CONDITIONALS

IF-CLAUSES
 FORMULATION
CONDITIONAL 0 (ZERO): IF + PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE

CONDITIONAL 1 (FIRST): IF + PRESENT SIMPLE FUTURE SIMPLE

CONDITIONAL 2 (SECOND) IF + PAST SIMPLE WOULD DO

CONDITIONAL 3 (THIRD) IF + PAST PERFECT WOULD HAVE DONE

 CONDITIONAL 0 (ZERO)
CONDITIONAL 0 (ZERO): IF + PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE

A fact, something that is always true

If you heat ice, it melts

If demand for a product rises, Its price rises too

It is easier to relax if you close your eyes

 CONDIDITIONAL 1 (FIRST
CONDITIONAL)
CONDITIONAL 1 (FIRST): IF + PRESENT SIMPLE FUTURE SIMPLE

A present/future situation of high probability

If I see her tomorrow, I will speak to her

I will not let them in, if they are late

If anything changes, we will let you know!

 CONDITIONAL 2 (SECOND
CONDITIONAL)
CONDITIONAL 2 (SECOND) IF + PAST SIMPLE WOULD DO

A present/future situation of low probability or zero probability (hypothesis)

If I saw her tomorrow, I would speak to her

If anything changed, We would let you know
If I had some time, I would tidy up my office
If I were a lawyer, I wouldn’t take on this case
 CONDITIONAL 3 (THIRD
CONDITIONAL)
CONDITIONAL 3 (THIRD) IF + PAST PERFECT WOULD HAVE DONE

A past situation: too late, zero possibility

If I had seen her, I would have spoken to her

I wouldn’t have let them in if they had been late

If anything had changed, we would have let you know

 SPECIAL CASES
Use of may, might, could

These can be used in thev consequence clause to reduce the certainty of the
action in that clause.
CONDITIONAL 1

If I see her tomorrow, I will speak to her.

If I see her tomorrow, I may/might/could speak to her

 SPECIAL CASES
Use of may, might, could

These can be used in thev consequence clause to reduce the certainty of the
action in that clause.
CONDITIONAL 2
If they were late again, I would not let them in

If they were late again, I might not let them in

 SPECIAL CASES
Use of may, might, could

These can be used in thev consequence clause to reduce the certainty of the
action in that clause.

CONDITIONAL 3

If I had had time last weekend, I would have tidied up my office

If I had had time last weekend, I might/could have tidied up my office