Escolar Documentos
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Root cause- Expansion and contraction due to thermal variation and hysteresis,
Earlier PVC strips were provided for the same but due to unpleasant looking cracks, it is
replaced with grove cutting and filling with suitable material.
Crack observed
Corrective Action-
1. Cracks to be isolated and marked.
2. Removal up to 65mm in depth and 15 mm
width in V -shape.
3. Groove cleaning- free from loose and
foreign material, dust, water or any other
lubricant material etc. by brush, air blower, Grove cutting in Grove filling in lining
clean cotton etc. lining
4. Primer is applied as adhesive to old Grove in lining
concrete and repairing material.
5. In hot weather, water sprinkle is required
to down the surface temperature.
Surface
6. The V-groove shall be filled with PUB prepetition
material. The specification shall be
maintained as specified as per
manufacturer instruction.
2
1.3 Cracks in Lining Concrete due to hysteresis
Preventive action-
1. PVC water stopper should not be used in
where for paneling in CC lining.
2. Pizza Cutter shall be used to cut groove in
green stage of concrete , just after finishing.
3. Where ever groove cutting could not be
done by pizza cutter in green stage or Grove cutting in
Grove cutting in
desire shape is not found in groove, the lining by pizza cutter
lining by pizza cutter
panel cutting shall be started by concrete
saw cutter machine in 24 hour of concrete
placing.
4. The depth of groove shall be minimum
1/4th to 1/3rd of the thickness and width 5
to 10 mm in single stage cutting.
5. Sealant (hot/cold) shall be filled in groove
as per IRC-57. Grove cutting in
lining by Machine Grove filling in lining
6. Method of used shall be followed by
manufacturer instruction. 3
2.1 Cracks in CC Lining due to Soil erosion
Root cause- From LBL rain water entered below lining and sandy silty soil eroded below the lining and cracks
developed at bottom panel in slope.
4
2.2 Cracks in CC Lining due to Soil erosion
Corrective Action- Cleaning by blower
1. Hollow area due to soil erosion should be marked.
2. Lean mix concrete should be filled in hollow area.
3. Crack is marked and identified.
4. Cutting of marked area should be done with the help
of concrete cutter up to 25 mm deep and 15 mm
wide in V shape.
5. Chipped area should be cleaned for loose concrete, Backfilling by LMC
dust and other lubricant material by using wire
brush, blower and cotton.
6. Seal primer is applied on clean surface and patch fix
pub should be used to fill the V shape grove by
pressuring firmly in to place to ensure positive
adhesion and full compaction.
7. Finishing if required should be done with trowel.
Root cause- Some of the leading cause of core fail are given below:
1. Delay in unloading,
2. Mixing of excess water (other then mix design),
3. Improper compaction at time of placing in slope portion.
Corrective Action-
1. If a single core is fail in strength, with client permission
we cut another core in vicinity of the core, If again core
strength is not acceptable, the panel is removed.
2. If a complete set is fail in strength, then with client
permission we cut another set in same chainage, If
results are not satisfactory, concrete is removed. Core Testing with client
Dismantling of Lining
8
3.3 CC Lining core fail in strength
Preventive action-
1. To avoid delay in unloading of TM, proper
access to site, proper illumination in night,
flag mans, are deployed.
2. Slum is checked at site to avoid
unnecessary mixing of water at site,
3. If slum is less at site, admixture is added at
site and mixed to get required slump.
Tool box talk at site Use of needle vibrator
4. If TM is delay more than 2.5 Hr, TM should
be rejected.
5. Proper compaction should be done by using
needle vibrators thoroughly. And
Importance of compaction is conveyed in
tool box talk.
Root cause- CC lining core cutting is done with client representative and Sometimes Due to paver settlement or
by soil undulation in particular panel thickness is not found satisfactory in CC lining.
11
4.3 CC Lining core fail in Thickness
Preventive action-
1. Compaction is checked for subgrade of CC lining.
2. Profile length, thickness is checked along the
section ready for concreting by installing of line dori
on level.
3. Paver alignment, rail alignment is checked to
ensuring thickness,
4. During laying of CC, thickness is checked on top Checking of slope lining
level and in bottom level of slope to ensure thickness
and alignment of paver.
5. If, after all the checking bed is disturbed it should
be compacted and checked again.
15
6.1 Undulation and level difference in CC lining
Root cause- Due to improper finishing, paver settlement, settlement of shuttering, improper supervision are the
main cause of undulation and level difference in CC lining.
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6.3 Undulation and level difference in CC lining
Preventive action-
1. Checking of undulation post cc lining by using
straight edge,
2. If it is not acceptable in undulation, Did
rectification at time by grinding machine,
3. Conduct tool box talk to convey our requirement
to work force to improve finishing and to motivate
them to do continuous improvement.
Undulation checking
Tool Box Talk at site
in slope Lining
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7.1 Honeycombing in concrete
Root cause- There are some basic reasons for honeycombing in concrete some of them are listed below
1. Improper compaction in concrete,
2. Segregation in concrete,
3. Improper shuttering packing
Use of Vibrator in
21 Concreting Tool box talk at site
8.1 Shrinkage cracks on CC lining surface
Root cause- Inadequate curing just after finishing, Large surface area and extreme hot weather, high wind
velocity increases rate of evaporation form concrete resulting in shrinkage cracks on surface of concrete.
Shrinkage cracks in lining Shrinkage cracks in lining Shrinkage cracks in lining Shrinkage cracks in lining
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8.2 Shrinkage cracks on CC lining surface
Corrective Action-
1. Identify location and type of crack,
2. If it is shrinkage crack, cut it in 15 mm depth and
10mm width, with the help of concrete cutter,
3. It should be cleaned for any dust and loose material,
4. It should be filled with GP2 after applying of
cementitious material, or rich slurry of GP2.
5. Finishing should be done up to required degree.
6. Curing should be done up to 7 days. Cutting of groves Curing by ponding
Grove cleaning
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Grove cleaning
8.2 Shrinkage cracks on CC lining surface
Preventive action-
1. Use water sprinkling on subgrade,
2. Use wind varication to avoid hot wind,
3. Use curing compound just after finishing,
4. Use ice in concrete to control temperature of
concrete,
Root cause- Improper selection of stones, poor workmanship, are the leading cause of improper packing of
stone pitching.
Improper stone Tool box talk about Tool box talk about
Proper stone pitching
packing stone pitching 28 stone pitching
10.2 Improper Packing of Stone Pitching
Corrective Action-
1. Improper Panels should be identified and marked,
2. Remove loose fill and pointed stones,
3. Size of stone should be at least 230mm*150mm,
4. Sharp corners should be chipped of,
5. 15m*25m panel should be sub divided in to 5m*5m
panel to control undulation, Tool box talk about Improper stone
6. Packing should be done by small stones, stone pitching packing
Correction
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10.3 Improper Packing of Stone Pitching
Preventive action-
Tool box talk about Proper stone
1. Daily tool box talk is conducted to worker to introduce stone pitching pitching
the work.
2. Stone pitching sample is visualized to workers to know
packing requirement of client.
3. Selection and shorting is done as per requirements of
size of stone,
4. Sharp edges, pointed stones are chipped to make
proper face of stone,
5. In between stones, packing with small stones is done,
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11.3 Railing alignment and painting issue
Preventive action-
1. Step by step procedure is conveyed to every contractor,
2. Surface preparation should be done,
3. Surface should be clean from rust, dust and oil etc,
4. It should be cleaned by sand paper or may be buffing
wheel,
5. Primmer should be applied consistently and thoroughly, Stage inspection of Stage inspection
6. After 4 hr or as per TDS of primmer and paint, First and hand railing of hand railing
second coat of epoxy paint should be done,
Improper grouted
Racking of boundary wall Improper fixing of stone stone removed Checking of fixed stone
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12.2 Issue in Karauli stone Fixing
Corrective Action-
1. Identification of stone those are not as per
requirement i.e. gap in stone, hollow sounded
stone,
2. Mark those stones for rectification, Checking
Marking of improper grouted stone
3. Rectification can be done by removing stone, of karauli
stone
chipping off the mortar,
4. Cleaning of dust, loose material, oil and grease
from the masonry and stone should be done,
5. Stone again fixed by cement to wall,
6. Filling should be done with 1:3 mortar with the
approved sand, Remove not cleaned stone
7. Curing should be done for at least 7 days.
Preventive action-
1. Before starting of work, stone are checked for
thickness and every corner for right angle, if not in
right angle use cutter machine to do the same.
2. Cleaning of stone as well as boundary wall surface
from dust, loose material, and oil by chipping of or Washed stone use for fixing Curing of cladding work
may be b scrubbing,
3. Groves can also be make on fixing side of stone
face to provide key for holding.
4. Vertical and horizontal alignment should be
Fixing of karauli
checked after fixing if not correct rectify and do it
stone with out
again. cleaning of wall
5. Filling of stone should be done by 1:3 from
approved sand and cement,
6. Curing should be done for at least 7 days.
Cleaning of
boundary wall
36 Improper gap in stone by wire brush
13.1 Issue in Pathway fixing
Issues- Root cause-
1. Level difference in paver, 1. After fixing of paver, heavy vehicle movement
2. Broken tiles from center, leads to undulation and broke tile from center,,
3. Broken tiles from corners, 2. Mishandling of pavers in shifting leads to edge
4. Line mismatch of paver, break,
5. Undulation in pavers, 3. More sand thickness for bedding of paver leads to
undulation,
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13.3 Issue in Pathway fixing
Preventive action-
1. Stop Heavy vehicle movement,
2. PCC level checked and thickness of sand is checked
it should be 25 to 45 mm not more then that,
3. Paver block is checked for strength,
4. Handling of paver block is improved to avoid edge
break,
5. Thickness of paver is checked if found difference Level Checking of
more then 3 mm, pavers are rejected, pathway PCC
6. Varying thickness causes undulation in surface and Vehicle movement on
ultimately lead break in paver block. paver
7. Paver block should be constrain for lateral
movement as soon as paver is laid, due to tendency
to slip in out-word direction.
Level checking of
Paver blocks after
39 fixing.