OBJECTIVES

 Tobe able to identify and describe the

different properties of mineral
 To
be able to group the minerals based on
chemical composition
 To
identify several common rock forming
minerals
MINERALS

 Mineral — a naturally occurring (not man-

made or machine generated), inorganic
(not a byproduct of living things) solid with
an orderly crystalline structure and a
definite chemical composition

 Minerals are the basic building blocks of

rocks.
Cite some examples of minerals we used
in our daily lives
USES OF MINERALS
 1. In Medicine: They are categorized as the inorganic chemical
for better classification. Elements like calcium, iron, sodium,
magnesium, potassium, aluminum, titanium oxide, etc. find a
large use in health care.
 Iron: It is a component of the hemoglobin of blood cells.
 Calcium: It is the key element of bones and teeth.
 Aluminum & Magnesium: These two mineral extracts are
used in gastric acidity, heartburn treatment
 Iodine: It is a mineral obtained from oceans. It is used as a
powerful disinfectant. You might have heard about iodine
tincture used in the past to clean the wounds. It can also
treat goiter
 2. Graphite: It is one of the widely available minerals
containing the non-metallic element carbon. Graphite is
widely used in making pencils, electrodes, etc.
 3. In-Cosmetics minerals like talc, bentonite, steatite are
used in making cosmetics. They are used in talcum
powders, lotions, creams, etc.
 4. In making metals equipment
 5. In agriculture, Many minerals like gypsum, Zinc,
potassium, phosphate, sulfur are widely used. They are
applied as fertilizers to aid better yield.
 6. Electricity production: Minerals like uranium,
plutonium which are radio-active are used for power
generation. They can generate power at lesser wastage
than regular means like coal, petroleum, etc.
 7. Economic contribution Minerals are the prime
contributor of the economy for many countries. These
countries rich in mineral resources export them to make
revenues to the governments.
 8. Home construction Many minerals are used in home
construction like cement, plaster of Paris, etc. These
substances are made of many minerals like calcium oxide,
aluminum oxide, silica, gypsum, etc. Besides these,
minerals are also used in home decorative items like
ceramic tiles, china clay, marble stone, granite, etc.
 9. Glassmaking: Glass is one of the most common
requirements of our daily life. We use them as part of
construction, design, in kitchen, for beverages, etc.
Besides, it is highly transparent making it good for
windshields and automobiles. This glass is made from sand
since ages.
 Other uses of minerals include
 10. Quartz is used in the making of watch glasses; some forms of crystal
minerals are also used in jewelry as gemstones. Steatite is used in making
talcum powders.
Group Activity:
 Make a research on the following topics:
 Group 1 – minerals and rocks
 Identify and classify the different kinds of rocks
 Mineral properties
Group 2 – what are the rocks and mineral properties
Describe how rocks behave under different types of stress
Group 3 – Continental Drift Theory
Explain the continental drift theory
Group 4 – The Rock Cycle
 QUIZ

 1. What are the 3 different types of rocks and

describe each(3)
 2. Give atleast 3 properties of rocks and describe
each.
 3. Give atleast 3 uses of minerals
 4. Do you consider a water a mineral? Why or why
not?
 5. Which mineral possess the least hard and which
is the hardest according to the MOHS scale?