FCPS part 1

Physics Module
 Physics Module

Fayzan Ahmed
Medical Physicists/RPO
Liaquat National Hospital
 Content
• Basic Radiation physics / Radiological Physics
– Structure of atom
– Units in Radiological physics
– Types of Radiation in diagnostic radiology
 Content
• Radiation ↔ matter interaction
– Production of X-rays and types
• Terminologies
• Filtration
– Interaction of radiation with matter
• Scattering, absorbance and transmittance
• Radiation effects/damage
 Content
• Radiation protection and local regulatory
guidelines (PNRA regualtions)
 Content
• Imaging with radiation
– CR and DR X-rays Ionizing
– Fluoroscopy X-rays Ionizing
– Ultrasound Non-ionizing
– MR RF waves Non-ionizing
– Gamma γ-waves Ionizing
 Content
As the course goes along the contents
will be updated
Resources
Online Resources
Basic radiation Physics
 Basic radiation Physics

Coulomb Force

Strong Nuclear
Force
Basic radiation Physics
Basic radiation Physics
 Basic radiation Physics
Q. Concerning the nucleus of atoms
a. It is made up of protons and electrons
b. It is made up of protons and neutrons
c. Nucleons are held together by the strong nuclear force
d. The mass number represents the number of protons

e. The number of protons and neutrons is always equal

 Basic radiation Physics
Q. Concerning the nucleus of atoms
a. It is made up of protons and electrons False
b. It is made up of protons and neutrons True
c. Nucleons are held together by the strong nuclear force True
d. The mass number represents the number of protons False

e. The number of protons and neutrons is always equal False

The gamma and PET imaging is concerned with radioactivity which is

related with nucleus of an atom. Its details will be covered in Nuclear
Medicine.
Binding energy : energy expanded by atom to become ionized (free
electron) . It is shown as negative
Electromagnetic radiation EMR
Electromagnetic radiation EMR
Electromagnetic radiation EMR
 Electromagnetic radiation EMR

Q. The following are part of the Electromagnetic (EM) spectrum

a. Sound waves

b. Microwaves

c. Ultraviolet light

d. Alpha particles

e. X-rays
 Electromagnetic radiation EMR

Q. The following are part of the Electromagnetic (EM) spectrum

a. Sound waves False

b. Microwaves True

c. Ultraviolet light TRUE

d. Alpha particles False

e. X-rays True
Electromagnetic radiation EMR
Electromagnetic radiation EMR
Electromagnetic radiation EMR
Electromagnetic radiation EMR
Electromagnetic radiation EMR
 Electromagnetic radiation EMR

Q. Regarding electromagnetic beam radiation:

a. Energy fluence is the number of photons per unit area of a beam

b. Beam intensity is the total amount of energy per unit area travelling per unit time

c. Wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency

d. Frequency is inversely proportional to photon energy (keV)

e. Photon energy is inversely proportional to wavelength

 Electromagnetic radiation EMR

Q. Regarding electromagnetic beam radiation:

a. Energy fluence is the number of photons per unit area of a beam False

b. Beam intensity is the total amount of energy per unit area travelling per unit time
True

c. Wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency True

d. Frequency is inversely proportional to photon energy (keV) False

e. Photon energy is inversely proportional to wavelength True