Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University Of Technology

formely known as
WEST BENGAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

REGENERATIVE
BRAKING
SYSTEM
TECHNO MAIN, SALTLAKE

Department Of Mechanical Engineering

IN THE GUIDANCE OF

DR SUDAY GHOSH
DR AMIYA BHAUMIK

PRESENTED BY :
1. MANABENDRA LAHA ( 13000715043)
2. ANKIT KUMAR BURNWAL (13000715013)
3. MUKHTAR AHMAD (13000716012)
4. SHUBHAM SRIVASTAVA (13000716006)
5. ANIKET BERA (13000715010)
6. ARKAPRAVA DE (13000715019)
7. KOUSTAV MAHANTA (13000715038)
 CONTENTS
 Introduction  Need Of Regenerative
 Principle Of Operation Braking System
 Elements Of the System  Working Of Regenerative
 Energy Storage Unit (ESU) Braking System
 Controller  Advantages &
 Regenerative Brake Controllers Disadvantages
 Sectional Description  Comparison Between
Dynamic & Regenerative
 Metal Fabrication
Brakes
 Wheel
 DC Motor
 Applications
 Dynamo  Conclusion
 Battery  References
 INTRODUCTION
Regenerative braking is a kinetic energy recovery mechanism
which slows a vehicle or object by converting its kinetic
energy into a form which can be either used immediately or
stored until needed.
 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Law of Conservation of Energy states that, The total energy of an
isolated system cannot change it is said to be conserved over
time.
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can
change form, for instance Chemical energy can be converted to
Kinetic energy in the explosion of a stick of Dynamite.
The most common form of Regenerative brakes involves
using an Electric motor as an Electric Generator. The generated
electricity is fed back into the supply system, whereas in battery
electric and hybrid electric vehicles, the energy is stored
chemically in a battery.
 ELEMENTS OF THE SYSTEM

Energy Storage Unit

The ESU performs two primary functions
 To recover & store braking energy
 To absorb excess engine energy during light load operation
Controllers
An “ON-OFF” engine control system is used. That means that the
engine is “ON” until the energy storage unit has been reached the
desired charge capacity and then is decoupled and stopped until the
energy storage unit charge fall below its minimum requirement.
Regenerative Brake Controllers
Brake controllers are electronic devices that can control brakes
remotely. During the operation, the brake controller directs the
electricity produced by the motor into the batteries or capacitors, but
also ensures that the inflow of electricity isn't more than the batteries
can handle. Important function of the brake controller is to decide
whether the motor is currently capable of handling the force necessary
for stopping the car. If it isn't, the brake controller turns the job over to
the friction brakes.
 SECTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Metal Fabrication
Metal fabrication is the building of metal structures by cutting,
bending, and assembling processes. It is a value added process that
involves the construction of machines and structures from various raw
materials.
Processes involves,
 Cutting

 Bending

 Assembeling

 Burning & Welding

Wheel
A wheel is a circular component that is intended to rotate on an axle
bearing. It is one of the key components of the vehicle. Wheels, in
conjunction with axles, allow heavy objects to be moved easily
facilitating movement or transportation while supporting a load, or
performing labor in machines.
DC Motor
A DC motor is type of a rotary electrical machines that converts direct
current electrical energy into mechanical energy. These rely on the
forces produced by magnetic fields.
These are having either electromechanical or electronic internal
mechanims to periodically change the direction of current flow in part
of the motor.
Dynamo
A dynamo is an electrical generator that produces direct current with
the use of a commutator. These were the first electrical generators
capable of delivering power for industry.
A dynamo has the disadvantages of a mechanical commutator. Also,
converting alternating to direct current using power rectification
devices (vacuum tube or more recently solid state) is effective and
usually economic.
Battery
An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more
electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power
electrical devices such as flashlights, smartphones, and electric cars.
When a battery is supplying electric power, its positive terminal is the
cathode and its negative terminal is the anode. The terminal marked
negative is the source of electrons that when connected to an external
circuit will flow and deliver energy to an external device.
 NEED OF REGENERATIVE
BRAKING SYSTEM

 Regenerative Braking have the potential to improve the fuel

economy of the vehicles.

 The price increase of petroleum based fuel also given rise to various
research and development efforts in energy conservation.

 It reduces the emission of vehicles.

 It improves the fuel consumption by 33%.

WORKING OF REGENERATIVE
BRAKING SYSTEM
The whole setup is constructed on a metallic base of sides 1.5 ft each.
The wheel is mounted on a shaft at a certain height so that the wheel
does not touch the base at any moment of operation.
Another wheel with a lower radius is attached to the primary
wheel on the same shaft and its sole purpose is to provide friction
lining to transfer the rotational energy to the external output wheel
when the two are in contact.
The external wheel is attached to the base at a certain height
providing a handle-like construction to turn on or off the contact
between the wheels.
We have used an externally rotating device that helps rotate
the shaft after an initial motion to simulate the function of a car engine.
The rotational energy is used in motor to be converted to electrical
energy and eventually stored in a battery for future purposes. For our
case, the lighting up of the bulbs indicate that the energy while used
during braking is being stored in battery and then used for the bulbs to
light up.
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

ADVANTAGES

 Improved Performance
 Emission Reduction
 Reduction in Engine Wear
 Cuts down on pollution related to electricity generation
 Increase the lifespan of friction braking system
 Smaller Accessories
 Less use of traditional mechanical brakes leads to less wear over
time.
 Increase of overall energy efficiency of a vehicle
DIS - ADVANTAGES

 Friction brakes are still necessary

 Cost of Component, Engineering, Manufacturing and
Installation is high
 Added maintenance requirement dependent on the complexity of
design
 Added weight extra components can increase weight
COMPARISON BETWEEN DYNAMIC
& REGENERATIVE BRAKES
DYNAMIC BREAKING SYSTEM
In Dynamic Braking, whatever energy is stored, it is dissipated
through the braking resistance and the other components in the circuit.

REGENERATIVE BREAKING SYSTEM

In Regenerative Braking, whatever energy is stored, it is sent
back to the source (say, a battery) so that it can be reused later.
 APPLICATIONS

• Super - Capacitor in Mazda A-6

• Regenerative Braking System in Locomotives.

• Cars with Regenerative Braking System

o Toyota Prius
o Honda Insight
o Ford Escape Hybrid
o Tesla Roadster
o Chevy Volt
 CONCLUSION
Regenerative braking System is an effective method of improviong
vehicle efficiency and longevity.
The overall effectiveness of the regenerative braking system
improves with increasing average speed and with increasing
stopping/braking frequency. It is observed that with more speed of
vehicle the RBS saves more energy while with lowers the speed RBS
saves less energy.
A method for powering LED using regenerative braking has
been presented in this work. This project is developed and tested
extensively and found to be operating successfully in the test
conditions.
 REFERENCES
 Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerative_brake
 Howstuffworks
https://auto.howstuffworks.com/auto-parts/brakes/brake-
types/regenerative-braking.htm
 Bosch Mobility Solutions
https://www.bosch-mobility-solutions.com/en/products-and-
services/passenger-cars-and-light-commercial-vehicles/driving-
safety-systems/regenerative-braking-systems/
 https://www.youtube.com/
 https://carbiketech.com/regenerative-braking-working/
 https://www.scribd.com
 https://www.tesla.com/blog/magic-tesla-roadster-regenerative-
braking
THANK
YOU!