RADIATION POLLUTION

RADIATION
• It is comes from outer space, the ground and even from within our bodies . Radiation is all
around us and has been present since the birth of our planet. Radiation is simply part of our lives,
The word, “RADIATION” generally bring to mind as nuclear power plant, nuclear weapons,,
Nonetheless, routinely encounter a variety of radiation sources every day, for Example: Smoke
detectors, household appliances, electrical power lines, and the sun.

• Radiation pollution can be defined as the emission of the energy particles or radioactive
substance into water, or land due to human activities in the form of the radioactive waste.
SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION

• Natural
• Man-made
 NATURAL RADIATION

• This includes cosmic rays that reach the surface and

terrestrial radiation from radioactive elements present in
the earth crust.
• Radioactive elements such as, Radium 224, Uranium
235, Uranium 238, Thorium 232, Radon 222, Potassium
40, and Carbon 14 occur in rock soil water.
• Radium - used medically in cancer treatment.
• Uranium - use to make nuclear energy and nuclear weapons.
• Radon – which is a gas that is use medically for cancer treatments.
• Potassium - is a soft silver-white that is use especially in farming industry.
• Carbon 14 - a heavy radioactive isotope of carbon of mass #14 used especially in
tracer student in dating old material.
MAN-MADE RADIATION
• X-ray
• Mining
• Nuclear Power-plants
• Nuclear explosions
• Nuclear accidents
• Nuclear bomb.
 X-RAY
• X-rays or X-radiation, a form of high-energy electromagnetic
radiation.
• X-rays are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, with
wavelengths shorter than visible light.
• X-rays are a type of radiation called electromagnetic waves. X-
ray imaging creates pictures of the inside of your body. The
images show the parts of your body in different shades of black
and white. This is because different tissues absorb different
amounts of radiation. Calcium in bones absorbs x-rays the most,
so bones look white. Fat and other soft tissues absorb less, and
look gray. Air absorbs the least, so lungs look black.
MINING

• Mining of radioactive ores (such as uranium ores) involves the crushing and
processing of radioactive ores and generates radioactive by-products. Mining
of other ores may also generate radioactive waste (such as mining of
phosphate ores).
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
• Nuclear energy originates from the splitting of uranium atoms – a
process called fission. This generates heat to produce steam, which
is used by a turbine generator to generate electricity.
Because nuclear power plants do not burn fuel, they do not
produce greenhouse gas emissions.
 NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS

• A nuclear explosion is an explosion that occurs as a result of the rapid release of energy from
a high-speed nuclear reaction.
NUCLEAR ACCIDENT

• Nuclear meltdown is a severe nuclear reactor accident that results in reactor damage from overheating.
It has been defined as the accidental melting of the core of a nuclear reactor, and refers to the core's
either complete or partial collapse.
• A core melt accident occurs when the heat generated by a nuclear reactor exceeds the heat removed by
the cooling systems to the point where at least one nuclear fuel element exceeds its melting point.
NUCLEAR BOMB
• is an explosive device that derives its destructive force
from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or from a
combination of fission and fusion reactions
(thermonuclear bomb).

Little Boy
EFFECTS OF RADIATION
There are two main types of radiation: nonionizing and ionizing.
•Nonionizing radiation comes in the form of light, radio waves, microwaves and radar.
These forms usually don't cause tissue damage.

•Ionizing radiation causes immediate effects on human tissue. X-rays, gamma rays, and
particle bombardment (neutron beam, electron beam, protons, mesons, and others) give
off ionizing radiation. This type of radiation is used for medical testing and treatment. It is
also used in industrial and manufacturing purposes, weapons and weapons development,
and more.

 Exposure to very high levels of radiation, such as being close to an atomic blast, can
cause acute health effects such as skin burns and acute radiation syndrome
(“radiation sickness"). It can also result in long-term health effects such as cancer and
cardiovascular disease.