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Essential Questions:
How do we solve
exponential and
logarithmic equations?
Solving Simple Equations
a. 2 x 32 2 x 25 x5
b. ln xx ln3 0 ln x ln3 x3
1
c. 9 3 x 32 x 2
3
d. e x 7 ln e x ln 7 x ln 7
e. ln x 3 eln x e3 x e 3
1
f. log10 x 1 10log10 x 101 x 101
10
Strategies for Solving Exponential and
Logarithmic Equations
1. Rewrite the given equation in a form that allows the use of the
One-to-One Properties of exponential or logarithmic functions.
2. Rewrite an exponential equation in logarithmic form and apply
the Inverse Property of logarithmic functions.
3. Rewrite a logarithmic equation in exponential form and apply
the Inverse Property of exponential functions.
Solving Exponential Equations
Solution:
a. e 72
x b. 3(2 x ) 42
ln e x ln 72 Take natural log of 2 x 14
each side.
x ln 72 log 2 2 x log 2 14
x 4.277 Use a calculator. x log 2 14
x 3.807
Solving an Exponential Equation
Solution:
e 5 60
x
Original equation.
e 55
x
Subtract 5 from each side.
x ln 55 Inverse Property.
15
2(3 2 n5
) 4 11 2n 5 log 3
2
2(3 2 n5
) 15 2n 5 log3 7.5
15
3 2 n 5
5 1
2 n log3 7.5
15 2 2
log 3 32 n5
log 3
2 n 3.417
Solving a Logarithmic Equation
5 2ln x 4 e ln x
e 1 2 Exponentiate each
side.
2ln x 1 x e1 2
1
ln x x 0.607
2
Solving a Logarithmic Equation
Solve 2log5 3x 4.
Solution:
2log5 3x 4
log5 3x 2
5 log5 3 x
5 2 Exponentiate each side (base 5).
25
3x 25 x
3
Checking for Extraneous Solutions
Solution:
5( x x 20) 0
2