BRICKS

•The bricks are obtained by molding clay in rectangular block of

uniform size and then by drying and burning this blocks.

•As bricks are uniform size they can properly arranged.

•The common brick is one of the oldest building material.

•It is extensively used at present as a leading material of

construction, because of durability, strength, low cost, and easily
available, etc.
 QUALITIES OF
GOOD BRICKS
 table-moulded, well burnt in kilns, copper colored,
free from cracks, sharp and square edges, uniform
and bright color
 uniform and standard size
 bright, homogenous and uniform compact
structure
 should not absorb more than 20% by weight for 1st
class bricks and 22% by weight for 2nd class bricks,
when soaked in water for 24 hours
 sufficiently hard
 low thermal conductivity, sound proof
 crushing strength below 5.50 N/mm sq
 TESTS FOR BRICKS
ABSORBTION
 A brick is taken and it is weighed dry.
 It is then immersed in water for a period of 16 hours.
 It is weighed again and the difference in weight indicates
the amount of water absorbed by the brick.
 It should not, in any case, exceed 20% of weight of dry brick.
CRUSHING STRENGTH
 The crushing strength of a brick is found out by placing it in a
compression testing machine.
 It is pressed till it breaks.
 As per BIS: 1077-1957, the minimum crushing or compressive
strength of bricks is 3.50 N/mm2.
 The bricks with crushing strength of 7 to 14 N/mm2 are
graded as A and those having above 14 N/mm are graded
as AA.
HARDNESS
 In this test, a scratch is made on brick surface with the help of a finger
nail.
 If no impression is left on the surface, the brick is treated to be
sufficiently hard.
SHAPE AND SIZE
 In this test, a brick is closely inspected.
 It should be of standard size and it’s shape should be truly rectangle
with sharp edges.
SOUNDNESS
 In this test, two bricks are taken and they are struck with each other.
 The bricks should not break and a clear ringing sound should be
produce.
STRUCTURE
 A brick is broken and its structure is examined.
 It should be homogeneous, compact and free from any defects such
as holes, lumps, etc.
 ADVANTAGES OF BRICKS

 If plaster is to be provided on sand lime bricks, the quantity of

mortar required will be less as bricks are uniform in size and
shape.
 The calcium silicate products are available in brick, block and
tile forms. They thus permit wider uses in housing and building
construction.
 The masonry work of these bricks offer the architects
considerable flexibility to produce complex shapes, intricate
designs and different surface finishes given a pleasant visual
effect.
 The raw material of these bricks do not contain any soluble
salt. Hence, trouble of efflorescence does not arise.
 These bricks are uniform in colour n texture.
 These bricks can be prepared where clay is scare. In other words,
the adoption of these bricks relives pressure on the agricultural land.
 These bricks have accurate size and shape with straight edges and
true rectangular faces.
 These bricks have better water repellant properties and noise
reduction coefficients and they grant protection from fire.
 These bricks present a clean appearance and hence, the plastering
may be avoided.
 The use of coloured sand-lime bricks offer permanent finish to the
wall without extra cost.
 The wastage of calcium silicate products is less, say within 1% or so
 DISADVANTAGES

 These bricks are not suitable for furnace brickwork because

they will disintegrate, if exposed to heat for a long time.
 These bricks are weak in offering resistance to the abrasion.
Hence, they cannot be used as paving material.
 These bricks cannot be used as foundation work as they are
less water resistant than clay bricks.
 Wherever suitable clay for the manufacture of clay bricks is
available in plenty, these bricks will prove to be un
economical.
BONDS IN BRICK-WORK
BUILDING
ARCHES
 Arch Types: Segmental Arch Types: Jack

Arch Types: Semicircular Arch Types: Bullseye

 Arch Types:
Horseshoe

Arch Types: Venetian

Arch Types:
Tudor

Arch Types:
Triangular

Arch Types:
Gothic
BRICK JALI