Overview on RF

OPTIMIZATION
INTERFERENCE MEASUREMENT IN GSM RADIO FREQUENCY
 Introduction to mobile technology

 From wired technology like land lines, the evolution of technology lead to
wireless communication like mobiles,laptops,wifi etc.
 The telephone has long been important in modern living, but it use has
been constrained by connecting wires.
 Hence mobile communication with greater mobility has been into
demand as people now need more flexibility.
 Mobile technology presently is not meant for only calling but also can
perform various Tasks like camera,music which also adopted GSM
technology
Mobile communication objectives

 The important objectives of the mobile communication are

 Any time anywhere communication
 Mobility & Roaming
 High capacity & subs. density
 Efficient use of radio spectrum
 Seamless Network Architecture
 Low cost
 Innovative Services
 Standard Interfaces
DIFFERENT GENERATIONS 1G - 4G

 1st generation: 1G- analog,only voice

 2nd generation: 2G- GSM,digital,voice+data(very low speed).
 2.5G- GPRS,voice+data(increased data speed).
 2.75G-EDGE,voice+data(more faster in 2G).
 3rd generation: 3G- WCDMA,voice+data(greater speed achieved).
 4th generation:4G- Advanced LTE,VOICE+data(maximum speed used
presently).
NETWORK ARCHITECTURE IN GSM
FUNCTIONS OF BTS

 The primary responsibility of the BTS(Base Tranceiver Station) is to transmit and receive
radio signals from a mobile unit over an air interface.
 The signals are encoded, encrypted, multiplexed, modulated, and then fed to the antenna
system at the cell site to transmit through BTS.
 A BTS compares radio transmission and reception devices, up to and including the
antennas, and also all the signal processing specific to the radio interface.
 A single transceiver within BTS supports eight basic radio channels of the same TDM
frame.
 Several BTS’s are connected to one local BSC(Base station Controller).
GSM RF OPTIMIZATION

 optimization. : An act, process, or methodology of making something (as a

design, system, or decision) as fully perfect, functional, or effective as possible;
specifically.
 Optimization of GSM Radio Frequencies of the BTS is mainly based on three
fafactors.
 Coverage of the BTS
 Capacity of the BTS
 Quality of Service given by the BTS.
COVERAGE,CAPACITY,QOS

 The BTS are optimized to give maximum output.

 The factors that effect coverage,capacity and QOS are
 Height of the antenna, laction of the BTS,number of buildings