LIVE HUMAN DETECTION ROBOT

FOR EARTHQUAKE RESCUE OPERATIONS

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Project Members:
Under the Esteemed Guidance of BATCH-B3
R.L.PRASANNA S.S.V.S.KRISHNA (15221A0454)
(Assistant Professor)
Ch.K.Bhavani(15221A0476)
V.PRAKASH (15221A0462)
D.SAI GANESH(15221A0481)
M.LAVANYA(15221A04A6)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

BONAM VENKATA CHALAMAYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(AUTONOMUS)
(Approved by A.I.C.T.E, New Delhi & Affiliated to J.N.T.U.K, Kakinada)
(Accredited by NAAC with “A” Grade)
ODALAREVU-533210
(2015-2019)
CONTENTS :

 Abstract
 Introduction
 Block Diagram
 Working Principle
 Hardware
 Software
 Applications
 References
 ABSTRACT
Natural calamities are occur and they are unstoppable. For that
humans are becoming increasingly aware in the concept of intelligent rescue
operations in such calamities so that precious life and material can be saved
though calamities cannot be stopped. Still there are lots of disasters that
occur all of a sudden and Earthquake is one such thing. Earthquakes produce a
devastating effect and they see no difference between human and material.
Hence a lot of times humans are buried among the debris and it become
impossible to detect them. In that time rescue can only save the people who
are buried and wounded.
Detection by rescue workers becomes time consuming and due to the
vast area that gets affected it becomes more difficult. So the project proposes
an autonomous robotic vehicle that moves in the earthquake prone area and
helps in identifying the alive people and rescue operations.
 INTRODUCTION

Building collapse, bomb explosions and natural calamities

like Tsunami and earthquake are often occur and cannot be stopped by
humans even with much advanced technology in today’s world.
In such disasters we see many of the bodies will be trapped
under such collapses and rescue teams and firefighters take much risk and
try to save them. But there is a chance that even with such great effort by
the rescue teams, the found bodies may be alive or in dead state which in
turn a waste of precious time of the rescue teams which can be utilized in
saving other live bodies. So in such critical conditions to assist rescue
teams this project comes very handy. It takes care to confirm whether the
human or any other body is alive or not and inform the same to the rescue
teams so that they can take appropriate action on time.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
 WORKING PRINCIPLE

A unique Passive Infrared sensor(PIR) is used in the project which

emits infrared rays to detect humans. As live human body emits
thermal radiation it is received and manipulated by the PIR sensor
to detect humans. Once the people are located it immediately gives
audio alert visual alerts to the authorities so that help can reach the
live person so fast.
This PIR sensor is placed on a moving all direction robot that can
maneuver in the earthquake prone areas. The robot is driven on a
geared DC motor for increased torque and low speed and stepper
motor for increased turning accuracy hence the precise control of
position is monitored. The robot consists of a three wheel geared
drive with DC motors attached to perform forward and reverse
movement.
 HARDWARE COMPONENTS

 Raspberry Pi 3: Model B+, 1GB SD RAM, 1.2 GHz

 Passive Infrared Rays (P.I.R) sensor: 3.3v, 1200 angle, 5-8sec delay
 USB camera: 20 mega pixel
 DC motors: 3-9 v range
 Motor driver: L293D
 Wi-Fi router: 150-300 meters range
 Rechargeable battery:(9-12)v for motors
Raspberry Pi:
Main module used in the project is
Raspberry pi 3 which is a credit card sized
minicomputer with high performance and
reasonable cost. The main advantage of this Pi
board is it comes with inbuilt on board Wi-Fi and
Bluetooth which is an added advantage.

Specifications:

 SoC: Broadcom BCM2837

 CPU: 4*ARM Cortex-A53, 1.2 GHz
 GPU: Broadcom VideoCore IV.
 RAM :1GB LPDDR2 (900 MHz)
 Networking: 10/100 Ethernet,2.4 GHz 802.11n
wireless
 Bluetooth: 4.1 Classic, Low Energy
 Storage: MicroSD
 GPIO: 40-pin header.
PASSIVE INFRA RED (PIR) SENSOR:

Next important module is

the PIR sensor which is used to detection
the human presence in the project. It
consists of three pins namely Vcc, Out
and Gnd pin. The range of the device
varies from application and also depends
on environment it is been operating.
WORKING OF PIR IN
PICTORIAL WAY
Wi-Fi Router:
Wi-Fi router used in the project is
to create a hotspot so that the
Raspberry Pi and the PC gets
connected via a network and can be
operated to control the robot in the
field. The maximum range is 150m in
this case.
USB Camera:
The USB camera used here is to know the live
streaming of the location and also used to
confirm presence of human being. The cam used
in the project is directly connected to Pi board via
USB port and can be accessed by entering its IP
address.
 DC MOTORS&MOTOR DRIVERS

In this project, we're using python scripts

run on a Raspberry Pi to set GPIO outputs to an
L293D motor controller IC and run a DC motor in
either direction at any speed.
GPIO stands for "General Purpose
Input/Output".
These pins can either send electrical signals to
drive hardware or receive them and read sensor
data. We're using them as outputs, to send
signals to the L293D IC Chip, which is just a chip
used to control DC motors.
Software Tools Required:
 Raspbian OS: Flavour of Debian Linux
 Language : Python Latest version(3.7)
 Web Page Language : PHP
 Library : Wiring Pi library
 Camera Software : Camorama
 Python Gipo
 Server : Appache Server
 CONCLUSION

The goal of this work was to provide a rescue

robot for human detection in a disaster environment. Though,
the existing Urban Search and Rescue Robots are equipped with
various sensors, but the problem with them is the cost and
complexity of circuit. Raspberry Pi3 and PIR sensor plays the
major role in this project detect the human presence in disaster
zones using a wireless robot which in turn reduce the risk for the
rescue teams and to increase the chances of saving more lives on
time without any delay in the rescue operation.
 REFERENCES
IEEE PAGE: IJDCST @ July-Aug-2017, Issue- V-5, I-5,
SW-15 ISSN-2320-7884 (Online) ISSN-2321-0257
1. Dr. D.Nagendra Rao. B.Tech, M.E.,Ph.D., MBA.
2. JNTU Kakinada and BE degree in ECE from Sri Ramanand Theerth
Maratwada University
3. https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation
4. https://developer.arm.com/products/processors/cortexa/cortex
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RaspberryPi