Escolar Documentos
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Articles 12-15
(Social Justice Issues)
By Prof. Jet Castillo
The 1987 Constitution
Fairness in society
Article 12
National Economy & Patrimony
National Parks
Shall be conserved, logging ban may be
prescribed
Ancestral lands of indigenous cultural
communities must be respected and
protected
Article 12
National Economy & Patrimony
LABOR
- the state shall protect laborers, local
and abroad.
- promote full employment
PEOPLE’S ORGANIZATIONS
- encourage establishments of People’s
Orgs and Non-Government Orgs (NGOs)
Fields
AGRARIAN REFORM
- tenants shall own lands
URBAN LAND REFORM
- resettlement of squatters and homeless
citizens in the cities.
Fields
HEALTH
- promotion and protection of the right to
health
WOMEN
- protect working women by providing
safe working conditions and maternity
benefits.
Article 14
Educ, S&T, Culture & Sports
The highest budgetary priority is
EDUCATION
During the Marcos administration, the
department with the highest budgetary
allocation was the MILITARY.
Free education up to high school
Now up to College
Article 14
Educ, S&T, Culture & Sports
All schools should have a course on the
Philippine Constitution (section 3)
Filipino is our national language, and it
must be cultivated and promoted.
The state shall protect inventors,
scientists, national artists, and national
athletes.
Article 15
The Family
The Filipino Family
- foundation of the nation
Divorce is not mentioned, but it is
discouraged
What we have in the Philippines is
annulment
Article 15
The Family
Annulment versus Divorce
Divorce means “the marriage was
established by a wedding ceremony, and
we are now quitting it.”
Annulment means “there was no
marriage established in the first place,
because the wedding ceremony was null
and void.”
Article 15
The Family
Grounds for annulment:
The priest/pastor/minister has no license
or has an expired license.
One or both of the contracting parties
(man and woman) faked their
documents.
One or both of the contracting parties
was drunk during the wedding.
Article 15
The Family
Grounds for annulment:
They got married in a church wherein
they are not members.
Shot gun marriage
One of the contracting parties is mentally
or psychologically incapacitated.
Note: there should be no connivance
Article 15
The Family
Grounds for divorce (in other countries):
Irreconcilable personal differences (most
simple reason)