Definitions

 Science is the system of knowledge about the nature, the rules of

existence and development of things, natural, social phenomena and
thoughts.
 Technology is a solution, process, technical know-how with or without tools
and/or means which are used to turn resources into products.
 Scientific and technological activities include scientific research,
research and development, technological development, technological
application, scientific and technological services, promotion of innovation
and other creative activities aimed at developing science and technology.
 Scientific research is the activity of discovering, finding, inquiring into the
nature and rules of things and phenomena of the nature, society and
thought, and creating solutions for practical application.

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 Definitions

Basic research Applied

 Scientific research
research

 Technological development is an activity which uses the

results of basic research, applied research, through
development and pilot production (trial production), aimed at
perfecting existing technologies or creating new ones.

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 Definitions
 Scientific and technological services are activities which serve and support
scientific research and technological development; activities related to intellectual
property and technology transfer, standards, technical regulations, metrology, quality
of products, goods, radiation, nuclear and nuclear energy safety; services on
information, consultancy, personnel training and fostering, dissemination and
application of scientific and technological knowledge in socio-economic sectors.
 Infrastructure serving the development of science and technology is the
physical - technical facilities of scientific technological organizations; the
measurement system, key laboratories; hi-tech zones, agricultural zones applying
high technologies, technology incubators, science and technology business
incubators; science and technology information and statistics infrastructure.
 Innovation is the creation of and application of achievements,
technical/technological solutions and management solutions to improve the
efficiency of socio-economic development, improve productivity, quality, and added
value of products and goods.

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 State policy in science and technology development

 Science and technology development constitutes a primary national policy.

◦ the State prioritizes and focuses national resources and implements
preferential mechanisms and measures for science and technology
development.
◦ The State creates conditions for the development of science and
technology market and encourages enterprises to invest in science and
technology activities.
◦ Promoting the application of scientific and technological
achievements
◦ Investing in science and technology infrastructure development, with
focus on key fields
◦ Promoting international cooperation in science and technology
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 Science and technology organizations

 Science and technology organizations include:

◦ Scientific research institutions, scientific research
and technological development institutions in forms
of academies, institutes, centers, laboratories, research
stations, observation stations, experiment stations and
other forms specified by the Minister of Science and
Technology;
◦ Higher education establishments specified in the Law
on Higher education; and
◦ Science and technology service organizations in
forms of centers, offices, testing offices and other forms
specified by the Minister of Science and Technology

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 Conditions for establishment and registration
 To have organization and operation statutes; objectives and operation
orientations conform to the provisions of law;
 To have scientific and technological personnel and material- technical facilities
that meet the requirements according to objectives, orientations as well as
organization and operation statutes
 Special conditions for science and technology organizations
with foreign capital:
◦ Objectives, content, sector to comply with the laws and scientific
– technological development and socio-economic development
requirements of Vietnam
◦ The establishment has to be allowed by the Minister of Science and
Technology
◦ The People’s Committee of the province/city allows to establish the
headquarter at such province/city
 Registration with competent authority  certificate of operation in
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science and technology
Individuals involved in scientific and
technological activities

 Scientific titles:
Research Principal Senior
assistant Researcher researcher researcher

 Higher education titles:

◦ Professor Law on higher education
◦ Associate professor
 Technological titles: regulated by the
Government

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Developing human resource in
science and technology

 Training
 Privileges for scientists
 Attracting Vietnamese scientists
abroad and foreign experts

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 Scientific and technological tasks

 Scientific and technological tasks are organized in form of

programs, subjects, projects, research tasks in compliance
with the scientific organization, and other forms.
 Scientific and technological tasks financed by the State budget
are of national, ministerial, provincial and local levels, those of
national, ministerial, and provincial levels have to be performed
by the mode of assignment.
 All organizations and individuals are encouraged to
make scientific and technological task proposals.

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Scientific and technological tasks
financed by the State budget

Determination

Selection / Award

Performance

Assessment, acceptance

Registration of results &

Application

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 Scientific and technological contracts
 Scientific and technological tasks are performed
through written scientific and technological
contracts.
 Types:

◦ Scientific research and technological

development contract
◦ Technology transfer contract
◦ Scientific and technological services contract

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 Law on High technologies
 High technology means a technology which has a high scientific research and
technological development content; is integrated from modern scientific and
technological achievements; can turn out environmentally friendly products of superior
quality and utilities and high added value; and plays an important role in the formation
of a new production or service industry or the modernization of an existing production
or service industry.
 Hi-tech activities means hi-tech research, development, seeking, transfer and
application; hi-tech human resource training; hi-tech incubation or hi-tech enterprise
incubation; hi-tech production and hi-tech service provision; and hi-tech industrial
development activities.
 Hi-tech product means a product turned out with high technology, which is
environmentally friendly and has superior quality and utilities and high added value.
 Hi-tech enterprise means an enterprise turning out hi-tech products, providing hi-tech
services and conducting hi-tech research and development activities.
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 Hi-tech incubation means a process of creating, improving and
commercializing a high technology from technological ideas, scientific
research results or an unimproved high technology through supporting
necessary technical infrastructure, resources and services.
 Hi-tech enterprise incubation means a process of forming and developing a hi-
tech enterprise through supporting necessary technical infrastructure,
resources and services.
 Hi-tech incubator or hi-tech enterprise incubator means a facility providing
favorable conditions in necessary technical infrastructure, resources and
services for hi-tech incubation or hi-tech enterprise incubation.
 Hi-tech human resources means a contingent of qualified and skilled persons
meeting the requirements of hi-tech research, development and application
activities, hi-tech services, management of hi-tech activities, and operation of
hi-tech production equipment and lines.

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 Law on High technologies

Informa-
tion
techno-
logy

Automa-
tion
List of Biotech-
techno-
logy hitechs nology

New
materials
technolo
gy

Amended by the Prime Minister upon proposal of the MoST

and related ministries

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Law on High technologies

 Developing hi-tech industry

 Developing hi-tech agriculture
 Delivering hi-tech products
 Hi-tech enterprises

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 Infrastructure for hi-tech activities

 Developing hi-tech infrastructure and infrastructure

in service of high technologies
 Hi-tech parks / hi-tech zones
 Agricultural zones applying hi- technologies

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 Law on Technology Transfer

 Governing scope:
◦ Technology transfer activities in Vietnam, from Vietnam to
overseas, and from overseas to Vietnam; the rights and
obligations of entities participating in technology transfer
activities; the authority of State administrative bodies; and
measures for encouragement and promotion of
technology transfer activities.
◦ Vietnamese entities, Vietnamese residing overseas, and
foreign entities participating in technology transfer
activities.
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 Definitions
 Technology transfer means transfer to a transferee of the
ownership right or the right to use either a part or the whole of a
technology by the party with the right to transfer such technology.

 Technology transfer in Vietnam means transfer of a technology

between entities operating within the territory of Vietnam.

 Technology transfer activities comprise both technology transfer

and technology transfer services (support activities during the
process of seeking, entering into and performing technology
transfer contracts).
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 Law on Technology Transfer

 State management over technology

transfer activities
 Technologies

◦ That are encouraged to be transferred

◦ That are limited to be transferred
◦ That are prohibited to be transferred
 Forms of technology transfer
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 Law on Technology Transfer

 Incentives for encouraging and promoting technology transfer:

◦ Development of the technology market
◦ To encourage technology transfer to rural, mountainous areas,
areas with difficult socio- economic conditions
◦ Program for national technological renovation
◦ Provisions related to State funded scientific and technological
development research
◦ Policies in order to promote technology transfer activities:
 Taxes: import duty exemption; Value added tax exemption;
Corporate income tax exemption
 Favourable conditions for visa, residence and travel for
foreigners

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