INTRODUCTION:KINETIC

MOLECULAR MODEL FOR

LIQUID AND SOLID
• RECALL OF LEWIS DOT STRUCTURE
• RECALL FOR MOLECULAR GEOMETRY
• RECALL OF BOND POLARITY
 TYPES OF BONDING
 IONIC BONDS
 COVALENT BONDS
 Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of
 Covalent bonding is the sharing of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is
electrons between atoms. This type of a type of chemical bond that generates
bonding occurs between two atoms of two oppositely charged ions. In ionic
the same element or of elements close bonds, the metal loses electrons to
to each other in the periodic table. This become a positively charged cation,
bonding occurs primarily between whereas the nonmetal accepts those
nonmetals; however, it can also be electrons to become a negatively
observed between nonmetals and charged anion. Ionic bonds require an
metals. electron donor, often a metal, and an
electron acceptor, a nonmetal.
LEWIS DOT STRUCTURE
 EXAMPLES
NH3
NH4

CS2
Molecular Shape
 Molecular shape is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a
molecule. The molecular geometry, or shape, of a molecule is an
important factor that affects the physical and chemical properties of a
compound. Those properties include melting and boiling points,
solubility, density, and the types of chemical reactions that a
compound undergoes. In this section, you will learn a technique to
predict molecular shape based on a molecule's Lewis electron dot
structure.

VESPER
 The valence shell is the outermost occupied shell of electrons in an
atom. This shell holds the valence electrons, which are the electrons
that are involved in bonding and shown in a Lewis structure. Valence-
shell electron pair repulsion theory, or VSEPR theory, states that a
molecule will adjust its shape so that the valence electron pairs stay as
far apart from each other as possible.
VESPER CHART
VESPER CHART
WHAT ARE
POLAR
MOLECULES?
BOND
POLARITY
POLAR
COVALENT
BONDS
POLAR
COVALENT
BONDS
DETERMINING THE POLARITY OF A MOLECULE
DETERMINING THE POLARITY OF A MOLECULE
HOW TO DETERMINE THE POLARITY OF THE
MOLECULE?
HOW TO DETERMINE THE POLARITY OF
THE MOLECULE?
HOW TO DETERMINE THE POLARITY OF
THE MOLECULE?
SYMMETRY AND POLARITY
NON-SYMMETRICAL
NON-SYMMETRICAL
SYMMETRY AND POLARITY
SUMMARY
TESTING YOUR SKILLS