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LITERATURE REVIEW
OUTLINE METHODOLOGY
CONCLUSION
Introduction
Background
Energy Efficient Should
be considered:
Internal Load (HVAC,
equipment)
External Load (OTTV)
External Load (RTTV)
Lighting Load (Type of Glass)
Investment Cost
type of glass
Duelist Algorithm
use of insulation
Killer-Whale Algorithm
Rain-Water Algorithm
Objectives
Maximum ROI with optimum
EEC value, maximum daylight
value and minimum OTTV
using Duelist, Killer-Whale,
Rain-Water Algorithm.
Different type of glass and
insulation at roof and wall vs.
optimum EEC and maximum
ROI values.
LITERATURE
REVIEW
Optimization
Optimized Variables
Objective Function
Greenship rating
OTTV Calculation
Natural Lighting
GREENSHIP Ventilation
Where:
𝛼 is heat absorption 𝑈𝑓 is thermal transmittance of
𝑈𝑤 is thermal transmittance of glass (W/m2·K)
opaque wall (W/m2·K) ∆𝑇 is temperature difference (K)
𝑊𝑊𝑅 is window to wall ratio 𝑆𝐶 is shading coefficient of glass
𝑇𝐷𝑒𝑘 is equivalent temperature 𝑆𝐹 is solar factor for vertical
difference (K) surface (W/m2)
OTTV (Overall Thermal Transfer Value)
SNI 03-6389-2011
OTTV Calculation All Direction
Where:
𝑂𝑇𝑇𝑉𝑖 is OTTV 𝑖 Direction
𝐴𝑖 is Area of 𝑖 Direction
𝑖 = 𝑁 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ , 𝑆 𝑆𝑜𝑢𝑡ℎ , 𝐸 𝐸𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑊 (𝑊𝑒𝑠𝑡)
Building Energy Efficiency using GBCI
standards
External Load Calculation
𝑄𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 = 𝐴𝑏𝑖𝑑 𝑥 𝑂𝑇𝑇𝑉 + 𝐴𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑈𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑓 𝑥 ∆𝑇 (𝟑)
Occupant Load Calculation
𝑄𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑡 = 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑥 𝑄𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 + 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑥 𝑄𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡 (𝟒)
Fresh Air Load Calculation
𝑄𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 1.218 𝑥 𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ 𝐴𝑖𝑟 𝑥 ∆𝑇 + 2.998 𝑥 𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ 𝐴𝑖𝑟 𝑥 ∆𝑅 (𝟓)
Where:
∆𝑅 is humidity difference
∆𝑇 is Temperature difference
Building Energy Efficiency using GBCI
standards
Artificial Light Calculation
𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 𝐿𝑃𝐷 𝑥 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 + 𝐿𝑃𝐷 𝑥 𝑡𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑥 𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 / 𝑡𝑜𝑝 (𝟔)
Plug Load Calculation
𝑄𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑔 = 𝑃𝑃𝐷 𝑥 𝑁𝐿𝐴 (𝟕)
Total Heat Load Calculation
𝑄𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝑄𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 + 𝑄𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑡 + 𝑄𝑎𝑖𝑟 + 𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 + 𝑄𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑔 (𝟖)
Where:
𝐿𝑃𝐷 is Lighting Power Density (W/m2)
𝑃𝑃𝐷 is Equipment Power Density (W/m2)
𝑁𝐿𝐴 is Net Lettable Area (m2)
Building Energy Efficiency using GBCI
standards
AHU Power Calculation
0.000161 𝑥 𝐴𝐹𝑅 𝑥 𝑃𝑠
𝑓𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐻𝑈 = (𝟗)
𝐹𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝑥 𝐷𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝑥 𝑀𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑓𝑓
49.26464 𝑥 𝑄𝑠 𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑡 + 𝑄𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑔 + 𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 + 𝑄𝑠 𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑥 𝐵𝑦 𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝐴𝐹𝑅 = (𝟏𝟎)
∆𝑇
CHWP (chilled water pump power) and CWP (condenser water
pump power) Calculation
𝑊𝐹𝑅 𝑥 𝑃𝑢𝑚𝑝 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑
𝐶𝐻𝑊𝑃 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑢 𝐶𝑊𝑃 = (𝟏𝟏)
3960 𝑥 𝑃𝑢𝑚𝑝 𝐸𝑓𝑓
Where:
𝐴𝐹𝑅 is Air Flow Rate (m3/minute)
𝑊𝐹𝑅 is Water Flow Rate (GPM)
Building Energy Efficiency using GBCI
standards
Cooling System Energy Consumption Calculation
𝐶ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑄𝑡𝑜𝑡 𝑥 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑥 𝑁𝑃𝐿𝑉 + 𝐶𝐻𝑊𝑃 + 𝐶𝑊𝑃 + 𝐶𝑇 (𝟏𝟐)
Light Energy Consumption Calculation
𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = [ 𝐿𝑃𝐷 𝑥 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 + 𝐿𝑃𝐷 𝑥 𝑡𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑥 𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 +
𝐿𝑃𝐷𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑝 𝑥 𝑁𝐿𝐴 𝑥 𝑡𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑝 ]/1000 (𝟏𝟑)
Plug Energy Consumption Calculation
𝑃𝑃𝐷 𝑥 𝑁𝐿𝐴 𝑥 𝑡𝑜𝑝 + 𝑃𝑃𝐷𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑝 𝑥 𝑁𝐿𝐴 𝑥 𝑡𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑝
𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = (𝟏𝟒)
1000
Building Energy Efficiency using GBCI
standards
Air Distribution Energy Consumption Calculation
𝐴𝑖𝑟 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑓𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐻𝑈 𝑥 𝑡𝑜𝑝 (𝟏𝟓)
Lift Energy Consumption Calculation
𝐿𝑖𝑓𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑥 𝑡𝑜𝑝 (𝟏𝟔)
Other Load Energy Consumption Calculation
𝑂𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑂𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑥 𝑁𝐿𝐴 𝑥 𝑡𝑜𝑝 (𝟏𝟕)
Parking Ventilation Energy Consumption Calculation
𝑉𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑥 𝑡𝑜𝑝 + 𝑡𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑝
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = (𝟏𝟖)
1000
Building Energy Efficiency using GBCI
standards
Total Energy Consumption Calculation
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝐶ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝. +𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝. +𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝.
+𝐴𝑖𝑟 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝. +𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝. +𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝. +𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝. (𝟏𝟗)
END
Methodology
No