AVERAGE

1
Define : Average

2
 An average of any given quantity is the
sum of the given quantity divided by the number of quantity.

Sum of quantities
Average =
Number of quantities

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Basic Formulae

4
 To find the sum, when the number of quantities and their average are given
1
Sum of quantities = Average × Number of quantities

To find the number of quantities, when the sum of quantities and their average are given
2
Number of quantities = Sum of quantities
Average

If the quantities (x) are occurring with certain frequency (f), then
3
Average = f1 x1 + f2 x2 + …………………. + fn xn
x1 + x2 + …………………. + xn

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 Points to
Remember

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 n (n +1)
1 Average of first n natural numbers is
2

Last odd number + 1

2 Average of odd numbers from 1 to n is
2

Last even number + 2

3 Average of even numbers from 1 to n is
2

(n +1) (2n +1)

4 Average of square of first n natural numbers is
6

n (n +1)2
5 Average of first n natural numbers is
4

7
6 Average of first n consecutive even numbers is (n +1)

7 Average of first n consecutive odd numbers is n

Average of square of first 2(n +1) (2n +1)

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n consecutive even numbers is 3

Average of squares of (n +1) (n +2)

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consecutive even numbers till n is 3

Average of squares of n (n +2)

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consecutive odd numbers till n is 3

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Short Tricks

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 In three numbers, if the 1st number is ‘a times’ of the 2nd number, and b is ‘a times’ of
1
the 3rd number, and the average of all three numbers is x, then

3ab
1st number = X
a + b + ab

From three numbers, if the first number is ‘a times’ of the 2 nd number,

2
the 2nd number is ‘b times’ of the 3rd number and the average of all three numbers is x, then

3ab 3b
1st number = X 2nd number = X
1 + b + ab 1 + b + ab

3b
3rd number = X
1 + b + ab

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 If the average age of m boys is x, and the average of n boys is b, mx + ny
3
then the average age of all of them put together is m+n

If the average age of m boys is x, and the average age of mx + ny

4 n boys out of them (m boys) is y, then the average age
of the rest of the boys is m+n

The average marks obtained by n candidates in a certain exam is T. If the average mark of
5 passed candidates is P, and that of the failed candidates is F, then the number of
candidates who passed / failed the examination is
n (T - F)
Candidates passed =
P-F
Total candidates (Total average - Failed average)
candidates passed
Or failed =
Passed average - Failed Average
n (P - T)
Candidates failed =
P-F

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 If a person travels a distance at a speed of x km/hr, and the 2xy
6 same distance at a speed of y km/hr, then the average speed
during the whole journey is given by ________ km/hr. x+y

If half of a journey is travelled at a speed of x km/hr, and the 2xy

7 next half at a speed of y km/hr, then the average speed
during the whole journey is given by ________ km/hr. x+y

If a man goes to a certain place at a speed of x km/hr, 2xy

8 and returns to the original place at a speed of y km/hr,
then the average speed during the up and down x+y
journey is given by ________ km/hr.

12
 If a person travels three equal distances at a speed of x km/hr, 3xyz
9 y km/hr, and z km/hr respectively, then the average speed
during the whole journey is ________ km/hr. xy + yz +zx

A+B+C
If a person covers A km at x km/hr, B km at y km/hr,
10 and C km at z km/hr, then the average speed A B C
in covering the whole distance is ________ km/hr. + +
x y z

If the average of n numbers is A, and on rechecking, it is found that

11 some of the numbers (x1, x2, x3………xn) are wrongly taken as (x1’, x2’, x3’………xn’),
then their correct average is given as:
Sum of correct numbers - Sum of wrong numbers
Correct Average = Previous Average +
N

(x1, x2, x3………xn) - (x1’, x2’, x3’………xn’)

Correct Average = A +
N
13
 Geometric mean is useful in calculating averages of ratios such as
12 average population growth rate, average percentage increase, etc. √x1 X x2 X x3……… X xn
The geometric mean of x1, x2, x3………xn is given by

1
Harmonic mean is useful for finding out the average speed
13 of a vehicle, average production per day, etc. 1 1 1 1
The harmonic mean of x1, x2, x3………xn is given by ( + + ….. )
n x1 x2 xn

First Term + Last Term

14 The average of a series having a common difference of 2 is
2

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LETS SOLVE

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1 Find the average of the first ten composite numbers.

SOLUTIO
N

1
6
 The average age of 13 boys and the Principal is 10 years. When the Principal's
2
age is excluded, the average age decreases by 2 year. What is the age of the
principal?

SOLUTIO
N

1
7
 The mean temperature of Monday to Wednesday was 35 °C and of Tuesday to
3
Thursday was 30 °C. If
the temperature on Thursday was 1/2 that of Monday, then what is the
temperature on Thursday?

SOLUTIO
N

1
8
 Five years ago, the average age of A, B and C was 25 years and that of B and C
4
10 years ago was 20 years. What is the present age of A?

SOLUTIO
N

1
9
 There are three fractions A, B and C. If A = 1/5 and B = 1/8 and the average of
5
A, B and C is 1/10. what is the value of C?

SOLUTIO
N

2
0
 The marks obtained by Alan in Mathematics, English and Biology are
6
respectively
90 out of 100, 70 out of 150 and 150 out of 200. Find his average score in
percent.

SOLUTIO
N

2
1
 The average monthly expenditure of a family was 2250 for the first 3 months, Rs
7
2150 for the next three months and Rs 5750 for the next three months. Find the
average income of the family for the 9 months, if they save Rs 500 per month.

SOLUTIO
N

2
2
 The average age of 5 persons in a group is increased by 10 years when two men
8
aged 30 years and 40 years are substituted by two women. Find the average
age (in years) of the two women.

SOLUTIO
N

2
3
 The average temperature for Wednesday, Thursday and Friday was 20 °C. The
9
average for Thursday, Friday and Saturday was 21 °C. If the temperature on
Saturday was 22 °C, what was the temperature on Wednesday?

SOLUTIO
N

2
4
 The speed of the train in going from Kanpur to Lucknow is 60 km/hr. while when
10
coming back from Lucknow to Kanpur, its speed is 40 km/hr. Find the average
speed (in km/hr) during the whole journey.

SOLUTIO
N

2
5
 The average weight of 29 men in a ship is increased by 5 kg when one of the
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men, who weighs 120 kg, is replaced by a new man. Find the weight of the new
man (in kg).

SOLUTIO
N

2
6
 The average of 40 numbers is 45. if two numbers namely 65 and 25 are
12
discarded then find the average of the remaining numbers?

SOLUTIO
N

2
7
 In a family of 5 males and a few ladies, the average monthly consumption of
13
grain per head is 9 kg. If the average monthly consumption per head be 12 kg in
the case of males and 8 kg in the case of females, find the number of females in
the family.

SOLUTIO
N

2
8
 The average earning of Srikanth for the initial three months of the calendar year
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2012 is Rs 2100. If his average earning (in Rs) for the second and third month is
Rs 2250
find his earning in the first month?

SOLUTIO
N

2
9
 In a hotel where rooms are numbered from 201 to 230, each room gives an
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earning of
Rs 2000 for the first fifteen days of a month and for the latter half, Rs 1000 per
room.
Find the average earning per room per day (in Rs) over the month. (Assume 30
day month) SOLUTIO
N

3
0
 A bus goes to Ranchi from Patna at the rate of 80 km per hour. Another bus
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leaves Ranchi for Patna
at the same time as the first bus at the rate of 90 km per hour. Find the average
speed for the
journeys of the two buses combined if it is known that the distance from Ranchi
to Patna is 720 SOLUTIO
kilometres. N

3
1
17 The average age of 60 students of IIM, Bangalore of the 2005 batch is 23 years.
What will be new average if we include the 40 faculty members whose average
age is 35 years?

SOLUTIO
N

3
2
18 Ram bought 2 articles for Rs 5.50 each, and 3 articles for Rs 3.50 each, and 3
articles
for Rs 5.50 and 5 articles for Rs 1.50 each. Find the average price for one
article?

SOLUTIO
N

3
3
19 If we take four numbers, the average of the first three is 20 and that of the
last three is 10. If the first number is 20, find the last number.

SOLUTIO
N

3
4
20 The average age of a family of 3 members is 30 years. If the age of the
youngest member
is 5 years, then what was the average age of the family immediately prior to the
birth
of the youngest member?
SOLUTIO
N

3
5
21 The average age of A and B is 29 years, that of B and C is 36 years and that
of C and A is 35 years. What is the age of C?

SOLUTIO
N

3
6
22 The average of 7 consecutive numbers is 20. Find the largest of these numbers?

SOLUTIO
N

3
7
23
The average of 8 numbers is 20. Out of these numbers the average of first two
is 31/2,
the average of next three is 64/3. If the 6th number is less than 7th and 8th by 4
and 7
respectively then find the 8th number.
SOLUTIO
N

3
8
24
The average age of a husband and a wife was 27 years when they married 4
years ago.
The average age of the husband, the wife and a new born child is 21 years now.
Find the present age of the child.

SOLUTIO
N

3
9
25
There are 50 students in a class. One of them weighing 50 kg goes away and
a new student joins. By this the average weight of the class increases by ½ kg.
Find the weight of the new student.

SOLUTIO
N

4
0
26 12 kg of rice costing Rs.30 per kg is mixed with 8 kg of rice costing Rs. 40 per
kg.
Find the average price per kg of mixed rice.

SOLUTIO
N

4
1
27 Find the average of all the numbers between 6 and 50 which are divisible by 5.

SOLUTIO
N

4
2
28
The batting average for 30 innings of a cricket player is 40 runs. His highest
score exceeds
his lowest score by 100 runs. If these two innings are not included the average
of the
remaining 28 innings is 38 runs. Find the lowest score of the player.
SOLUTIO
N

4
3
29
The average score of a class of boys and girls in an examination is A. The ratio
of boys and girls in the
class is 3:1. if the average score of the boys is (A+1). Find the average score of
the girls.

SOLUTIO
N

4
4
30
The arithmetic mean of the scores of a group of students in a test was 52. The
brightest 20% of them
secured a mean score of 80 and the dullest 25% a mean score of 31. Find the
mean score of
remaining 55%.
SOLUTIO
N

4
5
31
The average of 10 integers is found to be 10. But after the calculation, it was
detected that, by mistake, the integer 20 was copied as 30, while calculating the
average. After the due correction is made, what would be the new average .

SOLUTIO
N

4
6
32 A batsman makes a score of 40 runs in the 5th inning and thus increases his
average by 4. Find the possible value of the new average.

SOLUTIO
N

4
7
33
In hotel Clarks, the rooms are numbered from 101 to 150 on the first floor, 201 to 240 on the
secondfloor and 316 to 355 on the third floor. In the month of May 2018,the room occupancy was
50% on the first floor, 50% on the second floor and30% on the third floor. If it is also known that the
room charges are Rs 2000, Rs 1000 and Rs 1500 on each of the floors, then find the average income
per room (in Rs) for the month of May 2017.

SOLUTION

48
34 The average of 61 results is 43. If the average of the first 48 results is 36 and
that of the last 12 is 49. Find the 49th result.

SOLUTIO
N

4
9
 There are five boxes in a box hold. The weight of the first box is 40 kg and the weight
35
of the second box is 50% higher than the weight of the third box, whose weight is
25% higher than the first boxes' weight. The fourth box at 150 kg is 50% heavier
than the fifth box. Find the difference in the average weight of the four heaviest
boxes and the four lightest boxes.

SOLUTION

50
36 The average price of 3 precious diamond studded platinum thrones is Rs
97610498312.
If their prices are in the ratio 4:7:9. Then find the price of the cheapest.

SOLUTIO
N

5
1
36 The average age of a group of persons going for a movie is 20 years. 10 new
persons with an average
age of 10 years join the group on the spot due to which the average of the
group becomes 18 years.
Finds the number of persons initially going for the movie.
SOLUTIO
N

5
2
37 The average age of a group of persons going for a movie is 20 years. 10 new
persons with an average
age of 10 years join the group on the spot due to which the average of the
group becomes 18 years.
Finds the number of persons initially going for the movie.
SOLUTIO
N

5
3
38 An engineering college has only four batches that contain 20, 40,60 and 80
students
respectively. The pass percentage of these classes, are 10% , 20% , 30% and
40% respectively.
Find the pass percentage of the entire college.
SOLUTIO
N

5
4
39 The average salary of employees in TCP is Rs 20,000, the average salary of
managers
being Rs 40,000 and the management trainees being Rs 5000. Find the total
number of workers.

SOLUTIO
N

5
5
40 5 members of a team are weighed consecutively and their average weight calculated after each
member is weighed. If the average weight increases by 1 kg each time, how much heavier is the last
player then the first one?

SOLUTIO
N

5
6
41 The average of 10 numbers is calculated as 15. It is discovered later on that
while calculating the
average of one number namely 36, was wrongly read as 26. Find the correct
average..

SOLUTIO
N

5
7
42 A person covers half his journey by train at 60 km/hrs., half of the remainder by
bus at 30 km/hrs. and the rest by cycle at 10 km/hr. Find his average speed
during the whole journey.

SOLUTIO
N

5
8
43 The average weight of three men A, B and C is 84 kg. D joins them and the
average weight of the four becomes 80 kg. If E whose weight is 3 kg more than
that of D replaces A. the average weight of B, C, D and E becomes 79 kg find the
weight of A.

SOLUTIO
N

5
9
44 The batting average for 40 innings of a cricket player is 50 runs. His highest
score exceeds his lowest
score by 172 runs. If these two innings are excluded the average of the
remaining 38 innings is 48
runs. Find the highest score of the player.
SOLUTIO
N

6
0
45 a, b, c, d, e are consecutive even numbers and j, k, l, m, n are consecutive odd
numbers. Find the average of all the numbers.

SOLUTIO
N

6
1
46 The average of the three numbers x, y and z is 45. x is greater than the
average of y and z by 9. the average of y and z is greater than y by by 2.
Find the difference of x and z.

SOLUTIO
N

6
2
47 The average of six numbers is 32. If each of the first three numbers is
increased by 2 and each of the remaining three numbers is decreased by 4
then find the new average.

SOLUTIO
N

6
3
 Sumer’s average expenditure for the first 4 months of the year was Rs.251.25. For the
48 next 5 months the average monthly expenditure was Rs.26.27 more than what it was
during the first 4 months. If the person spend Rs.760 in all during the remaining 3 months
of the year. Find what percentage of his annual income of Rs3000 he saved in the year.

SOLUTIO
N

6
4
 In an examination the average of marks was found to be 50. For deducting marks for
49
computational errors the marks of 100 candidates had to be changed from 90 to 60 each
and so the average of marks came down to 45. Find the total number of candidates who
appeared at the examination.

SOLUTIO
N

6
5
 There were 35 students in a hostel. If the number of students is increased by 7 the
50
expenditure on food increases by Rs.42 per day while the average expenditure of
students is reduced by Rs.1. What was the initial expenditure on food per day?

SOLUTIO
N

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