ARCHITECTURE

Art Appreciation
BSA 1B
Definition
• Architecture is the art and science of designing structures
and spaces for human use. Architectural design in itself
is an art form realized through considerations of spatial
design and aesthetics. Related to sculpture, architecture
creates three-dimensional objects that occupy a given
space and create a visual relationship with the area
surrounding them.
3-key issues in
Architecture

• Function how a building is used

• Form how it looks

• Sturture how it stands up

STYLES AND METHOD
Architectural Design
• Dry Masonary – pilling stones on top of one another, if
the stones have been cut before stacking,
they are dressed.
• Post and beam – vertical posts support horizontal beams
• Round arch and Vault – the round arch enabled builders
to move their beams further apart. It can be supported by
a column, pier or a massive column. A vault is a curving
ceiling or roof structure.
• Dome – an arch rotated 180 degrees on its vertical axis. It
can be rounded or pointed.
• Butresses – built on the outside of the arch to support the
weight.
• Truss and frame – truss is a triangular framework used to
span and support; frame are heavy timbers replaced
within stud nails together.
 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

CEILING
AND
FLOORS
Most
important
surfaces of an
interior space
 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

 the termination of a space above our heads

 the overhead interior surface or lining of a room, often concealing
the underside of the floor or roof above.
CEILING
CEILING AND FLOORS
 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

 the surface of a room which we use each day, on which we

walk all the time
FLOORS
CEILING AND FLOORS
 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

COLUMNS
AND PIERS
 Has a relationship with
the ground and has to
carry a load
 A rigid, relatively
slender structural
member designed
primarily to support
axial, compressive
loads applied at the
number ends.
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ELEMENTS

COLUMNS AND PIERS

 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

WINDOWS

 An opening in the
wall of a building
for admitting light
and air, usually
fitted with a frame
in which are set
operable sashes
containing panes
of glass.
 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

Basic Forms And Bars

 The square, the triangle

and the circle are the
basic geometrical forms
for the window
(square representing a
precise form, very
abstract, and very banal
format)

Basic forms and bars

Windows
 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

Windows Figures
 Are created
when different
formats are
brought into
aesthetic
interdependence

Windows Figures
Windows
 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

Window as Room
Divider

 Show the refined

treatment, the
richness in detail
and the
significance

Window as Room Divider

Windows
 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

Facade and
Windows Axis

 The windows
let us
imagine the
wonderfully
high rooms
behind

Facade and Windows Axis

Windows
 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

STAIRCASE

 One of the flight

or series or steps
for going from
one level to
another as in a
building.
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ELEMENTS

FACADES
 Most essential
architectural element
capable of
communicating the
function and signifance
of a building
 from latin word 'facies'
which synonymous
with the word 'face' and
'appearance'. Therefore
the facade is the face of
the building.
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ELEMENTS

ENTRANCE
AND
PORTALS

 Marks the
transition
from the
public
exterior to
the private
interior
 ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS

ARCADES

 Determined
by this
ambivalence
of
application,
also a
intermediate
space
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ELEMENTS

GROUND
FLOOR
 Base of a
building, its
ground floor
zone
 most
important
urban element
of a facade.
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ELEMENTS

BAY-WINDOWS, BALCONIES
AND LOGGIAS

 Independent spatial units

 They are any case genuine
enlargements of the apartments,
providing a sense of stepping out
of the building -- out of the
facade -- although still being in
the private realm.
 These elements allow for a better
view of urban life; they open up
'new prospects' in the true sense
of the word
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ELEMENTS

Roof and
Attic Storey
 The attic is a free place, a
residual place, a store-room, a
play area for children. It is
often full of corners, mostly
dark and dusty, the opposite
of the exterior world.
 The roof is the crown of the
building, the evidence of its
meaning showing the pride
and the dignity of the building
itself.