STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE

By: Alejandra Vázquez Pérez nº19

 INDEX
• 1º The strength…………………………………………………………………….3
• 2º The endurance………………………………………………………………...4
• 3º Development of the concept strength…………………………………...5
• 4º Development of te concept endurance…………………………………6
• 5º The forces………………………………………………………………………..7,8
• 6º How to increase endurance…………………………………………………9
• 7º My injury………………………………………………………………………….10
 THE STRENGTH
In physics, a force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the
motion of an object. A force can cause an object with mass to change its
velocity (which includes to begin moving from a state of rest), i.e., to
accelerate. Force can also be described intuitively as a push or a pull.
A force has both magnitude and direction, making it a vector quantity. It is
measured in the SI unit of newtons and represented by the symbol F.
 THE ENDURANCE
• Endurance (also related to sufferance, resilience, constitution, fortitude, and
hardiness) is the ability of an organism to exert itself and remain active for a
long period of time, as well as its ability to resist, withstand, recover from, and
have immunity to trauma, wounds, or fatigue. It is usually used in aerobic or
anaerobic exercise.
• The definition of 'long' varies according to the type of exertion – minutes for
high intensity anaerobic exercise, hours or days for low intensity aerobic
exercise. Training for endurance can reduce the ability to exert endurance
strengthunless an individual also undertakes resistance training to counteract
this effect.
 Development of the concept
strength
• Philosophers in antiquity used the concept of force in the study of stationary and
moving objects and simple machines, but thinkers such as Aristotle and Archimedes
retained fundamental errors in understanding force. In part this was due to an
incomplete understanding of the sometimes non-obvious force of friction, and a
consequently inadequate view of the nature of natural motion. A fundamental error
was the belief that a force is required to maintain motion, even at a constant
velocity.

• Most of the previous misunderstandings about motion and force were eventually
corrected by Galileo Galilei and Sir Isaac Newton. With his mathematical insight, Sir
Isaac Newton formulated laws of motion that were not improved for nearly three
hundred years.

• By the early 20th century, Einstein developed a theory of relativity that correctly
predicted the action of forces on objects with increasing momenta near the speed of
light, and also provided insight into the forces produced by gravitation and inertia.
 Development of the concept
endurance
• When a person is able to accomplish or withstand a higher amount of effort than their
original capabilities their endurance is increasing which to many personnel indicates
progress. In looking to improve ones endurance they may slowly increase the amount of
repetitions or time spent, if higher repetitions are taken rapidly muscle strength improves
while less endurance is gained.
• Increasing endurance has been proven to release endorphins resulting in a positive
mind. The act of gaining endurance through physical activity has been shown to
decrease anxiety, depression, and stress, or any chronic disease in total.
• Although a greater endurance can assist the cardiovascular system it does not imply
that any cardiovascular disease can be guaranteed to improve.
• "The major metabolic consequences of the adaptations of muscle to endurance
exercise are a slower utilization of muscle glycogen and blood glucose, a greater
reliance on fat oxidation, and less lactate production during exercise of a given
intensity."
• The term stamina is sometimes used synonymously and interchangeably with endurance.
In military settings, endurance is considered the ability of a force to sustain high levels of
combat potential relative to its opponent over the duration of a campaign.
 FORCES
• There are fundamental forces:

Gravitational force Electromagnetic force Nuclear force

• The are non fundamental forces:

Friction force Tension force Elastic force

 HOW TO INCREASE ENDURANCE
• Endurance training is the act of exercising to increase endurance. The
term endurance training generally refers to training the aerobic
system as opposed to the anaerobic system. The need for endurance
in sports is often predicated as the need of cardiovascular and simple
muscular endurance, but the issue of endurance is far more complex.
Endurance can be divided into two categories including: general
endurance and specific endurance. It can be shown that endurance
in sport is closely tied to the execution of skill and technique. A well
conditioned athlete can be defined as, the athlete who executes his
or her technique consistently and effectively with the least effort.
 MY INJURY
• I have patellofemoral syndrome , unstable patella , enthesopathy lower
patellar and imbalance extensor.

To treat this injury I have to:

1º Build the muscle tone
2º Then do specific execices to strengthen all the muscles holding my patella.
3º Work on my cuádriceps, the vastus medialis obliquio ( VMO) and the vastus
lateralis ( VL) as well as my hip muscles(these muscles play an important role in
making sure te kneecap moves at it sould)