TEETH SELECTION FOR

EDENTULOUS CASE
GOALS FOR SELECTION OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH

• Construct a denture to:

• Function well
• Allow pt: speak normally
• Esthetically pleasing
• Will not abuse the natural tissue
TOOTH SELECTION STAGES:

• ANTERIOR TEETH SELECTION(ATS)

• POSTERIOR TEETH SELECTION
ANTERIOR TEETH SELECTION

• SELECTION CRITERIA:
• Selection of tooth size
• Selection of tooth shape(form)
• Selection of tooth colour(shade)
• selection of tooth material
SELECTION OF TOOTH SIZE

• SIZE HAS THREE DIMENSIONS:

• Mesio-distal width
• occlusal-gingival height
• facio-lingual thickness
GUIDES FOR THE SELECTION OF ANTERIOR
TEETH SIZE

1. PRE-EXTRACTION GUIDES
2. POST-EXTRACTION GUIDES
PRE-EXTRACTION GUIDES FOR THE SELECTION
OF TOOTH SIZE
1.PHOTOGRAPHS
-provide information on width and form of teeth(rarely
on colour)
-usefulness depends on the extent of teeth visibility
-digitization of images make computer assisted vision
possible
2. RADIOGRAPHS
-Helps in size and form selection
-Need compensation for magnification
-distortion of radiographic image is an inherent problem
3.EXTRACTED TEETH
-Excellent guide for tooth size and form selection
-not a good guide to select shade of teeth
5.PREVIOUS DENTURES
POST EXTRACTION GUIDES FOR THE
SELECTION OF TOOTH SIZE
A. GUIDES TO DETERMINE THE TOOTH WIDTH
1.Size of the face
2.Anthropometric measurements:
.Bi-Zygomatic width
.Cranial circumferance
3.Corner of the mouth
GUIDES TO DETERMINE THE TOOTH OCCLUSO-
GINGIVAL HEIGHT

1. HIGH LIP LINE

2.INTER-ARCH SPACE
GUIDES TO DETERMINE THE TOOTH FACIO-
LINGUAL THICKNESS

• Thicker teeth should be prefered

• Can be rotated and space out to give more realistic
appearance
• Allow more depth while setting the teeth
SELECTION OF TOOTH FORM

• Shape/form of artificial teeth is three

dimensional.Therefore teeth has got three important
forms:
-Facial form
-Lateral/proximal form
-Incisal form
 FACIAL FORM

• LEON WILLIAMS THEORY:

-Face form corresponds to facial form of inverted
central incisor.
-Similarly,face form corresponds to arch form
-Face form can be categorized into three primary
forms:
-Square form
-Tapering form
-Ovoid form
LATERAL/PROXIMAL FORM AND INCISAL FORM

• Lateral face form determine the lateral form of the

artificial teeth
• Lateral face form can be categorized into-
• straight
• convex
SELECTION OF TOOTH COLOUR(SHADE)

• Colour of an object is recognized when a light of a

particular wavelenght is reflected off an object and
then falls on the retina of the eye.
PROPERTIES OF COLOUR

1.HUE
-determined by wavelength of reflected light
-shorter the wavelength,the closer the hue is to violet
portion
-longer the wavelength,the closer the hue is to the red
portion
2.CHROMA
-Canine is more saturated than other anterior teeth
3.value
-Represents amount of black or white
- The brightness depends on the amount of light energy
reflected/transmitted by an object
4.TRANSLUCENCY
-represents the amount of light transmitted throughan
object
-predominant in the area of incisal edges
FACTORS EFFECTING THE COLOUR OF
NATURAL TEETH
• AGE: as age progresses teeth become more opaque
• WEAE: teeth looks more glossy,smooth and prone to
stains
• GENDER: females have more whiter teeth
• DEMINERALIZATION: teeth gets more prone to staining
• STAINS: both extrinsic and intrinsic stains effects the
actual shade of the natural standing teeth
SHADE SELECTION FOR EDENTULOUS PATIENT

– PRE EXTRACTION GUIDES:

-not particularly helpful for shade selection
-photographs
-extracted teeth
POST EXTRACTION GUIDES:

COLOUR OF THE EYES AND HAIR:

-black eye individuals have darker teeth shade
SKIN COLOUR:
-fair skinned individuals can be given lighter shades
DENTOGENIC CONCEPT:
-proposed by Frush and Fisher
-Has got the great impact on selection of teeth
-teeth selected according to this concept consider the
following factors in the given order:
• GENDER:
-females have delicate look accorded by rounding the
point angles and avoiding the sharp angles in the contour
of the teeth
-select the small lateral incisors
-set the lateral incisors at higher level than centrals.
• PERSONALITY:
-patient can have vigorous or delicate personality
-vigorous look can be given by:
→selecting wider centrals
→selecting darker shade
→sharp line and point angles
-Delicate personality can be created by:
→more paler teeth
→rounded contours
• AGE:
• Aged appearance can be given by:
• wearing the incisal edges
• proximal wear can also be incorporated
• more of cervical portion visible to give gingival recession
appearance
• select darker shade
• age characterized molds are also available
CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE SELECTION OF
TEETH

1.Masticatory function
2.Preservation of ridge
3.Denture stability
4.Soft tissue health
5.Esthetics
SELECTION CRITERIA FOR POSTERIOR TEETH

1.colour
2.mesiodistal width
3.buccolingual width
4.occlusogingival length
5.cuspal inclination
6.material selection
→COLOUR SELECTION:
-the upper premolars and mesiobuccal half of the first
molar are usually visible during smile.
-canines are the darkest teeth
-premolars and molars should be slightly lighter in shade
than canine
-the difference should not be too much obvious.
• MESIO-DISTAL WIDTH SELECTION:
-Mesio-distal width is dictated by the length of
mandible: residual ridge from the distal of the canine to
retro-molar pad.
-Teeth that extends too close to the posterior border
of maxillary denture may cause cheek biting.
• BUCCO-LINGUAL WIDTH SELECTION:
-Should be less than the width of the natural teeth
-Narrow occlusal table reduces the level of forces
needed to masticate
-Narrow occlusal table allows the development of
correct form of polished surfaces by allowing the buccal
and lingual dentures flanges to slope away from occlusal
surface
Correct polished surface form assist cheeks and tongue
in maintaining the denture in position.
• OCCLUSO-GINGIVAL LENGTH SELECTION:
-Vertical height should correspond to the available inter arch
spaces.
-Maxillary first premolar length should be compatible with
the maxillary canine
-Longer teeth can be selected for patients where there is
more inter arch space or in older patients to mimic gingival
recession.