RAN Alarm Monitoring and

Fault Handling

Exercises

1 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Module objectives
• After completing this module, the student is able to
• perform RAN alarm monitoring with NetAct tools, RNC EM,
MML and WBTS EM to detect faults in the RAN network.
• associate the functional units of the RNC and WBTS and is
able to outline the major task of these units
• understand the different signalling methods on the
interfaces of the RNC.
• check the state of:
• Managed objects of the RAN Radio Network
• RNC Computer units
• ATM signalling links
• CCS7 signalling links
• Hardware units of the WBTS
• With NetAct tools, RNC EM, MML and WBTS EM in
order to find the causes for fault situation.
• perform a WBTS loop test.

2 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Contents
• RAN Alarm Monitoring using:
• Netact tools
• MML
• RNC EM
• WBTS EM

• RAN RNW Management using:

• NetAct tools
• RNC EM
• WBTS EM

• Checking the signalling of the RAN network using:

• MML
• RNC EM
• WBTS EM

• Architecture of RNC and WBTS

• How to perform a WBTS Loop test

3 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 WBTS alarms
• 7650 BASE STATION FAULTY
• 7651 BASE STATION OPERATION DEGRADED
• 7652 BASE STATION NOTIFICATION
• 7653 CELL FAULTY
• 7654 CELL OPERATION DEGRADED
• 7655 CELL NOTIFICATION
• 7740 BEATING WCDMA BTS ALARM
• 7750 FAILURE IN WCDMA BTS O&M CONNECTION
• 7761 RNW O&M SCENARIO FAILURE
• 7762 RNW DATABASE OPERATION FAILURE
• 7771 WCDMA CELL OUT OF USE
• 7799 RNC RADIO NETWORK TEST ALARM

4 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 RNC Alarms
• Example: Transmission alarms
• 3900 INCOMING SDH SIGNAL MISSING
• 3902 LOSS OF FRAME
• 3904 LOSS OF ATM CELL DELINEATION
• 3910 LOSS OF IMA FRAME

• Example: Units states abnormal

• 2687 SYSTEM RESTART IN PROGRESS
• 2688 UNIT SWITCHOVER IN PROGRESS
• 2692 INCORRECT WORKING STATE
• 2693 ACTIVE UNIT FAULTY

5 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 RAN Alarm Monitoring with NetAct

6 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Change operational state and reset
WBTS
from Alarm Monitor

7 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Change operational state and reset
WBTS
from TLUI

8 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Fault Management with RNC EM

Check active alarms

MML: ZAA_

9 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Check Supplementary information with
RNC EM Fault Mgmt
• Open Alarm Information of specific alarm
from RNC EM Fault Mmgt -> Active Alarms
• Find explanation of supplementary info
field in NED -> References -> Alarms

10 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Fault Management with RNC EM

7653

Filter alarms
NetAct: FM Rule Editor
11 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke
 WCELs status from RNC-NEMU RNW Object
Browser
Operational state (only cell)

Note! Administrative state

Embedded in operational state Most critical alarm
If cell is locked BL(USR)

12 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 ATM Adaptation Layer for Control Plane
Check ATM interfaces with Check signalling with MML Class
MML Class ZA_ for ATM Layer ZN_ for CCS7 handling
Handling

Iub Iu-CS A B
Uu
BS RNC MGW MSC PSTN
UE RANAP
NBAP SCCP
UNI SAAL (AAL5) MTP3
RNSAP NNI SAAL (AAL5)
SCCP Iur
Check Iub interface MTP3 Iu-PS
RANAP
signalling with RNC
NNI SAAL (AAL5) SCCP
RNW ObjectBS RNC
MTP3
NNI SAAL (AAL5)
Browser (COCO)
NBAP
UNI SAAL (AAL5) Gn Gi
BS
SGSN GGSN IP network
UNI User Network Interface
NNI Network Node Interface
13 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke
 WBTS_RNC Cross Connections

14 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Checking the ATM interfaces
MAIN LEVEL COMMAND <___>
< ZLAI;
LOADING PROGRAM VERSION 5.4-0

INTERROGATE INTERFACE
INTERFACE ADMIN ACC OPER
ID TYPE PHY TTP STATE PROF STATE
----- ---- -------- -------- ---- --------
13 UNI 13 UNLOCKED YES ENABLED
15 UNI 15 UNLOCKED YES DISABLED
10 NNI 10 UNLOCKED YES ENABLED
11 NNI 11 UNLOCKED YES ENABLED

MSC
COMMAND EXECUTED
ATM INTERFACE HANDLING COMMAND <LA_>

ZLAI
MGW

WBTS
RNC

15 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Check the Connection Configuration
with RNC RNW Object Browser

16 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Open Alarm details (MML) from RNC
RNW Object Browser

17 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Check alarms with MML

18 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Check Supplementary information with
MML and NED
Find explanation of
supplementary info field
in NED -> References -
> Alarms

19 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 State of CCS7 signalling links
The state of the signalling link. It should
be in AV-EX. Any other state would indicate
a problem in the link.

The signalling link number. There All the signalling links between two network
should be more than one signalling elements are grouped together in a set. The set
link for redundancy. is often named according to the destination.

20 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 State of RNC computer units

The state of the computer units

should be WO-EX or SP-EX.
All other unit state are abnormal
and produce alarm 2692
“Incorrect working state” (except
for units in SE-NH).

21 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 RNC Architecture
Iu-CS E1/T1/J1 NIP1 NIS1 STM-1
Iub
ATM ATM
Iur
MXU
Iu-CS
E1/T1/J1 STM-
NIP1 NIS1 Iub
ATM ATM Iur

A2SU
ICSU
MXU
SFU

GTPU
RRMU

MXU

RSMU
DMCU
MXU
NEMU Ethernet OMU
100BaseTx TBU

FDU WDU

22 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 INTERFACE CONTROL AND
RESOURCE
RADIO
AND
SIGNALLING SWITCH
UNIT
RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT UNIT
MANAGEMENT
RNC Unit Functions SWITCHING FABRIC UNIT
MULTIPLEXER UNIT
Functions:
AAL2 SWITCHING UNIT
Functions: UNIT -Functions:
ATM Switching
Functions:
- L3 protocol functions NIU Functions: towards SFU
- Multiplexing
Characteristics:
- Functions:
RNC wide functions
- RANAP, RNSAP, NBAP 2N- redundant
AAL2 minipacket processing
--Characteristics:
- -ATM
RNC wide
switch
- RRC radio resource
management Characteristics:
- 2n redundant
management
- Characteristics:functions
DSP resource management - SN+ redundant
Characteristics:
Characteristics:
- N+1 redundant
- -2N
2Nredundant
redundant
NIU
DATA AND MACRODIVERSITY
COMBINING UNIT
NETWORK INTERFACE UNIT GPRS TUNNELING PROTOCOL UNIT
A2SU Functions:
Functions: Functions:
- AAL2 termination
- Physical layer functions DMCU - -UDP/IP
MDC termination
- ATM layer functions SFU - -GTP forwarding
MAC, RLC and PDCP functions
- Iub, Iur, Iu Characteristics:
- GTP termination
Characteristics (per PIU): GTPU - Characteristics:
SN+ redundant
- 4 STM-1 MXU
- SN+ redundant
- 16 E1 with IMA
ICSU
- No redundancy
RRMU
NETWORKAND
ELEMENT
OPERATION
TIMING AND HARDWARE MANAGEMENT UNIT
RSMU MAINTENANCE UNIT
MANAGEMENT BUS UNIT
Functions:
Functions:
Functions: - Graphical user interfaces
- RNC syncronization - O&M functions
NEMU OMU - Key database
- RNW Perfomance Indicators
- HW management - NetAct functions
interface
Characteristics: - recovery
TCP/IP Characteristics:
Characteristics:
- 2N redundant - No redundant
- 2N redundant
TBU

23 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 BTS Element Manager: Equipment View

WTR3
faulty

Alarm Pane

24 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 General Architecture of WBTS
Master
WAM
Public IP
SR-bus ST-bus address
RR-bus
WAF Carrier
WTR R-bus Interfac
WPA T-bus e
RT-bus WAM WAM
WSM

WSP

WSP

WSP
WSP

WSP

WSP
WAF Teleco
WTR WSC
WPA mMast
DSC-BUS
erWAM
WAF
WTR
WPA
WSM WAM WAM AXU

WSP

WSP

WSP
WSP

WSP

WSP
WAF
WTR
WPA
DSC-BUS CNBAP
Iub
WAF
WTR IFU
IFU
WPA IFU OSS/
WSM WAM WAM remote
WSP

WSP

WSP
WSP

WSP

WSP
WAF
WTR BTS
WPA
DSC-BUS
Manag
er

25 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 WCDMA Loop Test Signal Path

26 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Perform a WBTS Loop Test

27 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Check the result of the WBT Loop test

28 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Check AXC configuration with AXC EM

29 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke

 Check the AXC reachability

By pinging the AXC with its IP-address using MML command ZQRX, the
reachability of the AXC from RNC can be checked. If the AXC can be
accessed, you should also be able to open the AXC Element Manager.
30 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke
 Further Reading

31 © NOKIA 13-461292 v1.0/ B.Baacke