TITLE

TITLE

Some Aspects of Power

Electronics Circuits and Systems
Through Simulation

Presented By
A. Muthuramalingam
Assistant Professor, Department of EEE
Pondicherry Engineering College, PONDICHERRY
 PHILOSOPHY

Saint Said

Known is a Drop
Unknown is an Ocean
 THE REALITY

Scientists Say

If a Drop is Known, then One

Can Sail through Every Drop

Of the Unknown Ocean With
Simulator Ship
 THE REALITY

OF COURSE

If You Can model the Drop !!!

Then the Unknown Ocean is the

Derived Model of the Known Drop
 MODELING

MODELING

The Modeling is an Aspect of

Realizing the Characters of the
Physical Systems Very Closely
Through Mathematical Expressions
 MODELING

MODELING ENVIRONMENT

The Modeling Tools Provide an

Environment for the Easy
Implementation of the Model of the
Physical Systems
 SIMULATION

SIMULATION

The simulation is a an iterative

Process of solving the Mathematical
Equations Which are formulated
from Models and their
Interconnections
 SIMULATION

SIMULATOR ( Tool )

The Tools Provide an User Friendly

Environment to Select an Algorithms
and their control variables to Solve
the System Equations
 MODELING AND SIMULATION
SOFTWARE PACKAGES

SOFTWARE PACKAGES

The Recent Software Simulation

Tools Includes both the Modeling
and Simulation Environment as an
inseparable Package

But Separable for the PRICING

 THE PHILOSOPHY OF
LEARNING AND SIMULATION

LEARNING
Learning is a Continuous Process
with Once Owns Ability

SIMULATION
The Simulation Provides
an Environment to Learn Quickly
and thoroughly with Owns Pace
SIMULATION PACKAGES FOR POWER
ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS

• DYMOLA, ACSL
• DYMOSIM, DMODRAW, DYMOVIEW
• SPICE, PSPICE (SKETCH, PROBE)
• EMTP
• PSCAD
• TUTSIM
• MATLAB - SIMULINK
• SABER (SKETCH, GUIDE, SCOPE)
 MATLAB - SIMULINK

MATLAB
Matlab is a General Purpose High
Level Programming Language with
More Convenience to handle the
Array and Matrix
Matlab Programs are Used for
Modeling and Simulated Using
inbuilt Integration Algorithms
 MATLAB - SIMULINK

SIMULINK
SIMULINK is a Graphic Tool Box
With Inbuilt Models for the
Applications in the Field of Control,
Communication, DSP, Electrical
Circuits, Power Electronics, Power
Systems
Also has User Friendly Simulator
and Post Processing Tools
 MATLAB - SIMULINK

SIMULINK
For the Analysis and Design of the
Power Electronic Circuits and
Systems, the Simulink and Power
System Blockset Provides
Reasonably a Good Simulation
Environment
POWER ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS AND
SYSTEMS

SIMULATION SESSION ON
Introducing Some Aspects of Power
Electronic Circuits and Systems
using Matlab-Simulink and Power
System Blockset
POWER ELECTRONICS IN POWER
CONVERSION SYSTEMS

TYPE OF CONVERSIONS ARE

 AC to DC
 DC to AC
 AC to AC
 DC to DC

APPLICATIONS ARE
 Power Supplies
 Motor Drives
 Heating, Welding & Lighting
 HVDC & Reactive power Compensator
 CONTROL CONCEPTS IN
POWER ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS

CONTROL CONCEPTS USED ARE

 Phase Angle Control
 Pulse Width Modulation Control
 Pulse Density Modulation Control

SWITCHING METHODS ARE

 Hard Switching
 Soft Switching
Zero Current Switching
Zero Voltage Switching
POWER ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS AND
SYSTEMS

CIRCUIT AND SYSTEMS CONSIDERED ARE

• A voltage Source with R, L and RL Load
• Finding TRMS and the Fundamental of a Stepped Sine-wave
• Half-wave and Full-wave Rectifier
• Fully Controlled Bridge Rectifier with Constant Current Source
• Discussion on Inverse Cosine Firing Pulse Generator
• Inverse Cosine Firing Pulse Generator for 6P Controlled-Rectifier
• 6P Controlled Rectifier Operation
• Wave forms of 24P Rectifier
• Techniques in reducing the Simulation Time for the Power
Electronic Systems
 Session-1: V_I Characteristics of a
R, L, C, RL & RC Load for an AC Excitation

V_I Characteristics ( VP = 100, 50 Hz )

Z(r = 10) = 10Ω ; IP = 10, Φ = 0º

Z(L = 31.831 mH) = 10Ω; IP = 10, Φ = -90º
Z(C = 318.31 µF) = 10Ω; IP = 10, Φ = +90º
Z(r = 7.071, L=22.5 mH)=10Ω; IP = 10, Φ = -45º
Z(r=7.071, L=450.2 mH)=10Ω; IP = 10, Φ = +45º

File Name: vi_char_rlc

Session-2: Finding TRMS & Fundamental of a
Stepped Sine-wave

RMS
Root of Mean of Squared fn
10
5 5

-5 -5
-10
True RMS
Root of Sum of Individual RMS2
Session-2: Finding TRMS & Fundamental of a
Stepped Sine-wave

Finding True RMS

10 f = ( f1 + f2 + f3 )
f 2 = ( f1 + f2 + f3 ) 2
5 5
f 2 = ( f12 + f22 + f32 + f1f2 + f2 f3 + f3 f1)
f1 f3 f2
f1 f3 f2 f 2 = ( f12 + f22 + f32 ) ; as ( f1f2 + f2 f3 + f3 f1) = 0
5 5 frms = ( f12rms + f22rms + f32rms )
5 2 10 2 5 2
10 ftrms = + +
3 3 3

ftrms = 7.073
Session-2: Finding TRMS & Fundamental of a
Stepped Sine-wave

Harmonic Amplitude of a Non-Sin

Periodic waveform is Given by

4 β
Amplnthhar = * Amplnon sin * Sin n
2π n 2
Where ' β' is the Pulse Width
' n' is the Harmonic Number

File Name: true_rms & true_rms1

Session-2: Finding TRMS & Fundamental of a
Stepped Sine-wave

Finding Fundamenta l RMS

10 f (1) (
= f1(1) + f2(1) + f3(1) )
4
f1(1) = * 5 * sin(30) = 3.123[ 60°]
5 5 2π
f1 f3 f2 4
f1(1) = * 10 * sin(30) = 6.366[ 0°]
f1 f3 f2 2π
4
5 5 f3(1) = * 5 * sin(30) = 3.123[ _ 60°]
2π

10
f (1) (
= f1(1) + f2(1) + f3(1) )
1
f (1) = ( 3.123[ 60°] + 6.366[ 0°] + 3.123[ _ 60°] )
2
1
f (1) = ( 3.123[ 0°] + 6.366[ 0°] )
2
1
f (1) = ( 9.549[ 0°] ) = 6.752
2
Session-2: Finding TRMS & Fundamental of a
Stepped Sine-wave

Finding True RMS

f = ( f1 + f2 )
10
5 f 2 = ( f1 + f2 ) 2
f2
5 5 f 2 = ( f12 + f22 + 2 f1f2 )
f1 f3 f2 frms = ( f12 + f22 + 2f1f2 )
f1 f3 f2 f12 f22
5 5 ftrms = + + 2 f1f2
1 3
f2
10 52 52 5*5
5 ftrms = + +2*
1 3 3

ftrms = 5 2 + 2.855 2 + 16.67

ftrms = 7.073
Session-2: Finding TRMS & Fundamental of a
Stepped Sine-wave

Harmonic Amplitude of a Non-Sin

Periodic waveform is Given by

4 β
Amplnthhar = * Amplnon sin * Sin n
2π n 2
Where ' β' is the Pulse Width
' n' is the Harmonic Number

File Name: true_rms & true_rms1

Session-2: Finding TRMS & Fundamental of a
Stepped Sine-wave

Finding Fundamental RMS

10
5
f (1) (
= f1(1) + f2(1) )
f2 4 1
f1(1) = * 5 * sin(90) = 6.336
5 5 2π 2
f1 f3 f2 4 1
f1 = * 5 * sin(30) = 3.183
( 1) 2π 2
f1 f3 f2
5
f2
5 f (1) (
= f1(1) + f2(1) )
1
10
5 f (1) = ( 6.336[ 0°] + 3.183[ 0°] )
2
1
f (1) = ( 9.549[ 0°] ) = 6.752
2
 Session-3: Half-wave and Full-wave
Rectifier

Waveforms and the Input Output

Relations of a Rectifier
Vm
For Half _ Wave Re ctifier Vdc =
π

2 Vm
For Full _ Wave Re ctifier Vdc =
π

File Name: amr_1p_rec & 2p_rec, rec1

 Session-4: Fully Controlled Rectifier
with Constant Current Source

Waveforms and the Input Output

Relations of a Rectifier
Vm
For R _ load Vdc = ( 1 + Cos(α ))
π

2 Vm
For Continuous Current Vdc = Cos(α )
π

File Name: amr_2p_con_aload

 Session-5: Discussion on
Inverse Cosine Firing Pulse Generator

Linearization of Average Output

voltage with Control Voltage

2 Vm
For Continuous Current Vdc = Cos(α )
π

File Name: amr_2p_comp_fire_cos_tri;

graph
Session-6: Inverse Cosine Firing Pulse
Generator for 6P Controlled-Rectifier

Derivation of Reference Signals and

Cosine Signals from the Three_Phase
System Voltage Using Two Transformer
Connected in Star and Delta respectively

Using Such Signals, A Linear 6-Pulse Firing

Pulse Generator is used for
6P_Controlled_Rectifier

File Name: amr_test_3ph_fire_Pulse

 Session-7: 6 Pulse
Controlled Rectifier Operation

Waveforms and the Input Output Relations of

a Rectifier
Linearization of Average Output voltage with
Control Voltage
3 3Vm
For Continuous Current Vdc = Cos(α )
π
..1 vc
α = Cos ( ∧ α)
vc

File Name: amr_con_6p_w_i

 Session-8: 24 Pulse
Rectifier System Operation

Waveforms at the Input and the Output of

the Rectifier
Higher Pulse converter Systems reduce
the harmonics in the input and output

File Name: amr_24p_rec_w_i

Session-9: Simulation of Power Electronics
System – A Case Study on MDCLSR_SPRD

Modified DC Link Serious Resonant ac to

dc Converter Driven Slip Power Recovery
Drive
To Reduce the Rotor Current Harmonics
and their Effects On Stator Current and
causes the Flicker in the Power System
Voltage

File Name: aspect_system_simu2

 Session-10: Techniques to Reduce the
System Simulation Time

The Average Behavioral Model for the

Converter System Reduces the Simulation
Time in the Previous Case Study
Reduces the Simulation Time
from 1000 to 1 Hour
Because of Such Average Behavioral
Model, The Simulation Study was possible
on the Closed Loop Operation of the High
frequency Converter Driven Drive
 CONCLUSIONS

The Simulation Tools are very essential to

Study and Understand in General
particular very Important for Analysis and
Design of the Power Electronic Systems
The Systems are validated through
Simulation before the Prototype and Latter
to the Industrial Implementation
THANKS