Health & Healing I

Lesson plan
• Lesson on Group Dynamics
• Activity related to developing groups
• Discuss nutrition essay
• Discuss Health Fair details
• Discussion about Test #1- Review ppt
Group Process & Group Dynamics
Healing Presentation
Nursing Groups
“Nursing is a profession that is based on collaborative
relationships with clients & colleagues”

• Nurses need to know how to work in a variety of

different groups including with…
▫ Nursing colleagues
▫ Patients & families
▫ Interprofessional teams

• When conflict occurs it can result in bullying &

horizontal violence
▫ To nurses
▫ By nurses
What are Group Dynamics?
• How each group member relates to one another
during process of working towards group goals

• Leadership is important but success or failure is

mostly a factor of group members behaviour

• We all bring different strengths to the process

3 Individual Group Roles......
1. Task oriented roles

2. Group building or maintenance roles

3. Self serving roles

Positive Factors influencing Group
Dynamics
• Mutual respect essential

• Need to be sensitive to needs of group and

individual members

• Rules need to be established early in the group

process and everyone has to agree to them
Characteristics of Effective Groups

• Group identity
• Cohesiveness
• Patterns of interaction
• Decision making
• Responsibility
• Leadership
• Power
Stages in Team Building
Stages in Team Building

Adjourning
Performing

Norming

Storming

Forming
Stage 1: Forming
• Team Building
▫ Define team
▫ Determine individual roles
▫ Develop trust and communication
▫ Develop norms

• Task
▫ Define problem and strategy
▫ Identify information needed
Strategies to Build a Successful Group
• Select the best members
• Select a workable number
• Clearly outline the work
• Set expectations about assignments
• Provide a written agenda for each meeting
• Compile written records of each meeting
• Provide adequate meeting space
• Set a good example as a group member
Team Roles
Leader
 Encourage and maintain open communication.
 Help the team develop and follow team norms.
 Help the team focus on the task.
 Deal constructively with conflict.
Recorder
 Keep a record of team meetings.
 Maintain a record of team assignments.
 Maintain a record of the team's work.
PR Person
 Contact resource people outside of the team.
 Correspond with the team's mentor.
 Maintains good communication among team members.
Team Norms

 How do we support each other?

 What do we do when we have problems?
 What are my responsibilities to the team?
Stage 2: STORMING

During the Storming stage team members:

 Realize that the task is more difficult than they
imagined;
 Have fluctuations in attitude about chances of
success;
 May be resistant to the task; and,
 Have poor collaboration.
Behaviours That Impede Group Process
 Aggressor  Silent one
 Nonconformist  Know it all
 Conformist  Playboy/playgirl
 Recognition seeker  Latecomer
 Self confessor
Storming Assessment
• Do we have common goals and objectives?
• Do we agree on roles and responsibilities?
• Does our task, communication, and decision
systems work?
• Do we have adequate interpersonal skills?
Negotiating Conflict

• Find the middle ground!

• Separate problem issues from people issues.
• Be soft on people, hard on problem.
• Look for underlying needs, goals of each party rather
than specific solutions.
• Clarify the core issues
• State your views in clear non-judgmental language
• Listen carefully to each person’s point of view.
Stage 3: Norming
• During this stage members accept:
▫ Their team;
▫ Team rules and procedures;
▫ Their roles in the team; and,
▫ The individuality of fellow members.

• Team members realize that they are not going to

fail and start helping each other.
Giving Constructive Feedback
• Be descriptive.
• Don't use labels.
• Don’t exaggerate.
• Don’t be judgmental.
• Speak for yourself.
• ……when you _______, I feel____, because
____ and I would like____
Giving Constructive Feedback

• Use “I” messages.

• Restrict your feedback to things you know for

certain.

• Help people hear and accept your compliments

when giving positive feedback.
Receiving Feedback
• Listen carefully.
• Ask questions for clarity.
• Acknowledge the feedback.
• Acknowledge the valid points.
• Take time to sort out what you heard.
Stage 4: PERFORMING

Team members have:

▫ gained insight into personal and team
processes;
▫ a better understanding of each other’s
strengths and weaknesses;
▫ gained the ability to prevent or work through
group conflict and resolve differences; and,
▫ developed a close attachment to the team.
Personality Styles

Driver Expressive

Amiable Analytic
Stage 5: ADJOURNING
• Not all groups go through this stage
• Involves the disbandment of the group
▫ Task is accomplished
▫ Individuals decide to go in another direction
▫ Organization priorities change
• Members of the group experience feelings of
closure and sometime sadness
In Summary…
Teams succeed when members have:

• Commitment to common objectives

• Defined roles and responsibilities
• Effective decision making systems, communication
and work procedures
• Good personal relationships

• Why do teams/groups fail?

Leadership
Characteristics of an effective
leader......
• Communication skills
• Problem solving skills
• Management skills
• Self evaluation skills
Leadership Roles
• Decision maker • Counselor
• Communicator • Teacher
• Evaluator • Forecaster
• Facilitator • Visionary
• Risk-taker
• Influencer
• Energizer
• Creative Problem Solver
• Mentor
• Change Agent
• Critical Thinker
• Buffer • Diplomat
• Advocate • Role Model
• Coach
Leadership Styles
• Autocratic or Authoritarian
• Democratic or Participative
• Laissez-Faire, Permissive, or Free Rein

…how to work with leaders….. know their style…

Autocratic or Authoritarian

• Autocratic leader- authoritarian leadership

▫ Characterized by individual control over all
decisions
▫ Little input from group members.
▫ Make choices based on their own ideas and
judgments
▫ Rarely accept advice from followers.
▫ Absolute, authoritarian control over a group.
Characteristics of Autocratic
Leadership
• Some of the primary characteristics of autocratic
leadership include:
▫ Little or no input from group members
▫ Leaders make the decisions
▫ Group leaders dictate all the work methods and
processes
▫ Group members are rarely trusted with decisions
or important tasks
Democratic or Participative
• Democratic leadership - participative leadership
• Take a more participative role in the decision-
making process.
• Usually one of the most effective
▫ higher productivity
▫ better contributions from group members
▫ increased group morale
Characteristics of Democratic
Leadership
• Some of the primary characteristics of
democratic leadership include:
▫ Group members are encouraged to share ideas
and opinions, even though the leader retains the
final say over decisions.
▫ Members of the group feel more engaged in the
process
▫ Creativity is encouraged and rewarded.
Laissez-Faire, Permissive, or Free Rein

• A free-rein leader does not lead,

• Leaves the group entirely to itself.
• Allows maximum freedom to subordinates; they
are given a free hand in deciding their own
policies and methods.
Next Week – Week 2
• Student Preparation
▫ Test Preparation:
 Content form the first 4 weeks for Test #1
 Modules 1-3 in Medical Terminology Online Course for Quiz #1
▫ See Student Preparation Check List for Week 5- Nutrition
 For 3 days keep a food diary of everything that you eat and drink.
 Bring one or two Nutrition Facts labels from foods that you have eaten
▫ Review the PPT’s posted in DC Connect
▫ Read Chapter 42 in Potter & Perry

• Next weeks content will be delivered using an online independent

study. It will address the following:
▫ Food & Health
▫ Factors that influence nutrition
▫ Canada’s Food Guide
▫ Assessing Nutritional Status
Key Messages
• What will you take away from this week’s topic?