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General Consideration
Traffic Planning
Handling Capacity
Interval
Round Trip Time
Average Waiting Time
No. of Elevator
Speed of Elevator
Zoning
Elevator Door
TRAFFIC PLANNING
It is dependant on type and usage of the building
It helps in selecting:
correct number and type of transportation devices
right sizes and speeds of the transportation devices
synchronizing traffic flow
optimum layout for the transportation devices
correct positioning in the building & in relation to one another
smooth flow of people and goods
HANDLING CAPACITY
total number of passengers that the system can transport within
a certain period of time
It is expressed in percentage
lift cars will have to go more round trips in order to clear off
the queue
Residential 7.5-9%
[Source – NBC]
INTERVAL
It represents the theoretical longest time between elevator
dispatch from the main lobby
Calculated : Where
• I = Interval
• T = round trip time for one elevator
• n = number of elevators in the group
Typically this would be the sum of the waiting times of all the
passengers divided by the total number of passengers
NUMBER OF ELEVATORS
It is derived from a traffic calculation
buildings with 3 or less elevator stops and gross area of less than 5,000
m2, provide a single elevator (Note where elevator service is essential, two elevators
shall be installed to ensure continuity of service)
buildings with 4 or more elevator stops and the gross area above 6000
m2 provide two elevators
1
HANDLING CAPACITY
total number of passengers that the system can transport within a certain period
of time
usually 5 minutes i.e. 300 seconds
INTERVAL TIME
It represents the longest time between elevator dispatch from the main lobby
Where
• I= Interval Time
• RTT = round trip time for one elevator
• N = number of elevators in the group
Round Trip Time - RTT
RTT - (single lift) is defined as the average period of time for
a car-trip around a building
Measured from the instant the car doors start to open at first
landing
RTT =
Entry + Exit time of the passengers on each floor +
Acceleration time + Stopping time + Single floor
flight time
Round Trip Time RTT
Basic assumptions :
1. All Passengers arrive uniformly in time
2. All floors equally populated
3. All cars load to 80%
4. Other operating time (like dwell time) ignored
5. Traffic controller is ‘ideal’
H is inversely proportional to T
T turn is proportional to RTT
UP-PEAK HANDLING CAPACITY
UPPHC = (300 x Q) / T
Residential 7.5-9%
[Source – NBC]
[Source – NBC]
REFERENCES
Fred Hall & Roger Greeno ,Building Services Handbook, Fourth Edition 2007