Poetry

Define Poetry
• Is derived from the Greek word
poesis meaning “making or
creating”.

• Is a kind of language that says

it more intensely than ordinary
language does.
Remember five things in
Poetry
• Poetry is concentrated thought.
• Poetry is a kind of word-music.
• Poetry expresses all the
senses.
• Poetry answers our demand for
rhythm.
• Poetry is observation plus
imagination.
 Elements of Poetry
• Sense is revealed through the meaning of
words, images and symbols.

a. diction- denotative and connotative

meanings/symbols.
b. images and sense impression – sight,
sound smell, taste, touch,
motion, and emotion.
c. figures of speech- simile, metaphor,
• Sound- is the result of a combination
of elements.
a. tone color- alliteration,
assonance, consonance,
rhyme, repetition anaphora

b. rhythm – orders recurrent

alteration of strong and
weak elements in the flow of
the sound and silence: duple,
triple, running or common
c. meter- stress, duration, or
number of syllables per
line, fixed
metrical pattern, or a verse
form: quantitative,
syllabic
accentual and accentual
syllabic.
• Structure – refers to arrangement of words
and lines to fit together and organization
of the parts of the whole.

a. word order – natural and unnatural

arrangement of words

b. ellipsis – omitting some words for economy

and effect

c. punctuation –abundance or lack of

punctuation marks.
Types of
Poetry
 Narrative poetry
• Epic – a tale centering about a hero
concerning the beginning, continuance,
and the end of events of great
significance – war, conquest, strife
among men who are in such a position
of struggles take on tribal or
national significance.

• Metrical Romance –tells a story of

Metrical tale – consist of a single
series of connective events that are
simple idylls or home tales, love tales,
supernatural written for a strong moral
purpose.

Ballad – the simplest type and intended

to be sung.

Popular ballad – telling some simple

incidents of adventure, cruelty, passion
 Modern or artistic imitation
of a
folk a ballad

•Metrical allegory – an
extended narrative that
carries a second meaning
along with the surface
story. Things and actions
 Lyrical Poetry
•Ode – a lyric poem some length
serious in subject and dignified
in style.
-It is the most majestic of the
lyric poems
-It written in a spirit of
praise of some persons or
things
• Elegy- a lamentation for death
• Song lyric poem with regular metrical
pattern set to music
• Corridos (kuridos) – these have
measure of eight syllables(
octosyllbic) and recited to a material
beat.
e.g Ibong Adarna by Jose Dela Cruz (Huseng
Sisiw)
• Sonnet – a lyric poem containing
fourteen iambic lines and complicated
LITERARY DEVICES IN
POETRY
 Figures of Speech

• Simile – consists of comparing two

things using the words like
or as.
Example: Your face is as big as a
seed
but you do not bear
fruit…
Metaphor – uses direct comparison of two unlike
things and ideas.

Example: Dear Lord

Let thou be the street-cleaner
Whilst I be the read

(Prayer by: NVM Gonzales)

• Personification – gives human traits to
inanimate objects or ideas.

Example: The bullet said to the heart:

from now on we shall never
apart.

( lines from Communion by: Gerson

M.Mallilin)
• Apostrophe – is a direct address to
someone absent, dead, or
inanimate.

Example: Little Sampaguita

With the wandering eye
Did a tiny fairy
drop you where you lie?

(lines from The Sampaguita by Natividad

Marquez)
• Metonymy – substitutes a word that
closely relates to a person or a
thing.

• Example: The pen is mightier than

sword.
He lives through the
bottle.
I have read all of
Shakespeare.
•Synecdoche – uses a part to
represent a whole.

Example: no busy hand provoke

a tear.
no roving foot shall
crush here.
• Hyperbole – makes use of exaggeration.

Example : I know what to name thy

charms
thou art half human, half
divine;
and if I could thee in my
arms,
I know both heaven and earth
were mine.
• Irony – says the opposite of what is
meant.

Example:

Alexander Graham Bell invented the

telephone but refused to keep one in
his study. He feared it would
distract him from work
• Allusion – refers to any literary,
biblical, historical, mythological,
scientific event, character or place

Example: The Pendulum

is a thing of thread
to nervous person like me
it reminds one swaying Iscariot
suspended from a tree
• Antithesis – involves contrast of
words or ideas

Example: love is so short… forgetting

is so long
you maybe through ith the past
but the past isn’t through with
you
man proposes, God disposes.
They promised freedom and
provided slavery.
• Paradox – uses a phrase or statement that on
surface seems contradictor but makes some kind
of emotional sense.

Example: my dear, canst thou resolve for me

this paradox of love concerning thee
mine eyes, when opened, with thy
beauty fill-
but when they’re closed they see thee
better still

(lines from Paradox by A.E

•Litotes – makes a deliberate
understatement used to affirm
by negating its opposite.

Example: war is not healthy

and other living things
•Oxymoron – puts together in one
statement two contradictory terms

Examples: resident – alien

silent scream
living dead
clearly misunderstood
butt head
• Onomatopoeia – the formation or use
of words which imitate sounds, but
the term is generally expanded to
refer to any word whose sound is
suggestive of its meaning whether
by imitation or through cultural
inference.

Example: whisper buzz

boom bang
crackle
• Alliteration - is the repetition
of initial identical consonant
sounds or any vowel sounds in
successive or closely associated
syllables especially stressed
syllables.

e.g.

They click upon themselves

As the breeze rises, and turn many-
colored