A POWERPOIN

PRESENTATION ON CIRCLE
 What is a circle?
Circles are simple closed curves which
divide the plane into two regions: an
interior and an exterior.
Features OF CIRCLE…….

Circumference … the distance from

… the
…the
the distance
distance across
centre of the
around
the circle, the Circle…
passing
circle to any point
Diameter through
on the the centre of
…circle
the its PERIMETER
circumference
Radius
 Minor Major
Segment Segment
C
AR

… part
a lineofwhich
joining
the touches
two
d
circumference
points
the on the of a at
circumference
or
Ch

circle
circumference.
one point only

… chord
From divides
Italian circle
tangere,
into
to two segments
touch
Tan
gen
t
 Parts
Major sector
SECANT

Minor Sector
 TANGENT
A tangent to a circle is a line
that intersects the circle at only
one point A

B
Tangent & Radius
A tangent is
perpendicular
to the radius
of a circle
 THEOREM

THE LENGTH OF TWO TRIANGLES TO A

CIRCLE FROM AN EXTERNAL POINT ARE
EQUAL AND THEY ARE EQUALLY INCLINED
TO THE LINE SEGMENT JOINING THE CENTRE
AT THAT POINT
GIVEN: In c(o , r),tangents AP, PB
Are shown from the external point P.

To prove: AP=PB, APO= BPO

Const.: join AO & BO
Proof: In,
∆AOP=∆BOP
OP=OP (common)
OAP=OBP (Each 90°)
AO=OB (radii of same circle)
∆AOP =~ ∆BOP (R.H.S)
AP=PB, APO= BPO C.P.C.T

HENCE PROVED…..
1.1
To Prove: Equal chords of a circle subtend
equal angles at the centre.
Proof : We are given two equal chords AB and CD
of a circle with centre O. We want to prove that:
∠ AOB = ∠ COD.
In triangles AOB and COD,
OA = OC (Radii of a circle)
OB = OD (Radii of a circle)
AB = CD (Given)
Therefore, Δ AOB ≅ Δ COD (SSS rule)
This gives ∠ AOB = ∠ COD (CPCT)
If the angles subtended by the chords of a circle at the centre are equal, then the cho
Perpendicular From The Centre To A

Let there be a circle with

TO PROVE: The line drawn through the centre of a circle
to bisect a chord is perpendicular to the chord.
PROOF: Let AB be a chord of a circle with centre O and O is
joined to the mid-point M of AB. We have to prove that OM ⊥
AB. Join OA and OB.
In triangles OAM and OBM,
OA = OB (Given)
AM = BM (Given)
OM = OM (Common)
Therefore, ΔOAM ≅ ΔOBM (SSS)
This gives ∠OMA = ∠OMB = 90° (CPCT)
Circle through Three Points

Infinite number of circle can be drawn through one or two points (Fig 1 And 2) .
TO PROVE: Equal chords of a circle (or of congruent
circles) are equidistant from the centre (or
centers).
PROOF: Take a circle of any radius.
Draw two equal chords AB and CD of it and also the
perpendiculars OM and ON on them from the centre O.
Divide the figure into two so that D falls on B and C
falls on A.
We observe that O lies on the crease and N falls on M.
Therefore, OM = ON.
Chords equidistant from the centre of a circle are equal in length.
Angle Subtended by an Arc of a Circle
TO PROVE: The angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle
subtended by it at any point on the remaining part of the circle.
PROOF: Given an arc PQ of a circle subtending angles POQ at the centre O and PAQ at a point
A on the remaining part of the circle.
Consider the three different cases arc PQ is minor(Fig 1), arc PQ is a semicircle(Fig 2) and
in arc PQ is major(Fig 3).
Let us begin by joining AO and extending it to a point B.
In all the cases, ∠ BOQ = ∠ OAQ + ∠ AQO because an exterior angle of a triangle is
equal to the sum of the two interior opposite angles.
In Δ OAQ,
OA = OQ (Radii of a circle)
Therefore, ∠ OAQ = ∠ OQA
This gives ∠ BOQ = 2 ∠ OAQ (1)
Similarly, ∠ BOP = 2 ∠ OAP (2)
From (1) and (2), ∠ BOP + ∠ BOQ = 2(∠ OAP + ∠ OAQ)
This is the same as ∠ POQ = 2 ∠ PAQ (3)
For the case (iii), where PQ is the major arc, (3) is replaced by reflex angle POQ = 2 ∠
PAQ.
TO PROVE: Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal.
PROOF: According to Theorem 6, ∠ PAQ = 1/2 ∠POQ = 1/2×180°=90°.
If we take any other point C on the semicircle, again we get that
∠PCQ = 90°(Fig 1).
Suppose we join points P and Q and form a chord PQ in the figures
used in Theorem 6. Then ∠PAQ is also called the angle formed in the
segment PAQP.
A can be any point on the remaining part of the circle. So if we take any
other point C on the remaining part of the circle, ∠POQ = 2
∠PCQ = 2 ∠PAQ
Therefore, ∠PCQ = ∠PAQ.
THANK
YOU…