Bioindustrial

Technology
An Introduction

2015
Biotechnology (is a base
for bio industry)
The utilization of living organisms
(micro organisms, plant cells, etc) or
part of living organisms to produce
products
 Microbiology
Moleculer Biology Biochemistry

Moleculer genetics Cell Biology Bioprocess Engineering

Biotechnology
Chemical Industry

Health diagnose
Industrial Fermentation/ Bioindustry

Pharmaceutical Industry Environmental and Energy

Industri Pangan dan Pakan

Examples of Bio industry Products

Cheese, yoghurt, pickles, sauerkraut,

soya sauce, alcoholic beverage (beer,
wine, sake, etc)
Colouring Material (“angkak”)
Biosynthetic vanillin
Thickener (xanthan gum, microbial
alginat, etc)
Single Cell Protein
Probiotic
Organic acids (acetic acid, lactic acid, etc)
Solvents (ethanol, acetone dll)
Amino acids, enzymes, biosurfactant, etc
Flavor Enhancer (MSG, Ribotide)
Arachidonic oil
Transgenic plants (GMO plants)
Antibiotic, Insulin, Interferon,
Steroid
Vitamin (B2, B12, C dll)
Vaccine (e.g Hepatitis B,
influenza, Polio, Meningitis etc)
Food Supplement (Spirulina,
Chlorella)
Indigenous technology :
tempeh, tape, tauco,
 Biotechnology development before
Louis Pasteur
 Alcoholic beverages  Beer , Wine, Khamr,
Sake, Tuak, etc (Natural fermentation on sugar
based substrates)
 Fermented Foods (Cheese, yoghurt, tape,
tempeh, petis, terasi, tauco, etc)  milk
derivatives products and solid substrates
technology
 Biotechnology Development
Louis Pasteur Era
 Alcohol and its derivatives (Ethanol,
Butanol, aceton, glycerol)
 Organic acids ( Citric acid, acetic acid, etc)
 Waste treatment by aerobic process
 Biotechnology Development
Antibiotics Era

 Antibiotics (Penicillin, tetracycline,

streptomycin, etc)  encouraged by world
war
 Vaccine (meningitis  firstly isolated from
naso pharynx of an army that was infected
by bacteria)
 Biotechnology Development
After Antibiotics
 Amino acid (Glutamic acid, lysine,
aspartame)
 Single cell protein
 Enzyme (amylase, glucose isomerase,
glucose dehydrogenase, etc)
 Immobilized cells and enzymes
 Waste water treatment by anaerobic
(Biogas)
 Polysaccharide (Xanthan, Pullulan, etc)
 Bacterial bio insecticides
 Biotechnology Development
Modern Biotechnology

 1973, 1st time gen cloning

 1974, expression of gen cloning in other
organisms
 1975, bioinsecticides from Bt israelensis  to
eradicate mosquito larvae (Aedes aegepty, Culex,
Anopheles, etc)
 Genetic engineering
Level of Biotechnology Application
Level Input Output
High investment,
High value
sophisticated equipment
High products for health
and process , skilled
and food
operator
Medium investment, not Food, feed,
Medium too sophisticated fertilizers and bio
equipment and process insecticides
Low investment, simple
Low value
Low process and equipment,
products
unskilled operator
 Example of Agricultural
biotechnology

Transgenic – gen from a certain species

which inserted to other species

Example – Gen Cry (Gen coding for protein

crystal which is insecticidal) is inserted
into a certain plant so that the plant
cannot be attacked by agricultural pests

Maize Transgenic  GMO on maize plant by gen

cry from Bacillus thuringiensis
GMO - Genetically modified organisms

Corn

 Bt toxin inside can eradicate

corn borer
 The corn plant has capability to
produce Bt toxin due to the inserted
cry gen from Bacillus thrungiensis
Normal Transgenic
Reason of using biotechnology

 Responding the need of human for

foods and feeds and others in a
rapid time and mass production
 Environmental friendly
 Vanilla planifolia Vanilla bean  obtained after
years

Bacterial
Enzyme from
Streptomyces

Bioconversion of Vanillin  obtained after

ferulic acid several days fermentation
 Other Example
 Insulin hormon usually
produces by extraction of it
from pig pancreas

Now  rapid mass

production

 Insulin hormon produced by

recombinant E. coli (GMO)
with the gene from pig
pancreas
 Slant Agar Liquid Media

Inoculum/starter

Seed Fermentation /Production

Culture Reactivation Propagation
(dormant)

Inoculum Development

Fermentor

Downstream
Processing/Recovery
 Bio industry
 Cultivation aspects
 Scaling Up
 Techno economy

Course description of subject “Bio -

industrial Technology”
 COURSE
DESCRIPTION
TIN 330
Bioindustrial Technology
3(2-3)
 Course Description
 Knowledge on cultivation process design
covering environmental factors which affect
microbial growth, enzymatic processes ,
bioreactors and instrument, cultivation process,
downstream process and techno-economy
bioprocess aspects.
 Holistic understanding on bioindustrial
technology and how to develop bioindustrial
products
 Textbooks
 Aiba,S., A.E humprey, dan N.F. Milis.1973. Biochemical Engineering.,
Second Edition. Academic Press, New York
 Belter, P.A.,E.L. Cutsler dan H.Wei-Shou.1988. bioseparations :
Downstream Processing for Biotechnology. A Wiley-interscience Publ., New
York
 crueger, W and A. Crueger.1984. Biotechnology : A Textbook of Industrial
Microbiology. Science tech., Inc., Madison
 Rehm, H.Z and G. Reed.1985. Biotechnology Vol 9.1995. Biotechnology :
Enzyme, Biomass, Food and Feed, VCH Verlagsgeselshaft mbH,Weinheim
 Scragg, A.H.1991.Bioreactors in Biotechnology : A Practical Approach>Ellis
Horword, New york
 Stanbury, P.F and A. Whitaker.1989.Principles of Fermentation technology.
Pergamon Press.Oxford
 Wang, D.I., C.L.Cooney, A.L.Demain,P.Dunnil,A.E.humprey and
M.D.Lilly.1979.Fermentation and Enzyme Technology.John Willey and
Sons, new york
 Textbooks
 Prave,P.,U.Faust,W.Sittg and D.A.Sukatsch.1987.Fundamentals of
Biotechnology.VCH Verlagsgeselshaft mbH,Weinheim
 Bailley,J.E and D.F.Ollis.1986. Biochemical Engineering
Fundamentals.Second Edition.McGraw-Hill Co., New York
 Chaplin,M.F and C.Bucke.1990. Enzyme Technology>Cambridge
university Press, Cambride
 Demain,A.L. and N.A. Solomon.1986.Manual of Industrial Microbiology
and Biotechnology. American Societyfor Microbiology.Washington
 Margaritis,A. and J.B. Wallace.Novel Bioreactor System and their
Application.J.of Biotechnology.May,1984
 Pirt,S.J.1985.Principles of Microbe and Cell Cultivation.blackwell Sci.,
Oxford
 Rehm,H.Z and G.Reed.1985.Biotechnology vol 2 : Fundamentals of
Biochemical Engineering. VCH Verlagsgeselshaft mbH,Weinheim
 Other references
 L.Hartoto and I.Sailah.1992. Sistem
Bioreaktor.Pusat Antar Universitas
Bioteknologi.IPB, Bogor
 Judoamidjojo,R.M.,E.G.Sa’id dan
L.Hartoto.1989.Biokonversi. Pusat Antar
Universitas Bioteknologi,IPB
 Mangunwidjaja,D. and A.Suryani.1994.
Teknologi Bioproses. Penebar Swadaya,
Jakarta
 Course Outcomes
 Understand scope range and how important to study bioindustrial
technology
 Understand cultivation technique and downstream application on
bioindustry
 Understand type of bioreactor and its application to many production
process
 Understand techno-economy aspects in bioindustry
 Understand microbes application for many kind of products produced
with optimal cultivation condition, bioreactor uses and efficient
downstream process
 Capable to collaborate in a team work
 Mastery skill to work in bioindustry laboratory and capable to conduct
microbial cultivation to produce several products
 Understand technique for scaling up of bioindustrial technology
 Prerequisites by Topic
 Fundamentals of microbial technology
 Bioprocess Laboratory
 Lecturer Team
1. MRH (Mulyorini Rahayuningsih) – coordinator
2. IKS (Khaswar Syamsu)
3. LBH (Liesbetini Hartoto)
4. PSD (Prayoga Suryadarma)
5. Rini Purnawati and Edi Sumantri – laboratory
practices
 Major Topics Covered in the Course
Week Major Topics Lecturer
1 Introduction (Biotechnology as a base for bioindustry) MRH
2 Cultivation techniques and downstream processing IKS

3 Type of bioreactors and example application to many processes IKS

4 Scaling Up Technique in Bioprocess PSD

5 Bioethanol production and its prospect to be developed in Indonesia PSD

6 Single Cell Protein Technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia IKS

7 Techno economic aspect of Bioindustrial Technology PSD

8-9 Mid Test
10 Amino acids Production LBH
11 Microbial Enzyme Production technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia LBH
12 Organic acids production technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia LBH
13 Antibiotics production technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia LBH
14 Biopolymer (gum xanthan, pullulan and dextran) production technology and its Prospect to MRH
be developed in Indonesia
15 Bioinsecticide production technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia MRH
16 Arachidonic acid Oil Technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia MRH
 Laboratory practices
Week Topics Lecturer

2 GLP in Microbiology Lab PSD

3 Kinetics of Enzymatic Processes PSD

4-5 Production of bioetanol : Immobilized cells and free cells PSD

6-7 Production of citric acid : submerged cultivation and solid MRH

substrates cultivation
10-11 Bioinsecticides production semi solid and submerged cultivation MRH

12 -13 Scale up technique Rini P

14-16 Small Project : Development a prospective of bioindustrial Supervisor : PSD,

products : MRH,LBH, IKS
- Preparation the proposal

- Implementation of Proposal in Lab Work

- Presentation
 Assessment
 Mid exam (UTS ) – 30 %
 Final exam (UAS) – 30 %
 Laboratory Practices (performance and report) –
30 %
 Small Project – 10 %
QUESTION?