Introduction and

Defining Globalization
Prepared by:
Yannel M. Villaber
Learning outcomes
At the end of the discussion, the student should
be able to:

1. Differentiate the competing conceptions

regarding globalization
2. Agree on a working definition of
globalization for the course
3. Create an infomercial on the implications
and impacts of globalization
4. Watch the movie Way to Home and write
a reflective paper on the thematic element
that has connection with globalization
MOTIVATION
1. Who among you here have
relatives/friends outside the
country.

2. What were your means to

connect to them?
List ten (10) things inside
your bag
Why this course?
• Avoid parochialism
• World teaches us more about our
society
• Filipinos increasingly interacting with
the world
• OFW 4,018 Filipinos per day in 2009,
6,092 in 2015
• Internet, cheaper travel, presence
of MNCs
The course’s approach: The
Study of Globalization
• Globalization: inherently
interdisciplinary
• See contemporary world through a
broad lens
• Allows us to examine various
globalizing processes
• Forces us to ask questions re. global
citizenship
Academic definition
• As opposed to popular/activist
definition:

• Not “neoliberal globalization”/

“market globalism”
The need for an
interdisciplinary approach
• We need to transcend our
disciplinary boundaries…
Otherwise, we won’t talk!
For a political scientist
• Political scientist: “Challenge to the
nation state.”
• Strength of regional blocks
• Emergence of global political
norms
 For a political scientist
• Political scientist: “Challenge to the
nation state.”
• Emergence of corporations
(http://www.businessinsider.com/25-
corporations-bigger-tan-countries-
2011-6#walmart-is-bigger-than-
norway-25
 For the economist…
• Increased free trade
• Speed of trade (milliseconds to trade
shares)
• Global economic organizations
• Regional trade blocks
Increased free trade
Global Economic
Organizations
Global Economic
Organizations
Global Economic
Organizations
Global Economic
Organizations
Regional Trade Blocs
For the scholar of culture and
communication
• “Global village”
• Communications technology as
“shrinking” our world
• “Cultural imperialism”
They are ALL correct.
How do we bring these various
perspectives together?
• Working definition of globalization:

Steger: “Globalization refers to the

expansion and intensification of social
relations and consciousness across world-
time and world-space”
 Attributes of Globalization
1. Various forms of connectivity
2. Expansion and stretching of social
relations
3. Intensification and acceleration of social
exchanges and activities
4. Occurs subjectively
1. Various forms of connectivity
• They are diverse (can be economic,
political, cultural, etc.)
• They are enabled by various factors,
pressures, media, etc.
• They are uneven (different degrees
of interconnection)
2. Expansion and Stretching of
Social Relations

A. NGOs
B. Friendships/Relationships
C. Government associations
D. MNCs
3. Intensification and
Acceleration of Social
Exchanges and Activities
A. From snail mail to Facebook
B. Live television
C. Increased travel (cheap
flights)
4. Occurs Subjectively
A. We think about the world
(#PrayforParis for example)
B. We associate ourselves with global
trends (fan of K-Pop)
C. Hopefully, we feel some sense of
responsibility (climate change)
THIS PROCESS IS UNEVEN..
Helpful question: What is being
globalized?
• The different forms of connectivity
and flows are different facets of
globalization
• Different “globalities” represent
different forms of globalization – Flusty
(2004)
• Depending on the globality, you see
a different dynamic
Globalization Definition
• - “Processes by which goods, services,
capital, people, information, and ideas flow
across national borders (Grewal, and Levy,
2009)”.

• - “Trend toward greater economic, cultural ,

political, and technological interdependence
among national institutions and economies
Wild, Wild, and Han, 2008).”
Globalization is about the
liberalization and global
integration of markets
government Economy
Globalization is inevitable
and irreversible
Nobody is in charge of
globalization
 Globalization benefits
everyone…in the long run
 Globalization furthers the
spread of democracy in the
world
 From market globalism to
imperial globalism…and back
 Globalization Involving Us All
• Nearly 23 trillion dollars • Your Everyday Life:
accounts for the total value • Wake up to a GE alarm clock
of imports/exports that made in China
cross national borders each • Slip on Adidas sandals made in
Indonesia
year.
• Put your American Eagle
clothes on from Mexico
• Unplug your Apple phone made
in the U.S. and China
• Hop into your Toyota made in
Kentucky
• Listen to Coldplay from England
• Grap a Starbuck’s coffee with
beans harvested in Columbia

Wild, J., Wild, K., & Han, J. (2008). International Business: The Challenges of Globalization. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
 Globalization (Continued)
Top Ten Globalized Countries

Series1

Wild, J., Wild, K., & Han, J. (2008). International Business: The Challenges of Globalization. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Question:

What do you think is the most important

story of the day?

(bombing in Quiapo, traffic in EDSA)

Reference
• Steger,M, Battersby,S., Siracusa,J . (2014).
Sage Handbook of Globalization. UK: Sage
Publication’s Ltd.
Next meeting
Film Showing “ The Way Home”
ASSIGNMENT:
In at least 250 words, write your idea about
the effects of globalisation based on your
individual experiences through reflection
paper, which will be graded according the
following criteria :
RUBRIC FOR
SLOGAN/POSTER MAKING
• CONTENT- 35%
• CREATIVITY- 20%
• RELEVANCE- 25%
• CLEANLINESS-20%