ANATOMY

OF
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

PREPARED BY

J.ASIR DHAYANI
INTRODUCTION
PARTS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
NOSE
NASAL CAVITY
SUBDIVISIONS OF NASAL CAVITY
PARTS OF NASAL CAVITY
PARANASAL SINUSES
PHARYNX
RELATIONS OF PHARYNX
LARYNX
LARYNX
THYROID CARTILAGE
CRICOID CARTILAGE
EPIGLOTTIS
ASSOCIATED STRUCTURE
MUSCLES OF LARYNX
VOCAL CORDS
TRACHEA
LAYERS OF TRACHEA
BRONCHI
TRACHEO BRONCHIAL TREE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BRONCHI
BRONCHIOLES
ALVEOLI
LUNGS
RIGHT LUNG BIGGER-WHY
LOBES AND FISSURES OF LUNG
FEATURES OF LUNG
SURFACES OF LUNG
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE LUNGS
ZONES
RESPIRATORY UNIT
ROOT OF THE LUNG
BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENT
PLEURA
SURFACTANT
Discovered by Dr.John.A.Clement.
Surface tension lowering agent.
Secreted by type II alveolar epithelial cells.
Contributes to the elastic properties of pulmonary tissue preventing
the epithelial alveoli from collapsing.
It forms a layer at the fluid air interface in the alveoli.
It is produce at 24-28 Weeks of gestation. By about 38 weeks, most
babies have enough naturally produced surfactant to keep the alveoli
from collapsing.
Pre mature baby develops RDS when the lungs do not produce
sufficient amounts of surfactant.
L/S ratio; predictor of fetal lung maturity.
MUSCLES OF RESPIRATION
REST
INHALATION
EXHALATION
MUSCLES OF INSPIRATION
Diaphragm

External Intercostal Muscles

DIAPHRAGM
RIGHT DOME HIGHER THAN LEFT
RELATIONS OF DIAPHRAGM
EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF EXPIRATION
MUSCLES OF ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
INTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
 APPLIED ANATOMY
• COMMON COLD
SINUSITIS
LARYNGITIS
DIPHTHERIA
ALLERGIC RHINITIS
EPISTAXIS
TUMORS
INVERTED PAPILLOMA
MALIGNANT TUMORS
BRONCHITIS
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
COPD
ASTHMA
BRONCHIECTASIS
EMPHYSEMA
PNEUMONIA
LUNG ABSCESS
TUBERCULOSIS
OCCUPATIONAL LUNG DISEASE
ASBESTOSIS
PNEUMOCONIOSIS
BLACK LUNG
BYSINOSIS
SILICOSIS
ALLERGIC ALVEOLITIS
CHEMICALLY INDUCED LUNG DISEASE
PARAQUAT
OXYGEN TOXICITY
ATELECTASIS
PNEUMOTHORAX
PLEURAL EFFUSION
CYSTIC FIBROSIS
DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA
PNEUMONIA
PLEURITIS
HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE
 SUMMARY

Human body needs oxygen to survive

Respiratory system enable us to breathe

Series of organs responsible for taking in O2 and expelling CO2.

CONCLUSION