STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF

VARIES GRADES OF
CONCRETE
PRESENTATION BY:
SHAIK FEROZ (17915A0122)
K.NAVEEN KUMAR (17915A0118)
D.SAI KIRAN YADA (16911A0177)
B VIDYA SAGAR (16911A0171 )
INTRODUCTION:
Concrete structures have become very common in civil
engineering construction. concrete has established as a
universal building material because of its high compressive
strength, its adoptability to take any form and shape and
resistant to fire and corrosion with negligible maintenance cost.
Concrete is very strong in compression but very weak in
tension. its low tensile strength is compensated by introduction
steel reinforcement in tensile zone.
Concrete is the single most widely used material in the
world . After water concrete is the most widely used substance
on the planet.
CONCRETE:-
 Concrete is a composite material consisting of cement,
aggregate , and water in suitable proportion.
 The mix proportion shall be selected to ensure the workability
of fresh concrete and when concrete is hardened ,it shall have
required strength, durability and surface finish.
GRADE OF CONCRETE:-
 Grade of concrete is defined as the minimum strength the
concrete must posses after 28 days of construction with proper
quality control.
 These grade of concrete is converted into various mix
proportions varying from M10 to M80.
 Grades of concrete (Table 2 of IS 456-2000)
CHARACTERISTIC
GROUP GRADE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
DESIGNATION OF 150 mm at 28 days in
N/MM2 , fck
M10 10
Ordinary Concrete M15 15
M20 20
M25 25
M30 30
M35 35
Standard concrete M40 40
M45 45
M50 50
M55 55
Grades of concrete (Table 2 of IS 456-2000)
M60 60
M65 65
High strength concrete
M70 70
M75 75
M80 80

In the designation of concrete mix ,M refers to mix and the

number to the characteristic compressive strength of 150mm
cube at 28 days in N/mm 2 .
Objective:-
 The purpose of concrete mix design is to ensure the most
optimum proportions of the constituent material to fulfill to
requirement of the structure.
 To achieve the desired minimum strength in hardened stage.
 To achieve the durability in given environment conditions.
 To produce concrete as economically as possible.
 To achieve the designed/desired workability in the plastic
stage.
Basic considerations:-
 The following points must be considered while designing
concrete mix
1. Cost
2. Specification
3. Workability
4. Strength and durability
Concrete mix proportions:-
 The main objective of concrete mix proportioning is to
select the optimum proportion of various ingredients of
concrete to attain the required workability, strength and
durability with minimum cost.
 It can be done in following two ways.
a) Nominal mix concrete
b) Design mix concrete
Nominal mix concrete:
 In Nominal Mix, the proportions of cement, aggregates and
water are normally adopted .
 The nominal mix concrete is generally used for small works for
concrete M20 and lower.
 The proportions for nominal mix concrete generally adopted in
practice are given below
Grade of concrete Nominal mix proportion(cement : fine
aggregate : coarse aggregate)
M5 1:5:10
M7.5 1:4:8
M10 1:3:6
M15 1:2:4
M20 1;1.5:3
 DESIGN MIX CONCRETE:
 Design mix concrete is designed on the basis of requirements by
an engineer after analyzing the properties of individual ingredients
of concrete.
 The process of mix design consists of selecting optimum
proportion of cement, aggregates and water to produce the grade of
concrete with the required work ability, strength and durability
with minimum cost.
 Over the years several mix design methods have been developed
which are listed below
1. Minimum Voids Method
2. Maximum Density Method
3. Fineness Modulus Method
4. Road Research Laboratory Method
5. American Concrete Institute Method
6. IS Code Method
VARIOUS TESTS ON CONCRETE:
 In order to know the quality of concrete the following tests are
conducted on fresh concrete.
1. Workability Tests
2. Air Content
3. Setting Time
 In order to know the behavior of concrete the following tests
are conducted on hardened concrete.
1. Compressive Strength
2. Tensile Strength
3. Modulus Of Elasticity
WHY?
 To know weather the concrete is gaining its strength 100
percent or not for 28 days .
 To know the behavior of concrete is depends up on the mix
proportion or properties of ingredients in the concrete.
THANK YOU