IP-BASED VIDEO

SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM
( THE ADVANCED ELECTRONIC SECURITY
SYSTEM FOR THE FUTURE)
 VIDEO SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM
SURVEILLANCE = VIGILANCE = STRONG WATCH

 The electronic security system consisting some

sophisticated devices which is used for a strong
vigilance (from the security point of view) is
called a video surveillance system.

 IP- based video surveillance system :

Since this system uses voice-video management
devices that are IP- addressable, it is known as
IP- based video surveillance system.
 WHAT IS AN IP ADDRESS ?
 Every machine on the Internet has a unique identifying number,
called an IP Address.

A typical IP address looks like this: 216.27.61.137
 IP addresses are normally expressed in decimal format as a
"dotted decimal number" like the one above. But computers
communicate in binary form. Look at the same IP address in
binary:

11011000.00011011.00111101.10001001
 The four numbers in an IP address are called octets, because
they each have eight positions when viewed in binary form. If
you add all the positions together, you get 32, which is why IP
addresses are considered 32-bit numbers.
 The four numbers in an IP address are called octets, because
they each have eight positions when viewed in binary form.

 The octets are split into two sections: Net and Host.
 The Net section always contains the first octet. It is used to
identify the network that a computer belongs to.
 Host (sometimes referred to as Node) identifies the actual
computer on the network. The Host section always contains the
last octet.

 Since each of the eight positions can have two different states
(1 or 0) the total number of possible combinations per octet is
28 or 256. So each octet can contain any value between 0 and
255. Combine the four octets and you get 232 or a possible
4,294,967,296 unique values!

 Out of the almost 4.3 billion possible combinations, certain

values are restricted from use as typical IP addresses. For
example, the IP address 0.0.0.0 is reserved for the default
network and the address 255.255.255.255 is used for
broadcasts.
 SYSTEM COMPONENTS

The system components are broadly divided into the following two categories :
 Hardware components
1. IP camera
2. Video Server
3. Internet Router
4. IP network switch
5. Storage device
6. PTZ controller
7. DVR
 Software components
1. MPEG-4 video compression
2. ADPCM Audio compression
3. RTP/RSTP video streaming
4. PC supervision application
5. Video security over IP
6. IP camera monitoring software
 1.IP camera
 Surveillance IP camera systems is
an appliance that has embedded
image capture capabilities which
then transmits over communication
networks

 The cameras are highly

configurable and feature options
such as multiple password access,
image compression, motion alerts
and more.

 On the other hand, IP camera

systems handle motion detection,
event triggers, and alert automation
(via e-mail, pager or phone call), and
have a multitude of options for
changing frame rates, resolution
and timed record cycles.
 In Short : An IP camera
 What is an IP Camera?
A network camera can be described as a camera and computer
combined into one unit. It connects directly to the network as
any other network device. A network camera has its own IP
address and built-in computing functions to handle network
communication. Everything needed for viewing images over
the network is built into the unit.
 Key Features of IP
1. Alarm
2. Motion Detection
3. Video Recording
4. Email Notification
5. Remote Camera Operation for Wide / Detailed Views
6. Pan / Tilt / Zoom Control and many more
DIFFERENT IP CAMERAS
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF IP CAMERA
 OTHER CATEGORIES
 Different types of IP cameras can be used depending
upon the range and requirements of the application
such as:
1. Wireless IP camera
2. Night vision IP Camera
3. Power range IP camera
4. Wi-fi wireless IP camera
5. IP based USB camera and many more.
 VIDEO SERVER
 A video server digitizes
analogue video signals and
sends digital images directly
over an IP network, such as
a LAN, intranet or Internet.
 It essentially turns an
analogue video system into
a network video system and
enables users to view live
images using a Web browser
or an application software
on any local or remote
computer on a network.
TYPICAL CONNECTION OF A VIDEO SERVER
WITH IP CAMERA
 ROUTER
 A router is the only device that
examines each bundle of data as it
passes and makes a decision about
exactly where it should go. To make
these decisions, routers must first
know about two kinds of
information: addresses and network
structure .
 A router, then, has two separate but
related jobs:

The router ensures that information

doesn't go where it's not needed.
This is crucial for keeping large
volumes of data from clogging the
connections of "innocent
bystanders."

The router makes sure that

information does make it to the
intended destination.
 NETWORK SWITCH
 Switches are another
fundamental part of
many networks
because they speed
things up. Switches
allow different nodes (a
network connection
point, typically a
computer) of a network
to communicate directly
with one another in a
smooth and efficient
manner.
TYPICAL CENNECTION OF SWITCH
 STOR AGE DEVICE
 These are the devices that are
used to store the information
for a long period.
 The different storage devices
are:
1. Optical storage device
2. Magnetic reflector
3. VHS tape
4. Single hard disk
5. Standalone cpu
6. Ultra high density drives
and many more.
 These storage devices store
the data using any of the
following techniques:
1. In-phase technology
2. 3D-holographic storage
technology
 PTZ CONTROLLER
 PTZ stands for pan-tilt-zoom
 This device is also known as IP keyboard.
 This device actually controls the pan, tilt and zoom
(PTZ) movements of a video camera based on its IP
address.
 In the present scenario most of the cameras come
with the advanced features including automated
PTZ.
 In addition to this the PTZ movements can be more
effectively controlled by some advanced version
cameras with higher range which are already arrived
to the international market.
 DVR
 DVR stands for Digital Video
Recorder
 A device that would let people
record programs, watch them
when they felt like it as opposed to
when the programming staff
decided they should, and (scariest
of all) skip through the
commercials!
TYPES OF DVR AVAILABLE
There are three predominant DVR
types on the market:
1. TiVo,
2. Replay TV and
3. Ultimate TV,
 TiVo being the current market
leader. In this article, we'll learn all
about DVRs and find out what sets
them apart from other recording
technologies
INSIDE OF A DVR
 WHY DVR?
 DVR has some special characteristics over the
traditional VCR for which it is used in wide variety
of application.
1. First, a DVR is tape less. With a VCR, the device
itself is merely a recording tool; the blank cassette
is the media. In a DVR, media and tool are one and
the same. This is obviously a plus if you never
seem to be able to find a blank tape when it comes
time to record something, but it can also be a
drawback: Because the media is hard-wired into
the machine, adding additional storage space is
not possible.
 WHY DVR?
2. Perhaps the most important benefit of DVRs is the
unprecedented control over playback. With a VCR,
you have to wait for a program to finish recording
before you can start watching it. Since there's no
tape to rewind, digital recording doesn't have this
limitation. A program that started recording 10
minutes ago can be viewed at any time, even while
it is still recording.
 Interesting features
3. Pausing Live TV?
One of the main features of a DVR, and one that is hyped
heavily in product advertisements, is the ability to "pause
live television."
4. Live TV buffer
DVRs allocate a certain portion of the hard drive to a live TV
buffer. They are constantly recording, and generally keep the
past hour or so in the buffer. This means that if you walk into
the room 10 minutes into a movie, you can rewind by 10
minutes and catch the beginning.
5. Search Tools
Some of the most desirable features of DVRs are the tools
they offer to help you find the programs you want to record .
TYPICAL IP - B ASED SYSTEM
 APPLICATION
 Home security systems
 Monitoring of technical security
 Educational institution
 Banks
 Hospitals
 BPO centers and offshore offices
 Software firms
 Defense organizations
 Shopping malls
 Public places and lots more.
IP – BASED FACE RECOGNITION SYSTEM
IP-BASED CASHING SYSTEM
 WHICH IS BETTER : CCTV or IP ?
Analog or CCTV+DVR video surveillance
 Easy to use -- operates like a VCR
 Changing cassettes and rewinding regularly means
human error frequently interferes with effectiveness
 Image quality is poor
 Storage tapes wear out over time
 Storage is bulky
 Uses analog recording, recording in low-grade
picture quality and inability to search and track
easily
 IP-based video surveillance
 IP-based recording means instant transmittal of images
anywhere in the world.
 Can monitor multiple cameras from one remote location
 No decrease in recording quality over time or with repeated
replays
 Digital picture quality far superior to analog
 IP-base recording is highly compressed for easier storage and
can be transported over a variety of media
 Digital images can be encrypted for security purposes
 Updates and add-ons are relatively inexpensive through
software packages and Internet computer networking
 Adjustable frame rates
 Remote or shared viewing may be done over the Internet or a
wireless connection
 Standard IP video compression techniques are used
 IP surveillance cameras may be added individually or in groups
according to your needs
 CONCLUSION
 Today, security is mandatory not just for sensitive areas but
for residences, business installations and educational
institutions. In order to wipe out the criminal activities from its
root we need an advanced and effective electronic security
system. In addition to this a successor system is needed
which is more accurate than the cctv system and IP-based
systems are the best alternatives.