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MANAGEMENT
After completing this chapter, students should
be able to:
Define what management is
Identify and explain the basic managerial
functions
Understand the roles that managers play
Describe the three levels of managers in
terms of the skills that they need and the
activities in which they are involved
Definitions of Management,
Organization, & Managers
Measuring managerial
performance
Management functions
Managerial levels
Management skills
Managerial roles
◦ “The process of administering and coordinating
resources effectively, efficiently, and in an effort
to achieve the goals of the organization” (Lewis)
Manager
◦ “An organizational member who is responsible for
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the
activities of the organization so that its goals are
achieved” (Lewis)
Accomplish objectives
Preserve knowledge
Provide careers
Organizing
Communication
GOAL
Leading
Controlling
Performance can be measured by looking at 2 criteria:
Performance efficiency (“doing things right”)
The ability to do the things right. An efficient
manager is a manager who can achieve outputs/
results as expected. Managers who are able to
utilize & minimize the cost of resources such as
staff, finance, equipment & raw materials
Performance effectiveness
(“doing the right things”)
The ability to choose the right goals
e.g. If the demand in the market for cars is form
small, compact & economical cars, but the manager
chooses to produce & manufacture big, luxury &
expensive cars, the manager is considered to be
ineffective
High
Low
Poor Good
Resource Utilization
(Efficiency)
Management is a process that contains several functions. It
comprises of the activities of Planning, Organizing, Leading &
Controlling (POLC).
LEADS TO
By the range of
By their level organization Responsible for
in the organization activities they are a single area of
Responsible for a
responsible activity. E.g.:
single area of
Finance
activity. E.g.:
manager,
Finance manager,
Marketing
Marketing
manager
manager
Top managers Functional manager
3 Basic skills
Ability to use the Is a skill that gives a They are mental capabilities
procedures, techniques, & manager the ability to that help managers see the
knowledge of a work effectively with whole enterprise as well as the
specialized field. E.g.: other people. It includes relationships that exist among
accountant, a heart the ability to motivate, the various parts in the
surgeon, & a civil engineer understand, lead & organization. This skill gives
has a special knowledge communicate, which a the manager the ability to
relating to the specialize manager needs coordinate & integrate the
field. throughout his work. organization’s interests &
activities.
Top H T C
H C
Middle
T
C
Lower H T
Technical Conceptual
H Human T skill C skill
skill
According to Henry Mintzberg, managers
perform ten different inter-related roles in the
organization.