He said what?

Analyze the following conversations between Mang

Cesar and Crispin.

Crispin: Mang Cesar:

“We hauled the Crispin said that they
ipil trees,” the hauled the ipil trees.
farmer said.
He said what?
Analyze the following conversations between Mang
Cesar and Crispin.
Mang Cesar:
Crispin:
The child stated that
“I did not eat
he did not eat this
this morning,”
morning.
the child stated.
 Processing…
1. What do you observe about the lines of Mang Cesar?
Crispin?
2. How are the lines of Mang Cesar presented? How
about Crispin’s?
3. What tense of the verb was used in the lines of Mang
Cesar? Crispin?
4. Which of the characters used direct speech? Reported
Speech?
 DIRECT AND
REPORTED SPEECH
“I did not eat this morning,” the child stated.
The child stated that he did not eat this morning.
 This is Good to Know!
•A DIRECT SPEECH is a sentence that gives a
statement or thought in its original form
according to how the original speaker said it.
EXAMPLE:
“He planted rice in our land,” replied Crispin.
“Many men like to borrow rice from me,” Mang
Cesar said.
 This is Good to Know!
•A REPORTED SPEECH or INDIRECT SPEECH
is a sentence that expresses the content of a
statement without quoting just like what is done
in direct speech.
EXAMPLES:
Crispin replied that he planted rice in their land.
Mang Cesar said that many men like to borrow
rice from him.
Direct Speech – the words actually
spoken.

Indirect Speech – one tells what had been

spoken by another.

Indirect speech do not have quotation

marks.
 Observe…
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT or REPORTED
SPEECH
“He planted rice in our Crispin replied that he
land,” replied Crispin. planted rice in their land.
“Many men like to borrow Mang Cesar said that many
rice from me,” Mang Cesar men like to borrow rice from
said. him.
Analyze…

“I already ate,” said Crispin.

Crispin said that he already ate.

 Remember…
• To change a direct speech to a reported speech and vice
versa, you need to take note of the following:

 TENSE OF THE VERB (is it in the past tense or present

tense?)
PRONOUNS (do you need to change pronouns like “I”
to “she/he”?)
Study how direct quotations are converted into indirect quotations.

Indirect discourse is introduced by

a. That for statements.
Direct Speech:
He says, “We must not tell you.”

Indirect Speech:
He says that they must not tell you.
 Indirect discourse is introduced by
b. If for simple questions (yes/no answers)
Direct Speech:
She asks, “Is it something to eat?”

Indirect Speech:
She asks if it is something to eat.
 Indirect Speech is introduced by
c. Whether for questions with alternatives.
Direct Speech:
She asks, “Is it large or small?”

Indirect Speech:
She asks whether it is large or small.
 Indirect speech is introduced by
d. To + verb for commands and requests.
Direct Speech:
He said, “Tell me what it is.”

Indirect Speech:
He told me to tell him what it was.
 PRESENT - PAST
"I never understand She told me that she
you," she told me. never understood
me.

"We are doing exercises," He explained that

he explained. they were doing
exercises.
PRESENT PERFECT – PAST PERFECT
"I have broken the He admitted that he
window," he had broken the
admitted. window.

"I have been waiting since He complained that

the morning," he he had been waiting
complained. since the morning.
 PAST – PAST PERFECT
"She went to I thought that she
Rome," I thought. had gone to Rome.

"He was thinking of She said that he

buying a new car," she had been thinking
said. of buying a new car.
 Take note!
I shall, we shall usually become would.

"I shall He said he

appreciate would
it," he said. appreciate it.
 Take note!
I should, we should usually change
into would.
"We should She told us
be really they would be
glad," she really glad.
told us.
 Take note!
May becomes might.

"I may write She promised

to him," she that she
promised. might write to
him.
Try this!

He said, "I like this

song."
He said that he liked that
song.
Try this!

"Where is your sister?"

she asked me.
She asked me where my
sister was.
Try this!

"I don't speak Italian,"

she said.
She said that she didn't
speak Italian.
Try this!

"Say hello to Jim," they

said.
They asked me to say hello
to Jim.
Try this!

"The film began at

seven o'clock," he said.
He said that the film had
begun at seven o'clock.
Try this!

"Don't play on the

grass, boys," she said.
She told the boys not to play
on the grass.
Try this!

"Where have you spent your

money?" she asked him.
She asked him where he had
spent his money.
Try this!

"I never make mistakes,"

he said.
He said that he never made
mistakes.
Try this!

"Does she know Robert?"

he wanted to know.
He wanted to know if she
knew Robert.
Try this!

"Don't try this at home," the

stuntman told the audience.
The stuntman advised the
audience not to try that at
home.
Seatwork: Analyze the given sentences. Change the direct speech to reported
speech and vice versa.
1. Mang Cesar said, ”I brought five cavanes of rice.”
2. Crispin replied, “My family accepted the rice you gave us.”
3. I like to eat rice every morning,” Crispin’s son said.
4. “He prepares the field every summer,” Mang Cesar stated.
5. Crispin’s wife reported, “Five men stole the horses.”
6. His son pointed out that he was really hungry since yesterday.
7. The wife of Crispin said that she was suffering from the drought.
8. Mang Cesar stated that the rice was ready for harvesting.
9. The children mentioned that they played in the farm yesterday.
10. Crispin said that he already fed Potro.
1. Mang Cesar said, ”I brought five cavanes of rice.” – Mang Cesar said that he brought five cavanes of rice.
2. Crispin replied, “My family accepted the rice you gave us.” – Crispin replied that his family accepted the rice he
had given to them.
3. “I like to eat rice every morning,” Crispin’s son said. – Crispin’s son said that he like to eat rice every morning.
4. “He prepares the field every summer,” Mang Cesar stated. – Mang Cesar stated that he prepares the field every
summer.
5. Crispin’s wife reported, “Five men stole the horses.” – Cripin’s wife reported that five men had stolen the horse.
6. His son pointed out that he was really hungry since yesterday. – “I am really hungry since yesterday,” his son
pointed out. / His son pointed out, “I am really hungry since yesterday.”
7. The wife of Crispin said that she was suffering from the drought. – “I am suffering from the drought,” Crispin’s
wife said. / Crispin’s wife said, “I am suffering from the drought.”
8. Mang Cesar stated that the rice was ready for harvesting. – “The rice is ready for harvesting,” Mang Cesar
stated. / Mang Cesar stated, “The rice is ready for harvesting.”
9. The children mentioned that they played in the farm yesterday. – “We played in the farm yesterday,” the
children mentioned. / The children mentioned, “We played in the farm yesterday.”
10. Crispin said that he already fed Potro. – “I already fed Potro,” Crispin said. / Crispin said, “I already fed Potro.”