1-Man’s Original State

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Q.What do we mean by man's original state?
 A. By man's original state, we mean his state
immediately following his creation and prior to his
lapse into sin.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Circumstances of man's original state
 It was one of special providence.
 It was one of unhindered access to God.
 It was one of exemption from physical death.
 It was one of liberty within the circumference of
the law.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Circumstances of man's original state
 It was one of most intimate companionship witha
counterpart of his own flesh and bone.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

A BIBLICAL INFORMATION
 26 And God said, Let us make man in our image, after
our likeness: let them have dominion over the fish of
the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle,
and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing
that creepeth upon the earth.
 27 So God created man in his own image, in the image
of God he created him; male and female he created
them.” Gen. 1:26-27

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

In what did this image of God consist?
 Natural likeness to God or personality
 Moral likeness to God or holiness

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Natural likeness to God or personality
 Man possessed intellect, affection and will.
 To know self as related to the world and to God
 To determine self in view of moral ends.
 Inalienable
 Self-consciousness and self-determination

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Moral likeness to God or holiness
 Man have right tendencies such as bent, proclivity, and
disposition
 Man was created with such a direction of the affections and
the will, as constituted God the supreme end of man's being,
and constituted man a finite reflection of God's moral
attributes

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Moral likeness to God or holiness
 (a) Not as constituting the substance or essence of human
nature,—for in this case human nature would have ceased to
exist as soon as man sinned.
 (b) Nor as a gift from without, foreign to human nature, and
added to it after man's creation,—for man is said to have
possessed the divine image by the fact of creation, and not by
subsequent bestowal.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Moral likeness to God or holiness
 (c) But rather, as an original direction or tendency of man's
affections and will, still accompanied by the power of evil
choice, and so, differing from the perfected holiness of the
saints, as instinctive affection and childlike innocence differ
from the holiness that has been developed and confirmed by
experience of temptation.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Moral likeness to God or holiness
 (d) As a moral disposition, moreover, which was propagable
to Adam's descendants, if it continued, and which, though
lost to him and to them, if Adam sinned, would still leave
man possessed of a natural likeness to God which made him
susceptible of God's redeeming grace.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Two theories of man's original state
 A. The image of God as including only personality.
 This theory denies that any positive determination to virtue
inhered originally in man's nature, and regards man at the
beginning as simply possed of spiritual powers, perfectly
adjusted to each other. This is the view of Schleiermacher, who
is followed by Nitzsch, Julius Muller, and Hofmann.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Two theories of man's original state
 B. The image of God as consisting simply in man's natural
capacity for religion.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Man’s Original State
 Man’s original state is best understood by considering what
takes place in the redemption and re-creation of man, that is,
what man is given in his new life is surely in some way what
he lost in the Fall. Because of the Cross man is given, not
completely, but gradually, what he lost in Eden.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Man’s Original State
 The New Testament affirms that the believer is being created
with true righteousness and holiness (Eph. 4:24) and
renewed in knowledge (Col. 3:10); therefore, Adam in the
Garden must have been created with original righteousness
and a finite but perfect knowledge.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Man’s Original State
 In addition to being morally upright and intellectually astute,
man’s original state was mutable—he was capable of losing
that which had been given to him at the time of his creation.
And he did lose it as is reflected in the words: “in the day that
you eat of it, you shall surely die” (Gen. 2:17).

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Man’s Original State
 Also man at the point of his creation not only represented
himself but represented his children, and all future
individuals. This is the unmistakable teaching of Rom. 5:12-
21.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Man’s Original State
 The Earth

Lived in Eden
Morally Upright
Intellectually Astute
Created to Work
Mutable
Representative

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

THE EARTH
 Man is a creature of the earth. He is made from earth, lives
off the earth, rules over the earth, and will return to the
earth at death. Earth is the home of man

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 According to the Scriptures the earth was made on the first
day (Gen. 1:1-3); the rest of the universe—the sun, moon,
and stars—was created on day four (Gen. 1:14-19).
Therefore, there was a point when only the earth existed,
suspended alone in the vast expanse of space, a space
indicated by the word, “heavens” in Genesis 1:1.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 The earth belongs to the Lord; “The earth is YHWH’s, and all
its fullness, the world and those who dwell therein” (Ps. 24:1;
see Ps. 47:2,7). Man has no claim on the earth; he inhabits
that which is not his and can never be his. The earth belongs
to the Lord; He prepared it to serve His eternal plan. Thus,
this planet is serving a Theistic purpose, of which man is a
part.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Not only does the earth belong to the Lord, but it is
sustained by His power and continuously provided for by His
goodness (Ps. 104:10-18, 27-30; see: Preservation); He is
sovereign over His creation (Ps. 47:2, 7: 148:11: Isa. 54:5;
Matt. 11:25; see:God is Sovereign). He rules that which He
has made, insuring its continuity and therefore, its destiny.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

LIVED IN EDEN
 God prepared a home for Adam and placed him in it: “YHWH God
planted a garden eastward in Eden, and there He put the man whom He
had formed” (Gen. 2:8). Adam’s home is spoken of in three different
ways: “a garden eastward in Eden” (2:8), “the garden of Eden” (2:15;
3:23, 24; Joel 2:3), and simply “Eden” (Isa. 51:3; Ezek. 28:13; 31:9).
Thus, three points can be concluded: one, Adam’s home was a garden;
two, it was located somewhere in Eden; and three, Eden was probably
located east of where Adam was created.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 “Eden” means “delight,” and the Garden has come to be equated with Paradise,
man’s idyllic original home, which is indicative of the future bliss that man will
enjoy in eternity. Trees pleasant to the sight and good for food were there (Gen.
2:9), including “the tree of life” in the middle of the Garden and “the tree of the
knowledge of good and evil” (Gen. 2:9). And a river was there, a river that
arose in Eden, watered the garden, and then divided into four rivers. Of the
four rivers named in the Scriptures only two are known, the Tigris (Hiddekel)
and the Euphrates (Gen. 2:10-14). Identification of the Pishon and Gihon is
impossible. From these limited geographical references, the conclusion must be
that the Garden was located somewhere in the area of ancient Mesopotamia or
Armenia.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Man was to tend and keep the Garden (Gen. 2:15), that is,
man was to cultivate the Garden and protect the Garden. The
latter word, “keep” is the same word translated “guard” in
Genesis 3:24.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Adam experienced fellowship with God in the Garden. The
Scriptures record God “walking in the garden in the cool of
the day” (Gen. 3:8). The fact that man was created did not
cause such a divide between God and Adam so that
communion between the two was impossible; in fact, man
was created so that he could have fellowship with God.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

MORALLY UPRIGHT
 Man was not created neutral, nor sinful, but morally upright
and therefore his initial conduct was ethically proper.
 He was not inclined toward sin but was disposed toward
rectitude. Characterized by original righteousness, his initial
state was one of created goodness.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 God’s evaluation of all His creative work was that “it was very good”
(Gen. 1:31). This included man, who at the point of his creation was
“very good,” very good in his physical appearance, his mental capabilities,
and in his moral state; thus, original righteousness was an essential
aspect of Adam’s nature. Additional comment is provided by the wise
man: “Truly, this only I have found, that God made man upright” (Eccl.
7:29). According to these verses the two words used to describe the
newly created man are “good” and “upright.” Surely, this settles the
question of the original moral state of man.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Additionally, since man was made in the “image” of God, man
must have been created so that he reflected the righteousness
or goodness of God, not an intrinsic righteousness that was
immutable as is true of God, but a goodness that was real for
Adam.
 To bear the “likeness” of God conveys in some sense a certain
goodness that is reflective of the Creator.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 This is to affirm that in all of his reflections, Adam was
inclined toward the good; and each of his desires was noble.
It is impossible exegetically and improper theologically to
separate the image of God from the original state of goodness
in man.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Part of Adam’s being upright included a sense of right and
wrong, a sense of the ethical. This is to say that Adam’s
righteousness included knowledge that God must be obeyed
and that His directives could not be violated. Within the
moral state of Adam was an awareness that the state could be
debased and therefore lost. Adam’s morally upright condition
was not immutable.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 In his epistle to the saints at Ephesus, Paul discusses the life of the
believer and presents it in terms of putting off (“put off . . . the old
man,” 4:22) and putting on (“put on the new man,” 4:24).
Characteristics of this “new man” are stated: “And that you put on the
new man which was created according to God, in true righteousness and
holiness” (Eph. 4:24). Note the points: one, the new man is created;
two, the new man is created by God; three, the new man is
characterized by righteousness and holiness; and four, the righteousness
is “true” righteousness.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

INTELLECTUALLY ASTUTE
 Rational facility was not a development but a gift, not the
result of human evolution but of Divine creation.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Scripture affirms that man inherently
possesses knowledge:
 Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness;
let them have dominion (Gen. 1:26);
 But there is a spirit in man, and the breath of the Almighty
gives him understanding (Job 32:8);
 He has set eternity in their hearts (Eccles. 3:11);
 men, who suppress the truth in unrighteousness (Rom.
1:18);

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 what may be known of God is manifest in them, for God has
shown it to them(Rom. 1:19; NASB, “that which is known
about God is evident within them; for God made it evident
to them”);
 although they knew God, they did not glorify Him as God
(Rom. 1:21);
 they did not like to retain God in their knowledge (Rom.
1:28);

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 knowing the righteous judgment of God (Rom. 1:32);
 who show the work of the law written in their hearts, their
conscience also bearing witness, and between themselves their
thoughts accusing or else excusing them (Rom. 2:15);
 having their own conscience seared with a hot iron (I Tim. 4:2);
 their mind and conscience are defiled (Tit. 1:15).

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

CREATED TO WORK
 Then God blessed them, and God said to them, “Be fruitful
and multiply; fill the earth and subdue it; have dominion over
the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, and over every
living thing that moves on the earth” (Gen. 1:28);
 Then YHWHd God took the man and put him in the garden
of Eden to tend and keep it (Gen. 2:15);

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Out of the ground YHWH God formed every beast of the
field and every bird of the air, and brought them to Adam to
see what he would call them. And whatever Adam called each
living creature, that was its name (Gen. 2:19).

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Then the heavens and the earth, and all the host of them,
were finished. And on the seventh day God finished the work
which He had done, and He rested on the seventh day from
all His work that He had done. Then God blessed the seventh
day and made it holy because on it He rested from all His
work which God had created and made (Gen. 2:1-3).

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 In working, man is like God; the creature is like the Creator.
Several times God informs man of His work (see:Work of
Creation) and instructs man to work in order to follow His
example. So God intends for man, as least in this area, to be like
Him. Man is to emulate his Maker. Foundationally, work must be
reflected upon from the work of God; this is to affirm that work
must be viewed Theistically before it can be considered humanly
or earthly.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Man was given work to do, even before the Fall. So work in
its essential character is not associated with sin but with
creation. Work is not evil; work is good. Initially, work is not
to be reflected upon from the perspective of the Fall and its
accompanying curse, but is to be contemplated as part of the
original creational model.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. six days you shall labor
and do all your work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the
Lord your God. In it you shall do no work: you, or your son, or
your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant,
nor your cattle, or your stranger who is within your gates. For in
six days YHWH made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all
that is in them, and rested the seventh day. ThereforeYHWH
blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it (Ex. 20:8-11; see:The
Seventh Day).

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

MUTABLE
 Though man was created with moral integrity and
intellectual astuteness, he was not created immutable; he was
created with the capacity to change. That which he had been
given could be lost, and the original state could be forfeited.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 And YHWH God commanded the man, saying, “Of every
tree of the garden you may freely eat; but of the tree of the
knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day
that you eat of it you shall surely die” (Gen. 2:16-17).

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Death was not part of Adam’s creation; it was inconsistent
with his original state. Adam was made to live not made to
die. But death was predicted as a possibility if he disobeyed
God. So that which he did not have as part of his created
experience, he could come to have if he did not continue in
obedience. Death was possible because man was mutable.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 The change that came to man was not partial but total; no
element of man was immutable. In the Garden man lost his
original state and entered into a sinful state, a state of
alienation, condemnation, guilt, and shame. In this great loss,
there was no aspect of man’s life that was unaffected; the
totality of man was altered by the entrance of sin.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

REPRESENTATIVE
 According to the Scriptures the human race, its condition
and destiny, is best understood in terms of the two Adams,
the first Adam and the Second Adam. The first Adam is
associated with Eden and sin; the Second Adam is associated
with Calvary and salvation: “For as in Adam all die, even so in
Christ all shall be made alive” (I Cor. 15:22). What was lost
by Adam was gained by Christ

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Scripture clearly establishes the representative nature of
Adam in Romans 5, that is, the identification of Adam with
the race:
 through one man sin entered the world, and death through
sin . . . because all sinned (v. 12; “sinned,” hemarton, is an
aorist verb indicating a completed past action);

by the one man’s offense many died (v. 15);

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 the judgment which came from one offense resulted in condemnation (v.
16);
by the one man’s offense death reigned through the one (v. 17);
through one man’s offense judgment came to all men (v. 18);
by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners (v. 19; “were made,”
katestathesan, is an aorist verb indicating a completed past action; word
means “to constitute” or “to cause to be”).

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Romans 5:12-21 provides the basis for affirming solidarity
between Adam and the subsequent human population of the earth,
for the passage compares and contrasts the two Adams in their
relationship to the race. In some manner the original Adam was
the representative of the race in the Garden; his deeds were
determined to impact his descendants. But in what sense was he
our representative? How were we identified with him?

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

Various relationships have been
proffered:
 One, there is no immediate and direct relationship between
Adam and the race.
 Two, all men were present seminally in Adam, so when Adam
sinned, all of the members of the future race sinned.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Three, some hold that the race inherited corruption
(spiritual death, or depravity) from Adam but not individual
guilt, meaning that man has the inclination to sin, but not the
responsibility for sin from Adam; guilt for each individual
comes when the received corruption from Adam results in an
individual committing specific sins in the life.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Four, Adam was the Federal or Covenant head of the race, as
well as the natural head.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

SEXUALITY IN ITS ORIGINAL STATE

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

THE ORIGINAL UNITY OF HUMANITY

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

INNER LIFE AND ITS ORGANIC
SUPPORT

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 2-MAN’S PRESENT STATE

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

BIBLICAL INFORMATION
 Paul attributes the current state of man to the deed of Adam. He writes:
“by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners” (v. 19). As pointed
out above, the verb, “were made,” is an aorist, indicating an act in the
past that is also a completed act; this means that the “sinner's state” is not
a state that is developing in the present as personal sins are committed,
but is a state that was accomplished and determined in the Garden.
Individuals do not become sinners in the present because of the sins they
commit but became sinners in the past because of the sin Adam
committed.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

 Moreover, the verb, “were made,” (v. 19) literally means “constituted”;
that is, the “many” (the future race) were “made,” (“constituted,” “caused
to be,” “declared,” or “determined”) to be sinners. Their state was not
their independent doing but it was visited upon them because of the
doing of Adam; the race was not active in the bringing about of this
condition but was passive. The future state of all people would be
determined by Adam. It was really the determination of God; He
determined that the state and destiny of the race would be dependent
upon the act of Adam.

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE

1-MAN'S ORIGINAL STATE