GERUND

What Is Gerund?

A gerund is a verbal that is used as

a noun and has an - ing ending
How To Form a Gerund

Verb + ing

Examples:
Study+ing= Studying
Walk+ing=Walking
Talk+ing=Talking
 The Function of Gerund
l. Gerund as subject
2. Gerund as direct object
3. Gerund as subject of complement
4. Gerund as appositive
5. Gerund as object of preposition
6. Etc.
 As the subject of sentence
◦ Examples :
I. Reading is my hobby.
II. Smoking is bad for your health.
III. Running is good for your health.
IV. Teaching is a noble profession.
 As the direct object of the sentence
◦ Examples :
1. He loves hunting
2. They finish speaking
3. I don’t like smoking
4. Susan and maria enjoy dancing
 As the subject of complement
Examples :
1. One of his worst habit is telling lies
2. What she like is watching the children play
3. My favorite spare time is singing
4. Her hobby is writing
 As the Appositive ( keterangan
tambahan) Of the Sentence
◦ Examples :
1. He has a bad habit, gambling.
2. That difficult work, sawing hard wood, makes him exhausted
3. Her hobby ,swimming, has helped to keep her healthy
 Used after possesive pronoun or
adjective
◦ Examples :
1. I dont mind with your living here
2. I can understand his feeling angry
 Used as object of Preposition
◦ Examples :
1. Before leaving the house, I locked the door
2. After washing the rice, Mary cook it
3. They are interested in painting
Used after
 Verb + Preposition
Accused of insist on worry about
Approve of keep on etc.
Count on put off
Depend on rely on
Give up suceed in
Go on dream about

Example: Fauzan give up cheating on exam

 Noun + Preposition
Choice of art of etc.
Excuse of importance of
Method of reason for
Idea of honour of
Intention of habit of
Possibility of chance of

Example : acil and alis have no excuse for dropping out of school
 Adjective + Preposition
Accustomed of capable of sucessful in
Afraid of intent on tired in
Fond of interested in etc.

Example : bopeng tired of doing the same mistakes

 Some Specific Verb
Admit advise Keep Discuss
Mention Stop Mind Suggest
Avoid Enjoy Miss Complete
Finish Remember Undestand Etc

Example : They enjoy playing football

 How to form gerund?
A. If the base form (verb-1) ended with –e, remove it and then add –ing
Example : come coming
B. If the base form ended with –ee, then just add –ing without remove the “-e’’
Example : agree agreeing
C. If the base form ended with consonant word ( except h, w, x, y) that is followed by
one vocal word, then the consonant word must be written double then add the –ing
Example : beg begging
D. Some base form verb that is ended by –ie, then change it with –y and then add –ing
Example : die dying
F. If the base form verb ended with –y, just add the –ing
Example : carry carrying
 ◦

Question
Because of the on going dispute, the politicians rests the president’s ………. for hearing
the session on a cabinet reshuffles .
a. to call
b. Calls
c. Called
d. Calling
e. be calling

Jawaban: D
 2. My brother is interested in.......... Choreography
A. Learning after noun + preposition
B. Learning after adjective + preposition
C. Learning after verb + preposition
D. Learning subject of complement
E. Learning object of sentence

Jawaban : B
 3. The police kept on... question to find out the truth
A. Asking noun + preposition
B. Asking subject of complement
C. Asking object of preposition
D. Asking possesive pronoun
E. Asking object of sentence

Jawaban : C
 4. He can’t stop ......... The same question
A. Asking specific verb
B. Asking subject of sentence
C. Asking subject of complement
D. Asking object of sentence
E. Asking possesive adjective

Jawaban : A
 5. There’s a chance of ......... your bad personalities
A. Changing adjective + preposition
B. Changing subject of complement
C. Changing object of preposition
D. Changing noun + preposition
E. Changing specific verb

Jawaban : D
◦ 6. Her duty, ............. the house, is very boring.
A. Cleaning verb + preposition
B. Cleaning Noun + preposition
C. Cleaning Adjective + preposition
D. Cleaning As the Appositive
E. Cleaning specific verb

Jawaban : D
7. What is the correct rules to form a gerund
I. Bully Bulying
II. Kill Kiling
III. Waste wasteing
IV. Agree Agreeing
A. I,II,and III correct
B. I and III correct
C. II and IV correct
D. Just IV correct
E. All correct
Jawaban : D
8. Gerund can act as the subject and the object of sentence
Because
Gerund is a verbal that is used as an adjective

A. First and second statement correct, it is related

B. First and second statement correct, it is not related
C. First statement correct and the second one false
D. First statement false and the second one correct
E. First and second statement false

Jawaban : c
◦ 9. Bagas : what kind of activities do you like to do?
Sita : ........ Is my favourite activity
Bagas : that’s wonderful
A. Changing adjective + preposition
B. Changing subject of complement
C. Changing object of preposition
D. Changing noun + preposition
E. Changing subject of sentence

Jawaban : E
10. I wanted to go to mexico, but i dont have enough money. I’m so sad until sally see
A B C D

me and suggested to go to Hawaii

E

Jawaban : E