Materials Processing and Design

Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma

MACHINE ELEMENTS
INTRODUCTION 1
 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma

Outline:
• Introduction
• Introduction to Mechanical Engineering
Design
• Materials
• Load and Stress Analysis
• Deflection and Stiffness
• Shafts and Shaft Components
• Screws, Fasteners, and the Design of
Nonpermanent Joints
• Welding, Bonding, and the Design of
Permanent Joints
• Mechanical Springs
• Rolling−Contact Bearings
 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma

Referensi:
• Khumi and Gupta . Theory of Machine Element. New
Delhi : Eurasin Publishery.
• Spott, MF, Design of Machine Elemen, Tokyo: Prentice
Hall 1973
• Hacl, AS & Holowenko AR. Machine Design, New York:
Mc Graw Hill, 1977
• Gustaf Nieman : Machine Element, Design and
Calcution, Vol I & II, Springer Verlag.
• Phelan : Fundamental of Mechanical Design, Mc Graw
Hill.
• Sularso, Dasar Perencanaan dan Pemilihan Elemen
Mesin, Jakarta: Pradya Paramita 1983
• Ir. Jac. Stolk, Ir. C. Kros : Elemen Mesin , Erlangga,
Jakarta : 1984
 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma

INTRODUCTION
• Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design
• Materials
• Load and Stress Analysis
• Deflection and Stiffness
 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design

DESIGN
• DASAR-DASAR PERANCANGAN MEKANIS:
• Perancangan elemen tunggal
• Assembly komponen

• BIDANG-BIDANG PERANCANGAN PRODUK MEKANIS

• Produk Konsumen: mixer, gergaji rantai, vacuum
cleaner, dll
• Sistem manufakturing: konveyor, derek, robot-robot
industri, dll
• Peralatan konstruksi: truk sampah, traktor, kompresor,
dll
 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design

Phases and Interactions of the

Design Process
14. Noise
1. Functionality
15. Styling
2. Strength/stress 16. Shape
17. Size
3. Distortion/deflection/stiffness
18. Control
4. Wear 19. Thermal properties
20. Surface
5. Corrosion
21. Lubrication

6. Safety 22. Marketability

23. Maintenance
7. Reliability
24. Volume

8. Manufacturability 25. Liability

26. Remanufacturing/resource recovery
 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design

Design Tools and Resources

Computational Tools
Engineering software
Non-engineering software
Match software
Acquiring Technical Information
Libraries (community, university, and private).
Government sources.
Professional societies.
Commercial vendors
Internet
 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design
The Design Engineer’s
Professional Responsibilities
 Understand the problem
 Identify the known
 Identify the unknown and formulate the solution strategy
 State all assumptions and decisions
 Analyze the problem
 Evaluate your solution
 DESIGN ENGINEER
Present your solution
• Active member of a professional society
• Courses
• Reading technical and professional journals

AN ENGINEER’S EDUCATION DOES NOT END AT GRADUATION

 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design

Standards and Codes

 Aluminum Association (AA)
 American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA)
 American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)
 American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI)
 American National Standards Institute (ANSI)5
 ASM International
 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
 American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM)
 American Welding Society (AWS)
 American Bearing Manufacturers Association (ABMA)7
 British Standards Institution (BSI)
 Industrial Fasteners Institute (IFI)
 Institution of Mechanical Engineers (I. Mech. E.)
 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design

Economics
Standard Sizes
Large Tolerances
Breakeven Points
Cost Estimates
 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design

Uncertainty
Examples of uncertainties concerning
stress and strength include:
• Composition of material and the effect of variation on properties.
• Variations in properties from place to place within a bar of stock.
• Effect of processing locally, or nearby, on properties.
• Effect of nearby assemblies such as weldments and shrink fits on
stress conditions.
• Effect of thermomechanical treatment on properties.
• Intensity and distribution of loading.
• Validity of mathematical models used to represent reality.
• Intensity of stress concentrations.
• Influence of time on strength and geometry.
• Effect of corrosion.
• Effect of wear.
 Materials Processing and Design
Teknik Mesin, Universitas Gunadarma Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design

Dimensions and Tolerances

Nominal size.
Limits.
Tolerance
Bilateral tolerance
Unilateral tolerance.
Clearance.
Interference
Allowance