ARYAMAN SINGH DEV

VII – A

HISTORY - MUGHAL ART AND

ARCHITECTURE
INTRODUCTION

 Mughal architecture is the architectural style developed by

the Mughals in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries throughout
the extent of their empire in the Indian subcontinent.
 It was an amalgam of Islamic, Persian, and Indian
architecture.
 Examples of the style can be found in India, Pakistan,
Afghanistan and Bangladesh.
THE MUGHAL EMPIRE
 The Mughal dynasty was established after the victory of Babur at
Panipat in 1526.
 During his reign, Babur took interest in erecting buildings. His
grandson Akbar built widely, and the style developed during his reign.
He built a tomb for his father Humayun, the Agra Fort, and the fort-
city of Fatehpur Sikri. Akbar's son Jahangir commissioned the
Shalimar Gardens in Kashmir.
 Mughal architecture reached its zenith during the reign of Shah Jahan,
who constructed the Jama Masjid, the Red Fort, the Shalimar Gardens
in Lahore, and the most famous Mughal monument, the Taj Mahal.
 While Shah Jahan’s son Aurangzeb built some buildings such as the
Badshahi Mosque in Lahore, his reign corresponded with the decline of
Mughal architecture and the Empire itself.
MAIN CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES

 The Mughals constructed excellent mausoleums, mosques,

forts, gardens and cities.
 The main characteristics are :
1. The usage of Iwans
2. Extensive use of arches
3. Gardens, fountains and pools
4. Domes
5. Symmetry
FAMOUS MUGHAL ATTRACTIONS

 Some famous mughal attractions IN

INDIA are:
1. TAJ MAHAL IN AGRA
2. RED FORT IN DELHI
3. JAMA MASJID IN DELHI
4. HUMAYUN’S TOMB IN DELHI
5. FATEHPUR SIKRI IN UTTAR PRADESH
TAJ MAHAL
 This is the most popular
example of Mughal
architecture which was built
by Shah Jahan in memory of
his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
 Taj Mahal is in Agra, India
and was built in 1648.
 Taj Mahal is also one of the
worlds seven wonders and
its white marbled tomb is
the main thing behind its
fame.
 Today the popularity of the
Taj Mahal shows that the
love of Shah Jahan for his
wife was very pure.
RED FORT

 Red Fort commonly known as Lal Qillah is located in Old Delhi, India.
 It was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. It was built in the walled
city of Old Delhi. In its early days this fort served as residence for the
Mughal Emperors.
 But later on Mughal emperor Shah Jahan shifted his capital from Agra to
Red Fort.
 The construction of the red fort was started in 1638 and was completed
in 1648, Red Fort is also included in the list of World Heritage Sites.
JAMA MASJID

 The Masjid-i Jahān-Numā commonly known as the Jama

Masjid of Delhi, is the principal mosque of Old Delhi in India.
 Commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, it is the
largest and best-known mosque in India.
 Construction began in 1650 and was completed in 1656.
 It lies at the beginning of the Chawri Bazar Road, a very busy
central street of Old Delhi.
HUMAYUN’S TOMB
1. Humayun’s Tomb is located in Delhi,
India. Its close to the Purran Qilla in
old Delhi, India.
2. This tomb was built by the wife of
Humayun named Haji Begum.
3. Humayun’s Tomb was the first garden
tomb on the Indian Subcontinent and
it was also the first building to use
red sandstone at such a large scale.
4. Humayun’s Tomb is also included in
the list of world Heritage sites by
UNESCO, it was included in the list in
1993 and since than the restoration
work is going on in the Tomb.
5. Mughal’s last emperor Bhadar Shah
Zafar took refuge in this fort during
the last days of Mughal Dynasty and
was captured by British army in the
late 19th century.
 FATEHPUR SIKRI

 Fatehpur Sikri is a city and municipal board in Agra district, Uttar Pradesh,
India.
 Fatehpur Sikri was built by Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1569.
 After that Akbar shifted the capital of the state from Agra to Fatehpur
Sikri, which served as Mughal dynasty capital from 1571 to 1585 AD.
 Fatehpur Sikri was a full planned walled city with many types of buildings
like, guest houses, Diwan, Masjids in it.
 This Mughal Building is also included in the list of world heritage sites.
CONCLUSION
BY – ARYAMAN
CLASS – VII-A