Presentation

Topics

 Wireless Web
 Diff b/w E-Business & E-Commerce
 E-Governance
 What is wireless web?`

Wireless web means

Wireless 04
Having no wires between sender and receiver

Web Web allows us to transmit and sharing

information over world wide web
 What is wireless web?`

 It refers to world wide web through wireless device

 Such as cellular telephone personal digital assistant.
 It provide connectivity anytime/anywhere
 It is estimated that 95% of wireless internet devices
being manufactured uses the wireless application
protocol(WAP)
 History
The first professional wireless network was developed
under the brand (ALOHA) in 1969 the university of
Hawaii and became operational in June 1971.The first
commercial wireless was the wave LAN product family
product family developed by NCR in 1986.
1991 2G cell phone network.
June 1997 80.11 “Wi-Fi” protocol first release.
1999 803.11 VoIP integration.
Types of Wireless Network

Wireless PAN

04
Types of Wireless Network
Wireless LAN
 Types of Wireless Network
Wireless ad hoc network or wireless mash or
mobile ad hoc network
Types of Wireless Network
Wireless MAN

04
Types of Wireless Network
Wireless WAN
Types of Wireless Network
Cellular network
Types of Wireless Network
Global Area Network
Types of Wireless Network
Space Network
 Properties Of Wireless
General :
Each wireless technology is defined by a standard that describes
unique functions at both the Physical and the Data Link layers of
the OSI model. These standards differ in their specified signalling
methods, geographic ranges, and frequency usages, among other
things. Such differences can make certain technologies better
suited to home networks and others better suited to network larger
organizations.
 Properties Of Wireless
Performance
The performance of wireless networks satisfies a variety of applications
such as voice and video. The use of this technology also gives room for
expansions, such as from 2G to 3G and, 4G and 5G technologies which
stand for the fourth and fifth generation of cell phone mobile
communications standards. As wireless networking has become
common place, sophistication increases through configuration of
network hardware and software, and greater capacity to send and
receive larger amounts of data, faster, is achieved. Now the wireless
network has been running on LTE, which is a 4G mobile communication
standard. Users of an LTE network should have data speeds that are 10x
faster than a 3G network.
 Properties Of Wireless

Space
Wireless networks offer many advantages when it comes to difficu
lt-to-wire areas trying to communicate such as across a street or
river, a warehouse on the other side of the premises or buildings
that are physically separated but operate as one. Wireless
networks allow for users to designate a certain space which the
network will be able to communicate with other devices through
that network.
 Wireless Network Elements
 The telecommunications network at the physical layer also
consists of many interconnected wirelinels(NEs).
 Wireless NEs are the products and devices used by a wireless
carrier to provide support for the backhaud network as well as
a mobile switching center MSC).
 the NEs that are located on the cell tower to the base cabinet.
 for individual components, such as hardware, cables,connectors
and closures, shall take into consideration the structure to which
they are attached.
 Difficulties in wireless web

Interferences
Compared to wired systems, wireless networks are
frequently subject to electromagnetic interference. This
can be caused by other networks or other types of
equipment that generate radio waves that are within, or
close, to the radio bands used for communication.
Interference can degrade the signal or cause the system
to fail.
 Difficulties in Wireless Web
Absorption and Reflection
Some materials cause absorption of electromagnetic waves,
preventing it from reaching the receiver, in other cases, particularl
y with metallic or conductive materials reflection occurs. This can
cause dead zones where no reception is available. Aluminium
foiled thermal isolation in modern homes can easily reduce indoor
mobile signals by 10 dB frequently leading to complaints about the
bad reception of long-distance rural cell signals.
 Difficulties in Wireless Web

Multipath Fading
In multipath fading two or more different routes taken by
the signal, due to reflections, can cause the signal to
cancel out at certain locations, and to be stronger in
other places (up fade).
 Difficulties in Wireless Web

Hidden node problem

The hidden node problem occurs in some types of network when
a node is visible from a wireless access point (AP), but not from
other nodes communicating with that AP. This leads to difficulties
in media access control.ontrol
 Difficulties in Wireless Web

Shared resource problem

The wireless spectrum is a limited resource and shared by all nodes in the
range of its transmitters. Bandwidth allocation becomes complex with multiple
participating users. Often users are not aware that advertised numbers (e.g.,
for IEEE 802.11 equipment or LTE networks) are not their capacity, but shared
with all other users and thus the individual user rate is far lower. With increasing
demand, the capacity crunch is more and more likely to happen. User-in-the-
loop(UIL) may be an alternative solution to ever upgrading to newer
technologies for Over-provisioning. over-provisioning.
 Capacity in Wireless Web
Channel
Shannon's theorem can describe the maximum data rate of any single wireless
link, which relates to the bandwidth in hertz and to the noise on the channel.
One can greatly increase channel capacity by using MIMO techniques, where
multiple aerials or multiple frequencies can exploit multiple paths to the
receiver to achieve much higher throughput – by a factor of the product of the
frequency and aerial diversity at each end.
Under Linux, the Central Regulatory Domain Agent (CRDA) controls the setting
of channels.
 Capacity in Wireless Web
Network
The total network bandwidth depends on how dispersive the
medium is (more dispersive medium generally has better total
bandwidth because it minimises interference), how many
frequencies are available, how noisy those frequencies are, how
many aerials are used and whether a directional antenna is in use
, whether nodes employ power control and so on. there are two
bands for now 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. mostly 5 gigahertz band gives
better connection and speed.
 Safety
Wireless access points are also often close to humans, but the
drop off in power over distance is fast,following the inverse-square
law. The position of the United Kingdom's Health Protection
Agency (HPA) is that “...radio frequency (RF) exposures from
Wi-Fi are likely to be lower than those from mobile phones.” It also
saw “...no reason why schools and others should not use Wi-Fi
equipment.” In October 2007, the HPA launched a new
“systematic” study into the effects of Wi-Fi networks on behalf
of the UK government, in order to calm fears that had appeared
in the media in a recent period up to that time". Dr Michael Clark,
of the HPA, says published research on mobile phones and masts
does not add up to an indictment of Wi-Fi.
  Diff b/w E-Business & E-Commerce
Definition of E-Commerce:-
E-Commerce is an abbreviation used for electronic
Commerce. It is the process through which the buying,
selling, dealing, ordering and paying for the goods and
services are done over the internet is known as
E-Commerce. In this type of online commercial
transaction, the seller can communicate with the buyer
without having a face to face interaction.
Example:- Online banking, Online shopping,Online ticket
booking, Social networking etc.
 Diff b/w E-Business & E-Commerce
Types of E-Commerce
 B2B –The process where buying and selling of goods and services between
businesses is known as Business to Business.
Example: Oracle, Alibaba, Qualcomm, etc.
 B2C – The process whereby the goods are sold by the business to customer
. Example: Intel, Dell etc.
 C2C – The commercial transaction between customer to customer
. Example: OLX, Quickr etc.
 C2B – The commercial transaction between customer to the business.
 Diff b/w E-Business & E-Commerce
Definition of E-business:-
E-business is not confined to buying and selling of goods only, but
it includes other activities that also form part of business like
providing services to the customers, communicating with
employees, client or business partners can contact the company
in case if they want to have a word with the company, or they have
any issue regarding the services, etc. All the basic business
operations are done using electronic media.
 Diff b/w E-Business & E-Commerce

Types of E-business
 Pure-Play:- The business which is having an electronic
existence only. Example: Hotels.com
 Brick and Click: The business model, in which the business
exists both in online i.e. electronic and offline i.e. physical mode
.
Diff b/w E-Business & E-Commerce
E-Business
E-Business is conduct of
business processes on the
internet.
E-Business is superset of
E-Commerce.
In addition, E-Business also
includes the exchange of
information directly related
to buying and selling of
products.
E-Commerce
E-Commerce involves com
mercial transactions done
over internet.
E-Commerce is subset of
E-business.
E-Commerce is use of
electronic transmission
medium that caters for
buying and selling of
products and services.
Diff b/w E-Business & E-Commerce
E-Business
In addition it includes activities
like procurement of raw
materials or goods, customer
education, looking for supplier
s etc.
E-Business involves the use of
CRM's, ERP's that connect
different business processes.
E-Business covers internal
processes such as production,
inventory management,
product development, risk
management, finance etc.
E-Commerce
Thus, those activities which
essentially involve monetary
transactions are termed as
"E-Commerce".
E-Commerce usually requires
the use of just a website.
E-Commerce covers outward
facing process that touch
customers, suppliers and
external partners.
Diff b/w E-Business & E-Commerce
E-Business E-Commerce

E-Business includes all kinds E-Commerce just involves

of pre-sale and post-sale Buying and selling of product
efforts. and services.

It is a broader concept that E-Commerce is narrower

involves market surveying, concept and restricted to
supply chain and logistic buying and selling.
management and using
Datamining.

It is used in the context of It is more appropriate in

B2B transactions. B2C context.
Diff b/w E-Business & E-Commerce
E-Business E-Commerce
E-Business can involve the E-Commerce involves the
use of internet, intranet or mandatory use of internet.
extranet.
Example- Using of Internet Example:- Buying of
by Dell, Amazon for maintai pendrive from Amazon is co
ning business processes lik nsidered E-Commerce.
e Online customer support,
email marketing, supply
chain management.
 What is E-governance
Electronic governance or e-governance is the
application of information and communication
technology (ICT) for delivering government services,
exchange of information, communication transactions,
integration of various stand-alone systems and services
between government-to-customer (G2C), government-to
-business (G2B). (googledefination)
 Benefit of E-Governance
 .Speed – Technology makes communication speedier. Internet, Phones, Cell Phones
have reduced the time taken in normal communication.
 Cost Reduction – Most of the Government expenditure is appropriated towards the
cost of stationary. Paper-based communication needs lots of stationary, printers, com
puters, etc
 Transparency – Use of ICT makes governing profess transparent. All the information
of the Government would be made available on the internet. The citizens can see the
information whenever they want to see. But this is only possible when every piece of
information of the Government is uploaded on the internet and is available for the
public to peruse
 Once the governing process is made transparent the Government is automatically
made accountable. Accountability is answerability of the Government to the people
 Benefit of E-Governance
 The work becomes easy, smooth, fast and accountable.
 process can be tracked and it becomes easier to ensure that the work is
done on time
 It becomes easier for the beneficiaries to cut through the red tapism and avail
the benefits of the schemes and policies
 All the ministries and departments are easily connected and cooperation can
be ensured
 The saved documents can be easily kept for ages without taking any
physical space. It will be easier to search them as well.
 Lesser the paper is used, lesser the harm for the environment. It will also
generate much lesser junk.
Any
questions?
Thanks!