CITIZENSHIP

“Citizenship is more than an individual

exchange of freedoms for rights; it is also
membership in a body politic, a nation,
and community. To be deemed fair, a
system must offer its citizens
opportunities for public recognition, and
groups cannot systematically suffer from
misrecognition in the form of stereotype
and stigma.”
-Melissa V. Harris
Concept of citizenship
 Citizen
A member of a democratic community
who enjoys full civil and political rights
and accorded protection inside and
outside the territory of the state.
 Citizenship
It denotes membership of a citizen in a
political society which membership
implies, reciprocally, a duty of allegiance
on the part of the members and duty of
protection on the part of the state.
Acquisition of citizenship
 Involuntary method
- By birth because of blood relationship ( jus
sanguinis) or place of birth (jus soli).
- Membership in a nation largely involuntary; that is
most people initially become citizens of a nation and
subject to its rules without any deliberate choice or
conscious (Ranney 1995).
 Voluntary method
Naturalization as cited by De Leon (2014) is the act of
formally adopting a foreigner into political body of
the state and clothing him with the right and
privileges of citizenship.
Obligations of citizens
1. Loyalty or have a sense of patriotism
2. Obeys law.
3. Participation in political processes.
The following are citizens of the
philippines
1. Those who are citizens of the philippines at
the time of the adoption of this constitution
2. Those whose fathers or mothers arecitizens
of the philippines
3. Those born on january 17 1973 of filipino
mothers, philippine citizenship uppon
reaching the age of the majority.
4. Those who are naturalize in accordance with
law.
 Natural-Bom Citizens

Are those who are citizen of the Philippines

from birth without having perform any act to
acquire or perfect their Philippine
citizenship.

Philippine citizenship may be lost or

reacquired in the manner provided by law.

Two ways of Losing Citizenship

1. Voluntarily
a. by naturalization in a foreign country
b. by express renunciation of citizenship
c. by supporting the constitution and laws of a
foreign country
d. by rendering service to the armed forces of
a foreign country
2. Involuntarily
a. by the cancelation of his certificate of
naturalization by the court
b. By having been declared as a deserter in the
Philippine armed forces

Ways of Reacquiring Citizenship

a. By the repatriation of deserters of the
Phillipines
B. By a direct act of the Congress.
C. By naturalization.

 Dual Citizenship- is a situation in which a

person simultaneously owes, by some positive
act, loyalty to two or more states.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9225

Citizenship Retention and Re-acquisition Act of

2003
 “ Natural-born citizens of the
Philippines who have lost their
Philippines citizenship because of
their naturalization as citizens of a
foreign country are at this moment
deemed to have re-acquired
Philippine citizenship upon taking
the oath of allegiance to the
Republic.”