Amicus – the Manufacturing
Science and Finance Union (MSF)

White-collar Represent office workers e.g. National Union

unions of Teachers (NUT)
By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi
 Another way of
classification:
1. Reformist Unions
• Business Unions
• Friendly Unions

2. Revolutionary unions
• Political unions
• Anarchist unions

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 National Level Federations

Regional Level Federations

Local level Federations

Plant level federation

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 National
Office

Branches District
and Regional
Offices

Shop Stewards
(Union
Representatives)

Union
Members
By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi
 Members - people who pay a subscription to belong to a union
 Shop stewards - sometimes called union representatives - elected by
members of the union to represent them to management
 Branches - which support union members in different organisations
locally. There is usually a branch secretary who is elected by local
members
 District and/or regional offices usually staffed by full time union
officials. These are people who are paid to offer advice and support to
union members locally
 A national office - the union's headquarters, there is usually a General
Secretary and a National Executive Committee, elected by the union's
members

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 Trade Unions Act, 1926 provides for the registration
of the  Trade Unions with the Registrars of Trade
Unions of their territory
 Proof of Any seven or more members are required
to form a trade union by submitting their names to
the registrar of trade unions
 The Act gives protection to registered trade unions
in certain cases against civil and criminal action

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

• AIBOC - All India Bank Officers Confederation

• AISGEF - All India State Government Employees

Federation
• Center of Indian Trade Unions - Major trade union
• Hind Mazdoor Sabha - Membership, objectives and
trade union situation
• Indian National Trade Union Congress - History,
aims, objectives and activities
• NCOA - National Confederation of Officer's
Association of Central Public Sector Undertakings
• PWTUC - Professional Workers Trade Union Centre
of India
• Trade Union India - Trade union international of
public and allied employees

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 Important central organizations of workers in India are

1.The Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC).

The Congress Party and the top congress leaders formed
the INTUC like Nehru and Patel were associated with it.

2.The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC). This

union serves as the labour forum of Communist Party of
India at present. It is considered as the second largest
union in India

3.The Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS). It was formed in

Calcutta by the socialists who neither approved
INTUC nor AITUC. The HMS was organized with a
view to keeping its members free from any political or
other outside interference.

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

4. The United Trade Union Congress (UTUC). It functions
mainly in Kerala and West Bengal.

5. Centre for Indian Trade Unions (CITU). Some separated

people from the AITUC in May 1970 and formed the CITU.

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

In addition to the above, there are four other
central trade union organizations. They are:

•Bhartiya Mazdoor Sangh (BMS)

•National Labour Organisation (NLO)

•National Front of Indian Trade Unions (NFITU)

•Trade Union Congress Committee

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 Uneven growth
 Limited membership
 Multiplicity of unions
 Outside leadership
 Financial problems
 Indifferent attitude of workers
 Intergroup Rivalry
 Intra- Group Rivalry

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 Each trade union member pays a subscription
 The amount varies from union to union
 Normally set at different levels according to the amount
people earn
 In exchange, members receive the benefits of
representation, negotiation, protection and other services
from their union.

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

How do trade unions recruit their members?

• Through reference check

• Through advertisement

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 In 1979 13.3 million people were members of trade unions
and the proportion of employees who were union members
stood at 55%.
 Trade union membership has declined over the last two
decades

 In 2003, union membership in Britain, estimated from the

Labor Force Survey, was 7.42 million. The proportion of all
employees who were union members was 29.1%

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

several reasons for fall in membership of TU

•A dramatic fall in the number of jobs in manufacturing industries

where union membership was traditionally high

•larger numbers of unemployed people

•A fall in traditional full time employment and an increase in part time

and temporary workers who are less likely to join unions

•An increase in the proportion of the workforce employed by small

companies where it is often difficult for unions to organize

•Laws of Conservative government -difficult for unions to operate and

keep their members
.

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

 One Union Per Industry
 Paid Union Officials
 Recognition of Trade Unions
 Improved Financial condition

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi

Thank u…..

By, Mrs. Saylee Joshi