EVAPORATORS IN

REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
 Andrea Alcívar Chiquito

 David Hugo Cruz

 Jhonathan Ramírez García

 Denisse Yagual Ormaza

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 The thermal energy
Is a heat exchanger is exchanged from a
used in refrigerant medium which is
systems. intended to be
cooled.

The name has been

assigned by the
changed of state
suffered the
refrigerant.
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 The refrigerant Going of liquid
needs is the state to its vapor
increase in its state through the
enthalpy. evaporator.

Allowing to absorb
the sensible heat
that is contained
around the
evaporator. 4
 According to
the way
refrigerant is
fed.

According to
According to
the type of
the design.
construction.

According to According to
the operation the heat
condition. transfer mode.
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ACCORDING TO THE WAY THAT REFRIGERANT IS FED 6
 Recognized by the The refrigerant is fed
expansion valve that through an expansion
lowers the pressure of the system where it
liquid. evaporates along the coil.

DX systems require fewer

At the outlet, the
components than flooded
refrigerant is slightly
systems and are less
overheated.
expensive to build.

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 Flooded evaporator
The receiver acts as a
operates in conjunction
separator of gaseous and
with a low-pressure
liquid refrigerant.
receiver.

The leaving refrigerant They are divided into

flow is a two-phase forced-flow evaporators
mixture with typically 50- and thermosiphon
80% gas. evaporators.
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 THERMOSIPHON EVAPORATOR FORCED-FLOW EVAPORATOR

1. Receiver
2. Evaporator
3. Compressor
4. Condenser
5. Expansion valve
6. Pump

The force driving the refrigerant through the It is like a thermosiphon system, except
evaporator depends on the density that a pump is installed before the
difference between gaseous and liquid evaporator to serve as a driving force for
refrigerant. the refrigerant. 9
 The excess liquid is The fluid that leaves the
separated from the vapor equipment is the high-
in a low-pressure receiver grade vapor-liquid
or accumulator and is mixture, which does not
recirculated. reach a saturated vapor.

The overfeed evaporators

are more commonly used
in multiple evaporator
systems, resulting
cheaper.

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ACCORDING TO THE DESIGN 11
 Refrigeration chambers for
the conservation of fresh
Works as a dry expansion and delicate products
evaporator. above 5ºC.
For the conservation of
frozen products.

For the conservation of

fresh goods at 0 / + 2ºC. This type of evaporators
For packaging and work are ideal for placing on the
rooms. For low temperature roofs of conservation and
chambers and freezing refrigeration chambers.
tunnels.

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 The front plate has
Works as a dry expansion
placed one or more fans
evaporator.
at the top.

This evaporator allows

Ideal for industrial cold
you to use most of the
rooms and especially for
space because of its low
freezing tunnels.
thickness.

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 Centrifugal fans which got
They are equipped with available pressure, allow
fans ensuring an available the placement of ducts for
air pressure. the distribution of air
evenly throughout the area.

Designed for cold rooms

Its design allows an easy
and work rooms with
installation which can be on
temperatures higher than
roofs or floor.
0ºC.

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 Works as a dry expansion They have their application
evaporator. In addition, these in low-rise rooms and / or
can be normal flow or where a uniform distribution
double flow air. of air is required.

Designed for:
Also:
-Chambers for frozen
products. -Maintenance chambers for
fresh goods at 0 / + 2º C
–freezing tunnels
-Packaging, work rooms, etc.
-chambers > 5º C.

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 Optimal for placement
in small chambers or
Besides, these can be
open showcases with
convection or gravity.
natural air circulation by
convection.

Uses:
-Cold rooms 0-10ºC for
the preservation of
perishable and delicate
products at constant
temperature.

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 These can be
They are also called compact (welded
multitubular plates) or removable
evaporators. plates (plate
exchangers).

For cooling water

(air conditioning),
cold rooms, pre-
cooling and freezing
tunnels.

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ACCORDING TO THE HEAT TRANSFER MODE 18
 The speed of air
circulation over the heat
Used when it is necessary
exchange surfaces is a
for air to circulate at low
function of the temperature
speed to avoid product
difference between the
damage by dehydration.
evaporator and the
refrigerated space.

The greater the Circulation of air around

temperature difference coil depends on the size,
will produce higher rates shape and location of the
of air circulation evaporator.

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 Air is forced over The fins are very
finned coils that closely spaced to
increase heat gives a high
transfer rate. capacity rating.

Gives:
Can reduce the overall
size and weight of - Faster cooling
evaporator which can - Good Humidity
reduce purchasing Control
and installation cost. - Easy Defrosting

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ACCORDING TO THE OPERATION CONDITION 21
 The frost forms on
It operates at
the evaporator
temperatures
comes from the
below to 0ºC.
moisture of the air.

Cooling efficiency
is decreases until
the ice and frost is
removed.

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 Compartment cooling
relies on forced It operates above 0ºC,
convection heat transfer therefore frost doesn’t
between the internal air forms on the
(assisted by a fan) and a evaporators.
tube-fin evaporator.

- Temperature: Close to
cooling 0,6ºC – 1ºC. Keeps the food fresh
and stops shrinking in
- Relative Humidity: 75 – weight.
80 % in the cabinet.

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 Frost creates on the
Several types of
coils when the
sensors can be used to
compressor is running
detect the frost and
and melts after the
initiate defrosting.
compressor shuts off.

It operates at Keeps high relative

temperatures about humidity of about 90%
– 7 ºC and – 6 ºC. - 95%.

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ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION 25
 Prime
Easy to clean
Surface
and defrost
Evaporator

Surface
Limited
contact area
applications
is less
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 The fluid tends to move
between the open spaces
Bare Tube Evaporators
of the tubing and does not
covered with fins.
come in contact with the
surface of the coil.

The fins increases the

contact surface of the Shape, size and spacing
metallic tubing with the can be adapted for
fluid and increase the heat improve heat transfer rate.
transfer rate.
Figure a: individually finned tubes
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Figure b: flat fins on an array of tubes
 The coil made up of
copper or aluminum is
It is widely used in
embedded in the plate so
domestic refrigeration.
it form a flat looking
surface.

Looks like a single plate,

but inside are several turns The external plate are
of metal tubing through more rigid so it provides a
which the refrigerant lots of safety.
flows.

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Used in the large Baffle plates are
refrigeration and provided for good
central air turbulence of
conditio-ning. liquid.

Availa-ble in
flooded and dry
expansion type.

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 Used for chilling of Have 1 or more spiral
drinking water and shaped, bare tube
other aspect where coils enclosed in a
cleanliness is a factor. welded steel shell.

They are generally

dry expansion type
with refrigerant in
coils and chilled
liquid in the shell.
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 The flow of
Double Tube
refrigerant can be
Evaporator.
parallel or counter.

Refrigerant can flow Liquid to be cooled can

in outer pipe. flow in inner pipe.

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