Dr. V.P.S.S.

M’s
PADMABHOOSHAN VASANTRAODADA PATIL INSTITUTE
OF TECHNOLOGY, BUDHGAON.

SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF SYMMETRIC AND

UNSYMMETRIC BUILDINGS IN PLAN.

PRESENTED BY -

Roll no. Name

36 Sourabh Pradipkumar Patil.
37 Shreejay Suresh mane.
66 Sagar Gyanba Lokare.
45 Vijay Vishnu Khatake.
69 Prajwal Sanjay Parashkar.

PROJECT GUIDE –
MR.A.A.KUSANALE SIR
 ABSTRACT
• Structural analysis is mainly used for finding out the behaviour of a structure
when subjected to some loading.

• Earthquakes, in which many reinforced concrete structures have been severely

damaged or collapsed, indicated the need for evaluate and increase the Seismic
performance of buildings.

• Buildings with symmetry and asymmetry in plan, geometry, strength, stiffness.

• Structural design of buildings for seismic loads is very important for structural
safety during major ground motions.

• Analysis of major earthquakes have shown that the irregular distribution of mass,
stiffness and strengths i.e. unsymmetrical buildings may cause serious damage
in structural systems.
 INTRODUCTION

• Earthquake is a natural disaster occurred due to sudden and transient motion of

the earth’s surface.

• It is very important to modify the seismic behaviour of existing structures.

• Seismological data from many earthquakes were collected and analysed to

make seismic zones and understand the phenomena of earthquakes.

• To study the seismic effects of infill on symmetrical and asymmetrical models,

seismic analysis is performed using linear dynamic (Response spectrum
method), nonlinear static methods (Pushover analysis), equivalent static analysis
and Time History Analysis (Non-linear dynamic analysis).
• Loads are considered for analysis –
a) Dead Load (IS 875 Part 1:1987)
b) Live Load (IS 875 Part 2:1987)
c) Earthquake Loads by Seismic Coefficient Method (IS 1893 Part I:2002)

• Structural design of buildings for seismic loads is very important for structural
safety during earthquakes.

• In IS 1893 – 2002 (Part 1) parameters mentioned below to evaluate seismic

output parameters in form of design are seismic coefficient, base shear, storey
shear and mass participation factor.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Seismic Analysis Of asymmetry In Plan Buildings(Dr. Z. Ladrinovic and R.
J. Folic) (2008) –

• In this paper, author explained Buildings with an asymmetric distribution

of stiffness and strength in plan undergo coupled lateral and torsional
motions during earthquakes.

2. Desale Sachin , Jondhale Rohini , Sabale Ganesh (2011) -

• The aim of this paper is to study the seismic behavior of building of symmetrical
and asymmetrical structure using STAAD Pro.

• The author explains that the seismic rehabilitation of concrete structures in high
seismicity areas is a matter of growing concern, so damage qualification of
buildings must be identified and an acceptable level of safety must be
determined.
3. Dr. S. D. Bhole, Sabahat J. Ansari(2015) –

• Three building models for L-shaped and T-shaped building are considered for
study, which are constructed on medium soil in seismic zone Ш of India (as per
IS: 1893-2002[9]), one symmetric and 3 asymmetric in stiffness distribution.

4. Sayantika Saha(2015) –

• In this paper the effort is made to study the effect of eccentricity between centre
of mass (CM) and centre of stiffness (CR) and the effect of stiffness of shear
walls on the performance of the symmetric and unsymmetric buildings during
earthquake.

5. B K Raghuprasad, Vinay S, Amarnath.(2016) –

• In this Paper, A 11 storey building with eccentricity same on all the floors (uniform
eccentricity) and the other with eccentricity varying over the floors have been
subjected to EL-Centro 1940 N-S component ground motion input and the
responses like spectral displacement, spectral acceleration, spectral velocity are
obtained is there considerable difference between the two.
• The effect of sloping ground on columns which have varying height are studied,
the plan layout considered is same for hilly terrain and plains .

6. Non linear response of two way asymmetrical multi storey building

under bi-axial excitation. (Nishant K. Kumar, Rajul K. Gajjar.)(2014) –

• Time history analysis has been carried out using SAP2000 after validating a
preliminary model.

• Three building plans, with eccentricity along each of x and z directions in plan and
a third with eccentricity in both the orthogonal direction, have been studied.

7. Seismic analysis of structure (T. k. Datta) (2010):

• The author studied of collected seismological data and it has helped in the
rational design of structures to withstand earthquakes.

• The author has used Modal Analysis Using the Substructure Technique to analyse
the seismic forces on frame of building.
AIM :-
To study the comparison between symmetrical and unsymmetrical building
subjected to seismic forces.

OBJECTIVES :-
1. To study the seismic parameters of building structure.

2. Defining a problem statement for symmetric buildings.

3. Creating a model of symmetric building on software and analysis of symmetric building

subjected to seismic forces.

4. Defining a problem statement for unsymmetrical building.

5. Creating a model of unsymmetrical building on softwareand analysis of unsymmetrical

building subjected to seismic forces.

6. Comparison between symmetrical and unsymmetrical building subjected to earthquake.

 PROPOSED WORK
 Parameters considered while analyzing the symmetrical and unsymmetrical buildings :-

 Type of earthquake excitations.

 Period of vibration of structure.

 Importance of structure.

 Type of seismic zone.

 Materials used in construction.

 Structural symmetry.

For this we have to define a sample problem and apply various seismic parameters on
the sample building with the help of software .
 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

METHODS OF
STRUCTURAL
ANALYSIS.

Response
Equivalent Non-linear Time History
spectrum
static analysis. static analysis. Analysis
analysis.
 EQUIVALENT STATIC ANALYSIS
 Equivalent static analysis can work well for low to medium-rise buildings.

 This method is to be done with an estimation of base shear load and its distribution on
each story calculated by using formulas given in the code.

 Equivalent static analysis is restricted only to a single mode of vibration of the structure.

 Then the displacement demand of model must be checked with code limitation.

RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS.

 This method is favored by earthquake engineers for a number of reasons –

1. It allows a clear understanding of the contributions of different modes of vibration to the

overall seismic response of structures.

2. It offers a simplified method for finding the design forces for the members of structures
for earthquake forces.

3. It is also useful in the approximate evaluation of the reliability and safety of structures
under earthquake forces.
 NON-LINEAR STATIC ANALYSIS
1. Non-linear static analysis is also referred as pushover analysis. It is the method used to
determine the ultimate load and deflection capability of the structure.

2. Local non linear effects such as flexural hinge at the member joints , are modeled and
the structure is deformed or pushed until enough to develop a collapse mechanism or
until the plastic deformation limit is reached.

3. The pushover concept can be illustrated easily with cantilever beam.

TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS

 It is an analysis of the dynamic response of the structure at each increment of time,
when its base is subjected to a specific ground motion time history.

 The steps involved in time history analysis are as follows:

• Calculation of Modal matrix and effective force vector

• Obtaining of Displacement response in normal and physical coordinate

• Calculation of maximum response.

 PROBLEM STATEMENT

SYMMETRICAL BUILDING :-

Type of frame: SMRF DIFFERENT SHAPES OF BUILDIG TAKEN

Seismic zone: 2 FOR ANALYASIS:
Number of story: 8(G+7) Rectangular
Floor height: 3.2m C
Spacing between frames- Plus
4M along X-Axis L
4m along Y-Axis T
Materials Used: M20 grade concrete, Fe I
415 grade steel.
Density of Concrete:25 kg/m3.
Type of soil: Hard.
Live Load: 6 KN/m2.
RECTANGULAR STRUCTURE C SHAPED STRUCTURE
 Beam-  Beam-
0.35m x 0.65m (1st, 2nd floor)
0.3m x 0.65m (Remaining Floors.) 0.23m x 0.4m (All Floors)

 Column-  Column-
0.6m x 0.55m (1st , 2nd floor)
0.6m x 0.6m (1st, 2nd, 3rd
floor)
0.65m x 0.55m (3rd floor)
0.5m x 0.5m (4th, 5th, 6th floor)
0.55m x 0.45m (4th, 5th, 6th floor)
0.4m x 0.4m (7th, 8th floor)
0.45m x 0.35m (7th , 8th floor)
PLUS SHAPED STRUCTURE
 Beam-
0.23m x 0.4m (All Floors)
 Column-
0.6m x 0.55m (1st , 2nd floor)
0.65m x 0.55m (3rd floor)
0.55m x 0.45m (4th, 5th, 6th floor)
0.45m x 0.35m (7th , 8th floor)
L SHAPED STRUCTURE
 Beam-
0.23m x 0.4m
 Column-
0.6m x 0.55m (1st , 2nd floor)
0.65m x 0.55m (3rd floor)
0.55m x 0.45m (4th, 5th, 6th floor)
0.45m x 0.35m (7th , 8th floor)
 T SHAPED STRUCTURES
 Beam-
0.23m x 0.4m
 Column-
0.6m x 0.55m (1st , 2nd floor)
0.65m x 0.55m (3rd floor)
0.55m x 0.45m (4th, 5th, 6th floor)
0.45m x 0.35m (7th , 8th floor)
I SHAPED STRUCTURES
 Beam-
0.23m x 0.4m
 Column-
0.6m x 0.55m (1st , 2nd floor)
0.65m x 0.55m (3rd floor)
0.55m x 0.45m (4th, 5th, 6th floor)
0.45m x 0.35m (7th , 8th floor)
 Floor wise mass and stiffness of structure
FLOOR Rectangular Shape Building Other Shape Building
MASS ( IN KN ) MASS ( IN KN )
1 2925.245 2920.908
2 2284.954 2297.284
3 2284.954 2297.284
4 2248.02 2249.42
5 2196.052 2205.896
6 2196.052 2205.896
7 2174.796 2170.832
8 1926.792 1932.368
Table no. 1: Masses for rectangular and other shaped buildings.
FLOOR Rectangular Shape Building Other Shape Building
STIFFNESS STIFFNESS
1 349534.1 363760.9
2 1414882 1472471
3 1414882 1472471
4 682331.4 683013.7
5 682331.4 683013.7
6 682331.4 683013.7
7 279482.9 251780.3
8 279482.9 251780.3
Table no. 2: Stiffness For Rectangular And Other Shaped Buildings.
 FASCILITIES AVAILABLE

FOLLOWING FASCILITIES ARE AVAILABLE IN COLLEGE FOR

THE PROJECT WORK :-

1. Central library.

2. Departmental library.

3. Computer lab with internet connection.

4. Computer lab

5. Research paper and journals.

 Collection of data.

Study of earthquake related

parameters.
SEM 1.
Problem statement for both type of
buildings.

Submission of synopsis.

SCHEDULE OF
PROJECT.
Software model of symmetrical and
unsymmetrical buildings.

Analysis of both the buildings

SEM 2. subjected to seismic forces.

Comparison between symmetrical and

unsymmetrical building.

Submission of project.
 REFFERANCES
1. Improved seismic design of structural frames by optimization of equivalent lateral
load pattern .- M. Shahrouzi, A.A. Rahemi.

2. Dorde Ladinovic, ― Nonlinear seismic analysis of asymmetric in plan building‖ by

FACTA UNIVERSITATIS: Architecture and Civil Engineering Vol. 6, No 1, pp. 25 –
35, 2008

3. Raghu Prasad B K and Saibaba S, ―Influence of shape in plan of building on the

inelastic earthquake response‖, Proceeding of 8th European conference on
earthquake engineering, Libson, Portugal, pp 17-24, September 7-12,1986.

4. Pralobh S. Gaikwad and Kanhaiya K. Tolani, Review Paper on Dynamic Analysis of

Building , International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN
2277 – 4106, P-ISSN 2347 – 5161.

5. IS 1893: 2002, “Indian Standard criteria for earthquake resistant design of

structures, Part 1 General provisions and buildings”, Draft of Fifth Revision,
Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 2002.