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Excel 101

An Introduction to Excel
ZS Associates
September 2017
This presentation is solely for the use of ZS Associates personnel. No part of it may be circulated, quoted or
reproduced for distribution outside of ZS Associates without prior written approval of ZS Associates.

ZS Associates
847.492.3600 Tel
www.zsassociates.com
Required Materials

Please ensure you have the Excel 101 training materials on your
computer

 Training materials for this session may have already been loaded on your laptops
– If not, download all files from the case study link in the BPMS page:-fs01\data\January
2012\Excel 101 - Introduction to Excel
• If you can’t access the network, raise your hand and we will bring you a USB drive with
the files

© 2011 ZS Associates 2 Excel 101


Agenda

Agenda

 Introduction and Objectives 15mins


 Fundamental Workbook Concepts 45mins
 Summary, Logical and Text Functions 45mins
 Break 10mins
 Lookup Functions 45mins
 Pivot Tables 50mins
 Conclusion 15mins

© 2011 ZS Associates 3 Excel 101


Introduction to Excel

Let’s take a quick poll…

 Who has never used Excel before?

 Who has worked with Excel for less than 2 months?


– Less than a year?
– More than a year?

 What is your impression of Excel?

 When have you used it?

© 2011 ZS Associates 4 Excel 101


Introduction to Excel

Excel is integral to our work at ZS

An understanding of Excel is essential for new ZSers to


succeed at the firm

• Many new employees have never used Excel


• ZS employs unique techniques that will be new to most
experienced Excel users

Excel 101 introduces ZS methodologies, forming a foundation


for further Excel training sessions to build upon

© 2011 ZS Associates 5 Excel 101


Introduction to Excel

Goals for Excel 101

By the end of this session you will be able to:

 Create and format graphs


 Use logical and lookup functions
 Create and format Pivot Tables to rearrange and summarize data
 Locate additional reference sources when needed

© 2011 ZS Associates 6 Excel 101


Introduction to Excel

You will use excel to make charts and graphs to make data
easier to understand

© 2011 ZS Associates 7 Excel 101


Agenda

Agenda

 Introduction and Objectives 15mins


 Fundamental Workbook Concepts 45mins
 Summary, Logical and Text Functions 45mins
 Break 10mins
 Lookup Functions 45mins
 Pivot Tables 50mins
 Conclusion 15mins

© 2011 ZS Associates 8 Excel 101


Fundamental Concepts

Learning Objectives: Fundamental Workbook Concepts

 By the end of this section, you will be able to:


– Use relative and absolute cell references to create more effective
formulas
– Sort, graph, format, and name data ranges

We will now go through a 15 minute demo in excel

© 2011 ZS Associates 9 Excel 101


Fundamental Concepts

Use what you have learned to work through these exercises, we are
here to help

 In this section, you learned how to:


– Use relative and absolute cell references to create more effective
formulas
– Sort, graph, format, and name data ranges

 Exercises
– Workbook Concepts 1
– Workbook Concepts 2
 Advanced Practice
– workbookconcepts_101.xls

© 2011 ZS Associates  10  Excel 101


Agenda

Agenda

 Introduction and Objectives 15mins


 Fundamental Workbook Concepts 45mins
 Summary, Logical and Text Functions 45mins
 Break 10mins
 Lookup Functions 45mins
 Pivot Tables 50mins
 Conclusion 15mins

© 2011 ZS Associates  11  Excel 101


Summary, Logical and Text Functions

Use Summary, Logical and Text Functions to work through these


exercises, we are here to help

 By the end of this section, you will be able to:


– Evaluate data using summary functions
– Utilize logical functions to determine if data satisfies specified criteria
– Apply text functions to manipulate text strings

 Exercises
– Summary Functions
– Logical Functions
– Text Functions
 Advanced Practice
– functions_101.xls

The functions are described in the following slides and in the


excel help menu

© 2011 ZS Associates  12  Excel 101


Summary, Logical and Text Functions

Summary functions perform arithmetic on a specified range of


cells

Function Syntax Comments


SUM SUM(range) Returns the sum of the values in the range
AVERAGE AVERAGE(range) Returns the average of all numerical values in the range
COUNT COUNT(range) Returns the number of cells in the range which contain
numerical values (ignores text, characters, blanks, etc.)
COUNTA COUNTA(range) Counts all nonblank cells in the range, including text,
characters, error values, etc.
COUNTBLANK COUNTBLANK(range) Counts all blank cells in the range
COUNTIF COUNTIF(range, criteria) Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the
given criteria
SUMIF SUMIF(criteria_range, criteria, Returns the sum of the values in the sum_range whose
sum_range) corresponding cells in the criteria_range meet the criteria
specified

© 2011 ZS Associates  13  Excel 101


Summary, Logical and Text Functions

Logical functions implement boolean logic to QC data

Function Syntax Comments


IF IF(logical_test, if_true, if_false) Returns if_true if the logical_test evaluates to TRUE and
if_false if it evaluates to FALSE
AND AND(logical1, logical2,...) Returns TRUE if all arguments are TRUE; returns
FALSE if any arguments are FALSE
OR OR(logical1, logical2,…) Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE; returns FALSE
if all arguments are FALSE
NOT NOT(logical) Reverses the boolean value of its argument

© 2011 ZS Associates  14  Excel 101


Summary, Logical and Text Functions

Text functions format text strings

Function Syntax Comments


LEFT LEFT(text, num_characters) Returns the leftmost num_characters in the text string
RIGHT RIGHT(text, num_characters) Returns the rightmost num_characters in the text string
MID MID(text, start_num, Returns the leftmost num_characters in the text string,
num_characters) starting at the start_num position
LEN LEN(text) Returns the number of characters in the text string
TEXT TEXT(value, format) Converts the value to a text string in the format
specified
VALUE VALUE(text) Converts the text string to a number format
CONCATENATE CONCATENATE (text1, text2, …) Joins multiple text strings into one text string
CONCATENATE text1 & text2 Joins multiple text strings into one text string

© 2011 ZS Associates  15  Excel 101


Agenda

Agenda

 Introduction and Objectives 15mins


 Fundamental Workbook Concepts 45mins
 Summary, Logical and Text Functions 45mins
 Break 10mins
 Lookup Functions 45mins
 Pivot Tables 50mins
 Conclusion 15mins

© 2011 ZS Associates  16  Excel 101


Agenda

Agenda

 Introduction and Objectives 15mins


 Fundamental Workbook Concepts 45mins
 Summary, Logical and Text Functions 45mins
 Break 10mins
 Lookup Functions 45mins
 Pivot Tables 50mins
 Conclusion 15mins

© 2011 ZS Associates  17  Excel 101


Lookup Functions

Use lookup functions to work through these exercises, we are


here to help

 By the end of this section, you will be able to:


– Construct lookup functions to access data in other tables
– Use INDEX-MATCH to create flexible lookup functions

 Exercises
– Lookup Functions
 Advanced Practice
– lookup_101.xls

The functions are described in the following slides and in the


excel help menu

© 2011 ZS Associates  18  Excel 101


Lookup Functions

Lookup functions allow you to find the value of a certain field in a


dataset

Function Syntax Comments


VLOOKUP VLOOKUP(lookup_value, Searches for lookup_value in the leftmost column of
lookup_range, offset_column, lookup_range and returns the value in offset_column
type) corresponding to the first matched value
INDEX INDEX (range, row, column) Returns the value in range at the specified row and
column
MATCH MATCH (lookup_value, Returns the relative position of lookup_value in
lookup_range, type) lookup_range

© 2011 ZS Associates  19  Excel 101


Agenda

Agenda

 Introduction and Objectives 15mins


 Fundamental Workbook Concepts 45mins
 Summary, Logical and Text Functions 45mins
 Break 10mins
 Lookup Functions 45mins
 Pivot Tables 50mins
 Conclusion 15mins

© 2011 ZS Associates  20  Excel 101


Pivot Tables

Use Pivot tables as a quick and easy way to summarize data in


these excersises, we are here to help

 By the end of this section, you will be able to:


– Use Pivot Tables to summarize data
– Manipulate Pivot Tables in order to perform more specific analyses
– Format Pivot Tables to make them easier to read
– Describe some common uses of Pivot Tables

 Exercises
– Pivot Tables
 Advanced Practice
– pivot_101.xls

The functions are described in the following slides and in the


excel help menu

© 2011 ZS Associates  21  Excel 101


Agenda

Agenda

 Introduction and Objectives 15mins


 Fundamental Workbook Concepts 45mins
 Summary, Logical and Text Functions 45mins
 Break 10mins
 Lookup Functions 45mins
 Pivot Tables 50mins
 Conclusion 15mins

© 2011 ZS Associates  22  Excel 101


Conclusion

Learning Objectives: Conclusion

 By the end of this section, you will be able to:


– Locate an appropriate reference when you have an Excel question
– Name several “tips and tricks” for working with Excel

© 2011 ZS Associates  23  Excel 101


Conclusion

There are many Excel resources

 Excel help (F1)


 Google
 Your project team
 Excel group on ZSpace
– http://zspace/clearspace/groups/excel
 Any experienced ZSer
 ZS Excel training materials on ZSpace

© 2011 ZS Associates  24  Excel 101


Conclusion

Keep these general tips in mind

 Know when and when not to use Excel


– Data can often be better handled in Access or SAS
 Use cell references as much as possible
– Avoid hard-coding numbers
 Save your workbook frequently
 Develop a QC process and implement it frequently
 Utilize LEX and Excel shortcuts

 Seek help if you are unsure

© 2011 ZS Associates  25  Excel 101


Conclusion

Excel tricks often used at ZS

 Select an entire column (Ctrl + Space) or row (Shift + Space)


 Use the Advanced Filter (Alt > D > F > A) to create unique lists
 View a list of unique text values in a column using Alt + Down

 Switch between manual and automatic calculation mode


 Easily insert named ranges into formulas using F3
 Use F4 to apply most recently used formatting to other cells

 Keep chart titles and axes dynamic by linking them to cells


 Use the camera tool on the formula auditing toolbar to create snapshots of
graphs that won’t resize with columns or rows

© 2011 ZS Associates  26  Excel 101


Conclusion

Excel 101 forms a foundation for further development

Recommended Audience
Training Prerequisites M = Mandatory,
O = Optional
Excel 101
All associates, ACs, Consultants (M)
(Basic Excel)

Excel 151 EU Business analysts (M)


(Spreadsheet Excel 101
Design) All Associates, ACs, Consultants (M)

Excel 201 All Associates, ACs (M)


Excel 101
(Advanced Excel) Consultants (O)

OR/BIS, EU Business analysts (M)


VBA 101
Excel 101
(Basic VBA)
All associates, ACs, Consultants (O)

VBA 201
VBA 101 All associates, ACs, Consultants (O)
(Advanced VBA)

© 2011 ZS Associates  27  Excel 101


Conclusion

Have you reached the objectives of this training?

 Raise your hand if you know how to:


– Create and format graphs
– Use logical and lookup functions
– Create and format Pivot Tables to rearrange and summarize data
– Locate additional reference sources when needed

© 2011 ZS Associates  28  Excel 101


Appendix

Appendix

 Excel Short cuts


 Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts
 Self Learn - Lookup Functions
 Self Learn - Pivot Tables

© 2011 ZS Associates  29  Excel 101


Appendix

Excel Keyboard Shortcuts (1 of 5)

Alone Shift+ Ctrl+ Ctrl+Shift+ Alt+


F1 Help Context Help F11
F2 Formula Bar Edit a Cell Note Show Info Window F12
F3 Paste Function Wizard Define Name Create Names
F4 Refer/Repeat Find Next Close Find Previous Exit
F5 Goto Find Restore
F6 Next Pane Previous Pane Next Window Prev Window
F7 Check Spelling Move
F8 Extend Toggle Add Mode Toggle Size
F9 Calculate Calculate Sheet Minimize Workbook
F10 Menu Bar Shortcut Menu Maximize Workbook
F11 New Chart New Worksheet Excel 4 Macro Sheet
F12 Save As Save Open Print

© 2011 ZS Associates  30  Excel 101


Appendix

Excel Keyboard Shortcuts (2 of 5)

Ctrl + Insert Ctrl } Select All Dependents Alt Enter Carriage Return
Ctrl - Delete Ctrl ] Select Direct Dependents Ctrl Alt Tab Tab
Ctrl { Select All Precedents Ctrl Del Clear to end of Line
Workbook Ctrl [ Select Direct Precedents Ctrl Shift Del Cut to end of Line
Ctrl N New Ctrl ? Select Notes
Ctrl O Open Ctrl \ Select Row Differences Other
Ctrl P Print Ctrl | Select Column Differences Ctrl F Find
Ctrl S Save Alt ; Select Visible Cells Ctrl H Replace
Ctrl W Close Ctrl G Goto
Ctrl Pg Up Next Sheet in Workbook Formatting Ctrl Z Undo/Redo
Alt
Ctrl Pg Down Prev Sheet in Workbook Ctrl 1 Format Cells Bkspace Undo/Redo
Ctrl 2, Ctrl B Bold Alt Enter Repeat
Display Ctrl 3, Ctrl I Italic Ctrl Y Repeat
Ctrl 7 Show/Hide Std Toolbar Ctrl 4, Ctrl U Underline Ctrl R Fill Right
Ctrl 8 Show/Hide Outline Symbols Ctrl 5 Strike through Ctrl D Fill Down
Ctrl 9 Hide Selected Rows Alt ' Style Box Ctrl Tab Next Window
Ctrl 0 Hide Selected Columns Ctrl & Add Outline Border Ctrl Shift Tab Previous Window
Ctrl ( Display Selected Rows Ctrl _ Remove All Borders
Ctrl ) Display Selected Columns
Ctrl ` Display formulas/values

© 2011 ZS Associates  31  Excel 101


Excel Keyboard Shortcuts (3 of 5)

CTRL+ARROW Moves to the edge of the current data region in a worksheet


SHIFT+ARROW Extends the selection of cells by one cell
CTRL+SHIFT+ARR Extends the selection of cells to the last nonblank cell in the same column or row as the active cell
OW
CTRL+END Moves to the last cell on a worksheet, in the lowest used row of the rightmost used column
CTRL+SHIFT+END Extends the selection of cells to the last used cell on the worksheet (lower-right corner)
CTRL+$ Applies the Currency format with two decimal places (negative numbers in parentheses).
CTRL+% Applies the Percentage format with no decimal places.
CTRL+^ Applies the Exponential number format with two decimal places.
CTRL+# Applies the Date format with the day, month, and year.
CTRL+@ Applies the Time format with the hour and minute, and AM or PM.
CTRL+! Applies the Number format with two decimal places, thousands separator, and minus sign (-) for negative values.
CTRL+- Displays the Delete dialog box to delete the selected cells.
CTRL+* Selects the current region around the active cell (the data area enclosed by blank rows and blank column)
CTRL+: Enters the current time.
CTRL+; Enters the current date.
CTRL+` Alternates between displaying cell values and displaying formulas in the worksheet.
CTRL+' Copies a formula from the cell above the active cell into the cell or the Formula Bar.
CTRL+" Copies the value from the cell above the active cell into the cell or the Formula Bar.
CTRL++ Displays the Insert dialog box to insert blank cells.

CTRL+1 Displays the Format Cells dialog box.


CTRL+2 Applies or removes bold formatting.
CTRL+3 Applies or removes italic formatting.
CTRL+4 Applies or removes underlining.
CTRL+5 Applies or removes strikethrough.
CTRL+6 Alternates between hiding objects, displaying objects, and displaying placeholders for objects.
CTRL+7 Displays or hides the Standard toolbar.
CTRL+8 Displays or hides the outline symbols.
CTRL+9 Hides the selected rows.
CTRL+0 Hides the selected columns.
CTRL+A Selects the entire worksheet. If the worksheet contains data, CTRL+A selects the current region. Pressing CTRL+A a second time selects the
entire worksheet.

CTRL+B
© 2011 ZS Associates
Applies or removes bold formatting. 32 Excel 101
Excel Keyboard Shortcuts (4 of 5)

CTRL+C Copies the selected cells. CTRL+C followed by another CTRL+C displays the Microsoft Office Clipboard.
CTRL+D Uses the Fill Down command to copy the contents and format of the topmost cell of a selected range into the cells below.
CTRL+F Displays the Find dialog box. Shift+F5 also displays the dialog box, while SHIFT+F4 repeats the last Find action
CTRL+G Displays the Go To Dialog box. F5 also displays the box

CTRL+H Displays the Find and Replace dialog box.


CTRL+I Applies or removes italic formatting.
CTRL+K Displays the Insert Hyperlink dialog box for new hyperlinks or the Edit Hyperlink dialog box for selected existing hyperlinks.
CTRL+L Displays the Create List dialog box.
CTRL+N Creates a new, blank file.
CTRL+O Displays the Open dialog box to open or find a file. CTRL+SHIFT+O selects all cells that contain comments
CTRL+P Displays the Print dialog box.
CTRL+R Uses the Fill Right command to copy the contents and format of the leftmost cell of a selected range into the cells to the right.
CTRL+S Saves the active file with its current file name, location, and file format.
CTRL+U Applies or removes underlining.
CTRL+V Inserts the contents of the Clipboard at the insertion point and replaces any selection. Available only after you cut or copied an object,
text, or cell contents.
CTRL+W Closes the selected workbook window.
CTRL+X Cuts the selected cells.
CTRL+Y Repeats the last command or action, if possible.
CTRL+Z Uses the Undo command to reverse the last command or to delete the last entry you typed. CTRL+SHIFT+Z uses the Undo or Redo
command to reverse or restore the last automatic correction when AutoCorrect Smart Tags are displayed.

© 2011 ZS Associates 33 Excel 101


Excel Keyboard Shortcuts (5 of 5)

Other Combination Keys


ALT+ENTER Starts a new line in the same cell (Carriage return)
CTRL+ENTER Fills the selected cell range with the current entry
SHIFT+ENTER Completes a cell entry and selects the cell above
CTRL+HOME Moves to the beginning of a worksheet
CTRL+SHIFT+HOME extends the selection of cells to the beginning of the worksheet
ALT+PAGE DOWN Moves one screen to the right in a worksheet
CTRL+PAGE DOWN Moves to the next sheet in a workbook
CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE Selects the current and next sheet in a workbook
DOWN
ALT+PAGE UP Moves one screen to the left in a worksheet
CTRL+PAGE UP Moves to the previous sheet in a workbook
CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE UP Selects the current and previous sheet in a workbook
CTRL+SPACEBAR Selects an entire column in a worksheet
SHIFT+SPACEBAR Selects an entire row in a worksheet
CTRL+ Selects the entire worksheet
SHIFT+SPACEBAR
ALT+SPACEBAR Displays the Control menu for the Excel window
SHIFT+TAB Moves to the previous cell in a worksheet or the previous option in a dialog box
CTRL+TAB Switches to the next tab in a dialog box
CTRL+SHIFT+TAB Switches to the previous tab in a dialog box.
CTRL+SHIFT+> Increase font size of selection
CTRL+SHIFT+< Decrease font size of selection

© 2011 ZS Associates 34 Excel 101


Appendix

A well customized “Quick Access” toolbar can reduce the time spent
going through menus

 Excel has additional commands that are not available in the basic menu
structure

© 2011 ZS Associates  35  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts

An Excel workbook contains several different components

Tool Bars

Formula
Name Box Bar
Column &
“Cell” E4
Row
Headers

“Range” B7:E10

Worksheet
Tabs
© 2011 ZS Associates  36  Excel 101
Appendix

Appendix

 Excel Short cuts


 Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts
 Self Learn - Lookup Functions
 Self Learn - Pivot Tables

© 2011 ZS Associates  37  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts

Cells contain either values or formulas

 Values are static pieces of data


– Numbers, text, dates …
– 1729, “Hello world”, 1/23/2006
 Formulas can include functions and references
– Functions are commands that perform calculations
• =SUM(A3:A5)
• =IF(A1>0.5, “Top Half”, “Bottom Half”)
– References link to other cells that store data
– Formulas can reference values returned by other formulas

“SUM” is the formula


C2:C5 and D2:D5 are
the references

© 2011 ZS Associates  38  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts

By default, cell references are relative to the cell that contains


them

 Copying a formula with relative references results in a formula referring to


cells relative to the position of the new formula

Copy Down

© 2011 ZS Associates  39  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts

Use absolute references if you want to “lock in” the cells referred
to

 Absolute cell references remain the same when copied

Copy Down

 Use the dollar sign ($) to make references absolute


– A1 row and column will update when copied
– $A$1 neither the row nor the column will update when copied
– $A1 row will update but column will not
– A$1 column will update but row will not

Easy way to remember is the $ precedes the portion it is “locking”

© 2011 ZS Associates  40  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts

Assign names to cells to improve flexibility and understanding

 Named cells can be referenced by their names in formulas and VBA code
 From the menu bar select: Formulas > Define Name > Define Name
– 2007 Shortcut: Alt > M > M > D
– 2003 Shortcut: Alt > I > N > D
– Another option is to enter the name in the Name Box

 Commonly named ranges


– Entire database Name Box

– Top row
– Column containing unique key

© 2011 ZS Associates  41  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts

Sorting data can make it easier to understand

1. Select (highlight) the data


2. From the menu bar select: Data > Sort
• 2007 Shortcut: Alt > A > S
• 2003 Shortcut: Alt > D > S
3. Specify sort criteria in the dialog box

© 2011 ZS Associates  42  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts

AutoFilter allows you to quickly find important records

 Drill-down on data
 Very useful QC tool
 From the menu bar select: Data > Filter
– 2007 Shortcut: Alt > A > T
– 2003 Shortcut: Alt > D > F > F

Unfiltered

Filtered

© 2011 ZS Associates  43  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts

Format cells to improve readability

 From the menu bar select:


– 2007 Shortcut: Alt > H > FM
– 2003 Shortcut: Alt > O > E
– Another option is to right click and select “Format cells…”

© 2011 ZS Associates  44  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts

Charts and graphs are an excellent way to communicate results

 Excel has an easy to use “Wizard” for creating graphs


 From the menu bar select: Insert > Chart
– 2007 Shortcut: Alt > N > K (There are other initials you can enter if you know the
type of chart you want to use – K brings up the full list)
– 2003 Shortcut: Alt > I > H

© 2011 ZS Associates  45  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts

Freezing Panes helps manage large data sets without hiding


data

 Freezing Panes fixes the upper-left rows and columns in place


– Does not affect formulas or graphs
 With data range highlighted, select: View > Freeze Panes
– 2007 Shortcut: Alt > W > F
– 2003 Shortcut: Alt > W > F

Top Row “frozen” so


column headers are
always in view

© 2011 ZS Associates  46  Excel 101


Appendix

Appendix

 Excel Short cuts


 Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts
 Self Learn - Lookup Functions
 Self Learn - Pivot Tables

© 2011 ZS Associates  47  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Lookup Functions

VLOOKUP is commonly used to quickly check data in a simple


table

 VLOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_range, offset_column, type)


– lookup_value is the value to be found in the leftmost column of lookup_range
– lookup_range is the table containing the lookup_value
– offset_column is the column number in lookup_range of the data to return
– type specifies the match type
• 0 (FALSE) for an exact match, is almost always used
• 1 (TRUE) for an approximate match

 =VLOOKUP(“A02”, A1:C5, 3, 0)
 = 1,700

© 2011 ZS Associates  48  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Lookup Functions

INDEX returns the value at the specified row and column in a


table

 Index(range, row, column)


– range is the table containing the value to return
– row and column indicate which value to pull from range
 = INDEX(A1:C5, 4, 2)
 = 180
 Row and column can be determined using MATCH

© 2011 ZS Associates  49  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Lookup Functions

MATCH returns the position of a value in a one-dimensional


range

 MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_range, type)


– lookup_value is the value to be found in lookup_range
– lookup_range is the row or column containing the lookup_value
– type specifies the match type
• 0 (FALSE) for an exact match, is almost always used
• 1 for the largest value less than or equal to lookup_value
• lookup_range must be sorted in ascending order
• -1 for the smallest value greater than or equal to lookup_value
• lookup_range must be sorted in descending order

 =MATCH("A03", A1:A5, 0)
 =4

© 2011 ZS Associates  50  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Lookup Functions

A combination of INDEX and MATCH is the preferred lookup


method

 INDEX-MATCH is more flexible than VLOOKUP


– Can locate data to the left of the column containing the key field
– Updates when data is inserted, removed, or reordered

 =INDEX(A1:C5, MATCH("A03", A1:A5, 0), MATCH("Details", A1:C1, 0))


 = 1,500

© 2011 ZS Associates  51  Excel 101


Appendix

Appendix

 Excel Short cuts


 Appendix Self Learn - Fundamental Concepts
 Self Learn - Lookup Functions
 Self Learn - Pivot Tables

© 2011 ZS Associates  52  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

PivotTables are created from the “Insert” tab

1 Insert > Pivot Table > Table

2007 Shortcut: Alt > N > V > T

2
Select the specific source of the data
 Default source is the current region in
Excel
 Only contiguous rectangular ranges
are allowed
 Field names must be at the top of
each column
 Duplicate field names will have a
number added to the end within the
PivotTable
Select the location where Excel
will place the new pivot table
 When placing on an existing worksheet,
the top-left corner of the PivotTable is
selected
© 2011 ZS Associates  53  Excel 101
Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

Drag and drop row fields, column fields, and data items from the
Pivot Table field list into the pivot table template on the worksheet

Create the layout of the table


3

• Unique values for the row fields and


column fields will be listed in the
PivotTable
• Values will be totaled and displayed
in the table

© 2011 ZS Associates  54  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

Once a PivotTable is created, the fields can be reorganized by


dragging & dropping

The pivot table field list will automatically appear when you click anywhere
within the pivot table
© 2011 ZS Associates  55  Excel 101
Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

PivotTables offer many options

4 (Optional) Specify any special options or formatting

Available Options:

• Page, row, and column field options

• Data field options

• Entire PivotTable options

• Combining related rows or columns into groups

• Customizing the format of the PivotTable

© 2011 ZS Associates  56  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables
Page, row, and column field options can be set by right-clicking
the field within the table and selecting “Field Settings…”

Rename
fields

Add
subtotals

Omit rows
and columns
with no data

© 2011 ZS Associates  57  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

Data field options are set for the data fields in the same manner,
but the possible options differ

Rename
fields
Change summary
method

Change data
display method

Change
number format

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Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

Options related to the entire PivotTable can be set in the “Table


Options” menu (right click anywhere in table)

Some Useful Options:


 Naming the table (if
accessed by VBA)
 Grand totals for columns
 Grand totals for rows
 Set empty cell results

© 2011 ZS Associates  59  Excel 101


Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

Different categories can be dynamically combined with the “Group and


Show Detail” function

Step 1: Highlight the


fields you want to group
Step 2: Right-click and
select “Group”

Step 3: Change name of the


group
Step 4 (optional):
Add subtotals by
right-clicking within
the new field

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Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

Format control for PivotTables is very flexible

 The format of individual cells (number format, bold, etc) can be set in the
same way that normal Excel cells are formatted

 Right click on a field to expand


or collapse for easier viewing

 A predefined template can also be


applied by selecting an appropriate
table design from the “Design Tab”

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Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

A PivotTable is an interactive tool that summarizes information from


Excel or external databases

 View and manipulate data quickly in various ways


 Requires less memory than formulas calculated from a dataset

Page field Row field Column field

Data field

Outer Row field

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Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

Four main topics will be covered to help you start using


PivotTables effectively

 Creation
 Available options
 Refreshing data
 Everyday uses

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Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

It is important to understand when the data shown in the


PivotTable is refreshed

 If you change the source data, the PivotTable will not automatically refresh
 You must explicitly tell the PivotTable to refresh by either:
– Selecting Options > Refresh while the cursor is located in the PivotTable
– Right-clicking within the PivotTable and selecting Refresh Data

 Multiple PivotTables can be linked to the same source data


– If any of these PivotTables are refreshed, all will be refreshed

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Appendix Self Learn - Pivot Tables

There are many potential uses for PivotTables

 In a database with MSA’s, you want to find out how many MSA’s were in the
database
– Put MSA as a Row Field and MSA as a Data Field using “Count of”
– The unique list of MSA’s will be your rows
 You created a DBF file, but the control totals did not match
– Since you used a PivotTable to check your numbers the first time, you
can point the old PivotTable at new data to check them again
 You do not like the order in a list, but do not want to change the underlying
data
– Make a PivotTable and reorder the items in the table

© 2011 ZS Associates  65  Excel 101


Laura Palencia: Introduction to Excel
delete they will figure out these things as they
use excel
Excel is a highly interactive data summary and analysis tool

Excel is:
 Intuitive – Learn faster than other database tools

 Visual - Graph and tabulate data

 Flexible – Create customized tools and applications

 Dynamic – See results of updates immediately

 Programmable – Utilize Visual Basic for Applications

© 2011 ZS Associates  66  Excel 101


Laura Palencia: Introduction to Excel
I think we can remove this slide it does not
ZSers use Excel on a regular basis to analyze data and display
mean anything to the new people

results

 Implement analyses when data is not large


– Less than ~40,000 records
– Territory or rep-level data
 Display results of analyses performed in SAS or Access
 Develop interactive VBA-driven tools, models, and reports for clients

© 2011 ZS Associates  67  Excel 101


Laura Palencia: Introduction to Excel
This is not useful.
While Excel has many uses, it is important to know when you
should use other tools

Excel is NOT
 A database manipulation tool
 Equipped to deal with large datasets
 Suitable for merging large datasets

In these cases, consider using SAS or Access

© 2011 ZS Associates  68  Excel 101

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